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| 1 | China Stroke Statistics 2019:A Report From the National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases,the Chinese Stroke Association,National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and Institute for Global Neuroscience and Stroke Collaborations显示文摘China faces the greatest challenge from stroke in the world.The death rate for cerebrovascular diseases in China was 149.49 per 100000,accounting for 1.57 million deaths in 2018.It ranked third among the leading causes of death behind malignant tumours and heart disease.The age-standardised prevalence and incidence of stroke in 2013 were 1114.8 per 100000 population and 246.8 per 100000 person-years,respectively.According to the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017,the years of life lost(YLLs)per 100000 population for stroke increased by 14.6%;YLLs due to stroke rose from third highest among all causes in 1990 to the highest in 2017.The absolute numbers and rates per 100000 population for all-age disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)for stroke increased substantially between 1990 and 2017,and stroke was the leading cause of all-age DALYs in 2017.The main contributors to cerebrovascular diseases include behavioural risk factors(smoking and alcohol use)and pre-existing conditions(hypertension,diabetes mellitus,dyslipidaemia and atrial fibrillation(AF)).The most prevalent risk factors among stroke survivors were hypertension(63.0%-84.2%)and smoking(31.7%-47.6%).The least prevalent was AF(2.7%-7.4%).The prevalences for major risk factors for stroke are high and most have increased over time.Based on the latest national epidemiological data,26.6%of adults aged≥15 years(307.6 million adults)smoked tobacco products.For those aged≥18 years,age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension was 25.2%;adjusted prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia was 5.8%;and the standardised prevalence of diabetes was 10.9%.For those aged≥40 years,the standardised prevalence of AF was 2.31%.Data from the Hospital Quality Monitoring System showed that 3010204 inpatients with stroke were admitted to 1853 tertiary care hospitals during 2018.Of those,2466785(81.9%)were ischaemic strokes(ISs);447609(14.9%)were intracerebral haemorrhages(ICHs);and 95810(3.2%)were subarachnoid haemorrhages(SAHs).The average age of patients admitted was 66 years old,and nearly 60%were male.A total of 1555(0.1%),2774(0.6%)and 1347(1.4%)paediatric strokes(age<18 years)were identified among IS,ICH and SAH,respectively.Over one-third(1063892(35.3%))of the patients were covered by urban resident basic medical insurance,followed by urban employee basic medical insurance(699513(23.2%))and new rural cooperative medical schema(489361(16.3%)).The leading risk factor was hypertension(67.4%for IS,77.2%for ICH and 49.1%for SAH),and the leading comorbidity was pneumonia or pulmonary infection(10.1%for IS,31.4%for ICH and 25.2%for SAH).In-hospital death/discharge against medical advice rate was 8.3%for stroke inpatients,ranging from 5.8%for IS to 19.5%for ICH.The median and IQR of length of stay was 10.0(7.0-14.0)days,ranging from 10.0(7.0-13.0)in IS to 14.0(8.0-22.0)in SAH.Data from the Chinese Stroke Center Alliance demonstrated that the composite scores of guideline-recommended key performance indicators for patients with IS,ICH and SAH were 0.77±0.21,0.72±0.28 and 0.59±0.32,respectively. | Yong-Jun Wang Zi-Xiao Li Hong-Qiu Gu Yi Zhai Yong Jiang Xing-Quan Zhao Yi-Long Wang Xin Yang Chun-Juan Wang Xia Meng Hao Li Li-Ping Liu Jing Jing Jing Wu An-Ding Xu Qiang Dong David Wang Ji-Zong Zhao On behalf of China Stroke Statistics 2019 Writing Committee | 2020 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2020，5，3： | 181 |
| 2 | The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Hirnantian Stage (the uppermost of the Ordovician System)显示文摘 | Xu Chen Jiayu Rong Junxuan Fan Renbin Zhan Charles E. Mitchell David A. T. Harper Michael J. Melchin Ping'an Peng Stan C. Finney Xiaofeng Wang | 2006 | Episodes2006，29，3： | 61 |
| 3 | aunalysis of the Genome Sequence of the Medicinal Plant Salvia miltiorrhiza显示文摘 | Haibin Xu Jingyuan Song Hongmei Luo Yujun Zhang Qiushi Li Yingjie Zhu Jiang Xu Ying Li Chi Song Bo Wang Wei Sun Guoan Shen Xin Zhang Jun Qian Aijia Ji Zhichao Xu Xiang Luo Liu He Chuyuan Li Chao Sun Haixia Yah Guanghong Cui Xiwen Li Xian 'en Li Jianhe Wei Juyan Liu Yitao Wang Alice Hayward David Nelson Zemin Ning Reuben J. Peters Xiaoquan Qi Shilin Chen | 2016 | Molecular Plant2016，9，6： | 70 |
| 4 | A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns显示文摘发展史长通知了蕨类植物分类。当我们推断进化的树的能力改善了,针对认出生来的组的分类变得逐渐地预兆、稳定。这里,我们为 lycophytes 和蕨纲植物提供一个现代、全面分类,在下面,利用一条基于社区的途径类水平。我们 monophyly 用作主要标准让 taxa,而且目的识别保存两个广泛地被接受的存在 taxa 和界限并且与我们蕨类植物发展史的理解一致。总共,这个分类对待一在 337 个类, 51 个家庭, 14 目,和二个班估计了 11 916 种类。这个分类没在 lycophyte 和蕨纲植物上作为最后的词被打算分类,而是当前的假设的概括陈述,源于最好的可得到的数据并且在问题由熟悉植物的那些大多数塑造了。我们希望它将在蕨类植物上为最近的文学的那些想要的参考用作一个资源发展史和分类,为指导未来调查的一个框架,和推进讲话的刺激。 | Eric Schuettpelz Harald Schneider Alan R. Smith Peter Hovenkamp Jefferson Prado Germinal Rouhan Alexandre Salino Michael Sundue Thafs Elias Almeida Barbara Parris Emily B. Sessa Ashley R. Field Andre Luis de Gasper Carl J. Rothfels Michael D. Windham Marcus Lehnert Benjamin Dauphin Atsushi Ebihara Samuli Lehtonen Pedro Bond Schwartsburd Jordan Metzgar Li-Bing Zhang Li-Yaung Kuo Patrick J. Brownsey Masahiro Kato Marcelo Daniel Arana Francine C. Assis Michael S. Barker David S. Barrington Ho-Ming Chang Yi-Han Chang Yi-Shan Chao Cheng-Wei Chen De-Kui Chen Wen-Liang Chiou Vinicius Antonio de Oliveira Dittrich Yi-Fan Duan Jean-Yves Dubuisson Donald R. Farrar Susan Fawcett Jose Maria Gabriel y Galan Luiz Armando de Araujo Goes-Neto Jason R. Grant Amanda L. Grusz Christopher Haufler Warren Hauk Hai He Sabine Hennequin Regina Yoshie Hirai Layne Huiet Michael Kessler Petra Korall Paulo H. Labiak Anders Larsson Blanca Leen Chun-Xiang Li Fay-Wei Li Melanie Link-Perez Hong-Mei Liu Ngan Thi Lu Esteban I. Meza-Torres Xin-Yuan Miao Robbin Moran Claudine Massi Mynssens Nathalie Nagalingum Benjamin Ollgaard Alison M. Paul Jovani B. de S. Pereira Leon R. Perrie Monica Ponce Tom A. Ranker Christian Schulz Wataru Shinohara Alexander Shmakov Erin M. Sigel Filipe Soares de Souza Lana da Silva Sylvestre Weston Testo Luz Amparo Triana-Moreno Chie Tsutsumi Hanna Tuomisto IvAn A. Valdespino Alejandra Vasco Raquel Stauffer Viveros Alan Weakley Ran Wei Stina Weststrand Paul G. Wolf George Yatskievych Xiao-Gang Xu Yue-Hong Yan Liang Zhang Xian-Chun Zhang Xin-Mao Zhou | 2016 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2016，54，6： | 44 |
| 5 | Analyses on the climate change responses over China under SRES B2 scenario using PRECIS显示文摘The PRECIS,a regional climate model system developed at the UK Met Office Hadley Cen- tre for Climate Prediction and Research,which is nested in one-way mode within the HadAM3P,a higher-resolution version of the atmospheric com- ponent of the Hadley Centre climate model HadCM3,is employed to simulate the baseline (1961—1990) climate for evaluation of model’s capacity of simu- lating present climate and analyze the future climate change responses in the time-slice of 2071—2100 (2080s) under SRES B2 scenario over China relative to baseline average. It is indicated from the com- parison of the simulated baseline climate with in situ observation that PRECIS can simulate the local dis- tribution characteristics of surface air temperature over China quite well; generally speaking,the simu- lation for precipitation in the north of China and in winter is better than in the south of China and in summer,respectively; the simulation of precipitation in summer is sensitive to topography,and the simu- lated precipitation values are lower than observations over southeast coastal areas. It is shown from the analyses on the simulated climate change responses in 2080s under SRES B2 scenario relative to base- line that there would be an obvious surface air tem- perature increase in the north of China relative to that in the south of China,and especially in Northwest China and Northeast China,the amplitude ofsummer mean surface air temperature increments could reach 5℃; there would be an overall increase of the simulated precipitation in 2080s under SRES B2 scenario over most areas of China,while there would be significant precipitation decreases in South China in winter; there would be obvious precipitation decreases in Northeast China and North China in summer with high surface air temperature increase. However,it presents an obvious precipitation in- crease over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in summer. | XU Yinlong ZHANG Yong LIN Erda LIN Wantao DONG Wenjie Richard Jones David Hassell Simon Wilson | 2006 | Chinese Science Bulletin2006，51，18： | 39 |
| 6 | Chinese Stroke Center Alliance:a national effort to improve healthcare quality for acute stroke and transient ischaemic attack:rationale,design and preliminary findings显示文摘Background In June 2015,the Chinese Stroke Association(CSA)initiated the Chinese Stroke Center Alliance(CSCA)to establish the national hospital-based stroke care quality assessment and improvement platform.This article outlines its objectives,operational structure,patient population,quality improvement(QI)intervention tools,data elements,data collection methodology and current patient and hospital data.Methods The CSCA is a national,hospital-based,multicentre,voluntary,multifaceted intervention and continuous QI initiative.This multifaceted intervention includes stroke centre development,written care protocols,workshops and a monitoring/feedback system of evidencebased performance measures.The data coordinating centre of the CSCA resides at the China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases,Beijing Tiantan Hospital.results As of July 2017,1576 hospitals in China have contributed detailed clinical information to serve as a benchmark for the stroke care quality of 433264 patients with acute stroke/transient ischaemic attacks(TIA),including 352572(81.38%)acute ischaemic stroke,30362(7.01%)TIA,42080(9.71%)spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage,5505(1.27%)subarachnoid haemorrhage and 2745(0.63%)not specified stroke.Conclusion The CSCA programme is designed to establish a continuous national stroke registry and help healthcare providers develop stroke centres and treat patients in a consistent manner in accordance with accepted national guidelines and,ultimately,improve patient outcomes.It supports the CSA mission to reduce stroke burden in China. | Yongjun Wang Zixiao Li Yilong Wang Xingquan Zhao Liping Liu Xin Yang Caiyun Wang Hongqiu Gu Fuying Zhang Chunjuan Wang Ying Xian David Z Wang Qiang Dong Anding Xu Jizong Zhao Chinese Stroke Center Alliance investigators | 2018 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2018，3，4： | 38 |
| 7 | Cosmogenic ^(10)Be dating of Guxiang and Baiyu Glaciations显示文摘Guxiang and Baiyu Glaciations are two previously recognized local glaciations of the Tibetan Plateau. They have been widely used as the reference standard for classifying Late Quaternary glaciations on the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding mountains. However, the numerical chronologies of both glaciations have been lacking. In this study, cosmogenic 10Be dating was undertaken to define the timing of these two glaciations. The surface boulders deposited by the glaciers of the Guxiang and Baiyu Glaciations have exposure ages of 112.9±16.7―136.5±15.8 ka BP and 11.1±1.9―18.5±2.2 ka BP, respectively. It is likely that the Guxiang and Baiyu Glaciations correspond to marine isotope stages 6 and 2, respectively. | ZHOU ShangZhe XU LiuBing PATRICK M. Colgan DAVID M. Mickelson WANG XiaoLi WANG Jie ZHONG Wei | 2007 | Chinese Science Bulletin2007，52，10： | 28 |
| 8 | 中、澳、芬数学课程标准中内容分布的比较研究显示文摘以中国、澳大利亚维多利亚州、芬兰官方数学课程标准为研究对象,通过对三国数学课程标准的内容数量、结构框架、详略程度、要求程度、内容分布、内容变化方面进行比较发现:中国数学课程标准内容条目最多、最详细,其次是澳大利亚维州数量居中,芬兰最少、概括性强;三个国家数学课程标准中数与运算、几何内容都较其他内容所占比重更大、强调更多;中国数学课程标准在不同学段上所侧重的内容不同,呈动态变化趋势,而澳大利亚维州各学段各部分内容比重相当,随学段增长,不同内容所占比重无明显变化,芬兰不同学段内容设置不固定,内容所占比重也不固定,不受统一模式限制。 | 康玥媛 曹一鸣 XU Li-hua David Clarke | 2012 | 教育学报2012，8，1： | 23 |
| 9 | Experimental study on dynamic mechanical property of cemented tailings backfill under SHPB impact loading显示文摘Cemented tailings backfill(CTB) have increasingly been used in recent years to improve the stability of mining stopes in deep underground mines. Deep mining processes are often associated with rock bursting and high-speed dynamic loading conditions. Therefore, it is important to investigate the characteristics and dynamic mechanical behavior of CTB. This paper presents the results of dynamic tests on CTB specimens with different cement and solid contents using a split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB). The results showed that some CTB specimens exhibited one to two lower stress peaks after reaching dynamic peak stress before they completely failed. The greater the cement-to-tailings ratio is, the more obvious the strain reaction. This property mainly manifested as follows. First,the dynamic peak stress increased with the increase of the cement-to-tailings ratio when the impact velocity was fixed. Second, the dynamic peak stress had a quadratic relationship with the average stress rate. Third, the cement-to-tailings ratio could enhance the increase rate of dynamic peak stress with strain rate. In addition, the dynamic strength enhancement factor K increased with the increase of strain rate, and its value was larger than that of the rock samples. The failure modes of CTB specimens under low-speed impact were tensile failure and X conjugate shear failure, where were nearly the same as those under static uniaxial and triaxial compression. The CTB specimens were crushed and broken under critical strain, a failure mode similar to that of low-strength concrete. The results of the experimental research can improve the understanding of the dynamic mechanical properties of CTB and guide the strength design of deep mining backfills. | Yu-ye Tan Xin Yu Davide Elmo Lin-hui Xu Wei-dong Song | 2019 | International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials2019，26，4： | 19 |
| 10 | A new feathered maniraptoran dinosaur fossil that fills a morphological gap in avian origin显示文摘Recent fossil discoveries have substantially reduced the morphological gap between non-avian and avian dinosaurs, yet avians including Archaeopteryx differ from non-avian theropods in their limb proportions. In particular, avians have proportionally longer and more robust forelimbs that are capable of supporting a large aerodynamic surface. Here we report on a new maniraptoran dinosaur, Anchiornis huxleyi gen. et sp. nov., based on a specimen collected from lacustrine deposits of uncertain age in western Liaoning, China. With an estimated mass of 110 grams, Anchiornis is the smallest known non-avian theropod dinosaur. It exhibits some wrist features indicative of high mobility, presaging the wing-folding mechanisms seen in more derived birds and suggesting rapid evolution of the carpus. Otherwise, Anchiornis is intermediate in general morphology between non-avian and avian dinosaurs, particularly with regard to relative forelimb length and thickness, and represents a transitional step toward the avian condition. In contrast with some recent comprehensive phylogenetic analyses, our phylogenetic analysis incorporates subtle morphological variations and recovers a conventional result supporting the monophyly of Avialae. | XU Xing ZHAO Qi NORELL Mark SULLIVAN Corwin HONE David ERICKSON Gregory WANG XiaoLin HAN FengLu GUO Yu | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，3： | 15 |
| 11 | Management of granulomatous lobular mastitis: an international multidisciplinary consensus(2021 edition)显示文摘Granulomatous lobular mastitis(GLM) is a rare and chronic benign inflammatory disease of the breast. Difficulties exist in the management of GLM for many front-line surgeons and medical specialists who care for patients with inflammatory disorders of the breast. This consensus is summarized to establish evidence-based recommendations for the management of GLM. Literature was reviewed using PubMed from January 1, 1971 to July 31, 2020. Sixty-six international experienced multidisciplinary experts from 11 countries or regions were invited to review the evidence.Levels of evidence were determined using the American College of Physicians grading system, and recommendations were discussed until consensus. Experts discussed and concluded 30 recommendations on historical definitions,etiology and predisposing factors, diagnosis criteria, treatment, clinical stages, relapse and recurrence of GLM. GLM was recommended as a widely accepted definition. In addition, this consensus introduced a new clinical stages and management algorithm for GLM to provide individual treatment strategies. In conclusion, diagnosis of GLM depends on a combination of history, clinical manifestations, imaging examinations, laboratory examinations and pathology.The approach to treatment of GLM should be applied according to the different clinical stage of GLM. This evidencebased consensus would be valuable to assist front-line surgeons and medical specialists in the optimal management of GLM. | Qian-Qian Yuan Shu-Yuan Xiao Omar Farouk Yu-Tang Du Fereshte Sheybani Qing Ting Tan Sami Akbulut Kenan Cetin Afsaneh Alikhassi Rami Jalal Yaghan Irmak Durur-Subasi Fatih Altintoprak Tae Ik Eom Fatih Alper Mustafa Hasbahceci David Martínez-Ramos Pelin Seher Oztekin Ava Kwong Cedric W.Pluguez-Turul Kirstyn EBrownson Shirish Chandanwale Mehran Habib Liu-Yi Lan Rui Zhou Xian-Tao Zeng Jiao Bai Jun-Wen Bai Qiong-Rong Chen Xing Chen Xiao-Ming Zha Wen-Jie Dai Zhi-Jun Dai Qin-Yu Feng Qing-Jun Gao Run-Fang Gao Bao-San Han Jin-Xuan Hou Wei Hou Hai-Ying Liao Hong Luo Zheng-Ren Liu Jing-Hua Lu Bin Luo Xiao-Peng Ma Jun Qian Jian-Yong Qin Wei Wei Gang Wei Li-Ying Xu Hui-Chao Xue Hua-Wei Yang Wei-Ge Yang Chao-Jie Zhang Fan Zhang Guan-Xin Zhang Shao-Kun Zhang Shu-Qun Zhang Ye-Qiang Zhang Yue-Peng Zhang Sheng-Chu Zhang Dai-Wei Zhao Xiang-Min Zheng Le-Wei Zheng Gao-Ran Xu Wen-Bo Zhou Gao-Song Wu | 2022 | Military Medical Research2022，9，4： | 13 |
| 12 | Infrared upconversion imaging in nonlinear metasurfaces显示文摘Infrared imaging is a crucial technique in a multitude of applications,including night vision,autonomous vehicle navigation,optical tomography,and food quality control.Conventional infrared imaging technologies,however,require the use of materials such as narrow bandgap semiconductors,which are sensitive to thermal noise and often require cryogenic cooling.We demonstrate a compact all-optical alternative to perform infrared imaging in a metasurface composed of GaAs semiconductor nanoantennas,using a nonlinear wave-mixing process.We experimentally show the upconversion of short-wave infrared wavelengths via the coherent parametric process of sum-frequency generation.In this process,an infrared image of a target is mixed inside the metasurface with a strong pump beam,translating the image from the infrared to the visible in a nanoscale ultrathin imaging device.Our results open up new opportunities for the development of compact infrared imaging devices with applications in infrared vision and life sciences. | Rocio Camacho-Morales Davide Rocco Lei Xu Valerio Flavio Gili Nikolay Dimitrov Lyubomir Stoyanov Zhonghua Ma Andrei Komar Mykhaylo Lysevych Fouad Karouta Alexander Dreischuh Hark Hoe Tan Giuseppe Leo Costantino De Angelis Chennupati Jagadish Andrey E.Miroshnichenko Mohsen Rahmani Dragomir N.Neshev | 2021 | Advanced Photonics2021，3，3： | 11 |
| 13 | A large outbreak of acute gastroenteritis caused by the human norovirus GII.17 strain at a university in Henan Province,China显示文摘Background:Human noroviruses are a major cause of viral gastroenteritis and are the main etiological agents of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks.An increasing number of outbreaks and sporadic cases of norovirus have been reported in China in recent years.There was a large acute gastroenteritis outbreak at a university in Henan Province,China in the past five years.We want to identify the source,transmission routes of the outbreak by epidemiological investigation and laboratory testing in order to provide the effective control measures.Methods:The clinical cases were investigated,and analysed by descriptive epidemiological methods according to factors such as time,department,grade and so on.Samples were collected from clinical cases,healthy persons,the environment,water,and food at the university.These samples were tested for potential bacteria and viruses.The samples that tested positive for norovirus were selected for whole genome sequencing and the sequences were then analysed.Results:From 4 March to 3 April 2015,a total of 753 acute diarrhoea cases were reported at the university;the attack rate was 3.29%.The epidemic curve showed two peaks,with the main peak occurring between 10 and 20 March,accounting for 85.26%of reported cases.The rates of norovirus detection in samples from confirmed cases,people without symptoms,and environmental samples were 32.72%,17.39%,and 9.17%,respectively.The phylogenetic analysis showed that the norovirus belonged to the genotype GII.17.Conclusions:This is the largest and most severe outbreak caused by genotype GII.17 norovirus in recent years in China.The GII.17 viruses displayed high epidemic activity and have become a dominant strain in China since the winter of 2014,having replaced the previously dominant GII.4 Sydney 2012 strain. | Xue-Yong Huang Jia Su Qian-Chao Lu Shi-Zheng Li Jia-Yong Zhao Meng-Lei Li Yi Li Xiao-Jing Shen Bai-Fan Zhang Hai-Feng Wang Yu-Jiao Mu Shu-Yu Wu Yan-Hua Du Li-Cheng Liu Wei-Jun Chen John David Klena Bian-Li Xu | 2017 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2017，6，1： | 10 |
| 14 | Spring migration duration exceeds that of autumn migration in Far East Asian Greater White-fronted Geese (Anser albifrons)显示文摘Background:Migration theory suggests,and some empirical studies show, that in order to compete for the best breeding sites and increase reproductive success,long-distance avian migrants tend to adopt a time minimization strategy during spring migration, resulting in shorter duration spring migration compared to that in autumn.Methods:Using GPS/GSM transmitters,we tracked the full migrations of 11 Greater White-fronted Geese (Anser albifrons) between southeast China and the Russian Arctic,to reveal the migration timing and routes of the East Asian population, and compare the difference in duration between spring and autumn migration of this population.Results:We found that migration in spring (79 ± 12 days) took more than twice as long to cover the same distance as in autumn (35 ±7 days).This difference in migration duration was mainly determined by significantly more time spent in spring (59±16 days) than in autumn (23± 6days) at significantly more stopover sites. Conclusions:We suggest that these geese, thought to be partial capital breeders, spent almost three quarters of total migration time at spring stopover sites to acquire energy stores for ultimate investment in reproduction, although we cannot reject the hypothesis that timing of the spring thaw also contributed to stopover duration.In autumn,they acquired necessary energy stores on the breeding grounds sufficient to reach Northeast China staging areas almost without stop, which reduced stopover times in autumn and resulted in the faster autumn migration than spring. | Xueqin Deng Qingshan Zhao Lei Fang Zhenggang Xu Xin Wang Haoren He Lei Cao Anthony David Fox | 2019 | Avian Research2019，10，3： | 9 |
| 15 | Characterization of the Formation of Branched Short-Chain Fatty Acid:CoAs for Bitter Acid Biosynthesis in Hop Glandular Trichomes显示文摘痛苦的酸,作为啤酒香料并且为他们的多样的生物活动为他们的使用知道,主要 formedin 跳跃(Humulus lupulus ) 腺的毛状体。分叉的短链的 acyl-CoAs (例如 isobutyryl-CoA, isovaleryl-CoA 和 2-methylbutyryl-CoA ) , derivedfrom 分支链氨基酸(BCAA ) 的降级,为痛苦的 acidsin 的生合成的必要积木跳跃。然而,很少关于部件被需要生产并且维持分叉的 short-chainacyl-CoAs 的水池在的被知道跳跃毛状体。这里,我们在场 CoA ligases 和 thioesterases 是在痛苦的酸生合成的 likelyinvolved 的证据的几根线。蛋白质有的 Recombinant HlCCL2 ( carboxyl CoA ligase )为象底层酸的 isovaleric 的高特定的活动( K 猫 /K m = 4100 s 1 M 1),而 recombinant HlCCL4 明确地利用了 isobutyric 酸( K 猫 /K m = 1800 s 1 M 1)并且 2-methylbutyric 酸( K 猫 /K m = 6900 s 1 M 1)作为底层。两 HlCCLs 跳跃 valerophenone synthase (HlVPS ) ,在腺的毛状体强烈被表示并且对细胞质局部性。有在酵母的 HlVPS 的 HlCCL2 和 HlCCL4 的合作表示导致了 acylphloroglucinols (为痛苦的酸生合成的直接先锋) 的重要生产, whichfurther 在 vivo 证实了这二 HlCCLs 的生物化学的功能。在线粒体催化 CCL 的反向的反应的 thioesterase 的功能的鉴定,和 thecomprehensive,基因的分析包含了 BCAA 分解代谢,支持了 cytosolic CoA ligases 在腺的毛状体为 linkingBCAA 降级和痛苦的酸生合成被要求的想法。进化和另外的可能的生理的 rolesof 分叉短链的丰满的酸: 在 planta 的 CoA ligases 也是 discussed.Key 词: | Haiyang Xu Fengxia Zhang Baoxiu Liu David V. Huhman Lloyd W. Sumner Richard A. Dixon Guodong Wang | 2013 | Molecular Plant2013，6，4： | 9 |
| 16 | The origin, diversification and adaptation of a major mangrove clade (Rhizophoreae) revealed by whole-genome sequencing显示文摘Mangroves invade some very marginal habitats for woody plants—at the interface between land and sea.Since mangroves anchor tropical coastal communities globally, their origin, diversification and adaptation are of scientific significance, particularly at a time of global climate change. In this study, a combination of single-molecule long reads and the more conventional short reads are generated from Rhizophora apiculata for the de novo assembly of its genome to a near chromosome level. The longest scaffold, N50 and N90 for the R. apiculata genome, are 13.3 Mb, 5.4 Mb and 1.0 Mb, respectively. Short reads for the genomes and transcriptomes of eight related species are also generated. We find that the ancestor of Rhizophoreae experienced a whole-genome duplication ~70 Myrs ago, which is followed rather quickly by colonization and species diversification. Mangroves exhibit pan-exome modifications of amino acid(AA) usage as well as unusual AA substitutions among closely related species. The usage and substitution of AAs, unique among plants surveyed, is correlated with the rapid evolution of proteins in mangroves. A small subset of these substitutions is associated with mangroves' highly specialized traits(vivipary and red bark) thought to be adaptive in the intertidal habitats. Despite the many adaptive features, mangroves are among the least genetically diverse plants, likely the result of continual habitat turnovers caused by repeated rises and falls of sea level in the geologically recent past. Mangrove genomes thus inform about their past evolutionary success as well as portend a possibly difficult future. | Shaohua Xu Ziwen He Zhang Zhang Zixiao Guo Wuxia Guo Haomin Lyu Jianfang Li Ming Yang Zhenglin Du Yelin Huang Renchao Zhou Cairong Zhong David E. Boufford Manuel Lerdau Chung-I Wu Norman C. Duke Suhua Shi | 2017 | National Science Review2017，4，5： | 7 |
| 17 | Neuroprotectants attenuate hypobaric hypoxia-induced brain injuries in cynomolgus monkeys显示文摘Hypobaric hypoxia (HH) exposure can cause serious brain injury as well as life-threatening cerebral edema in severe cases. Previous studies on the mechanisms of HH-induced brain injury have been conducted primarily using non-primate animal models that are genetically distant to humans, thus hindering the development of disease treatment. Here, we report that cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) exposed to acute HH developed human-like HH syndrome involving severe brain injury and abnormal behavior. Transcriptome profiling of white blood cells and brain tissue from monkeys exposed to increasing altitude revealed the central role of the HIF-1 and other novel signaling pathways, such as the vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling pathway, in co-regulating HH-induced inflammation processes. We also observed profound transcriptomic alterations in brains after exposure to acute HH, including the activation of angiogenesis and impairment of aerobic respiration and protein folding processes, which likely underlie the pathological effects of HH-induced brain injury. Administration of progesterone (PROG) and steroid neuroprotectant 5α-androst-3β,5,6β-triol (TRIOL) significantly attenuated brain injuries and rescued the transcriptomic changes induced by acute HH. Functional investigation of the affected genes suggested that these two neuroprotectants protect the brain by targeting different pathways, with PROG enhancing erythropoiesis and TRIOL suppressing glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. Thus, this study advances our understanding of the pathology induced by acute HH and provides potential compounds for the development of neuroprotectant drugs for therapeutic treatment. | Pei Zhang Jie-Si Chen Qi-Ye Li Long-Xiang Sheng Yi-Xing Gao Bing-Zheng Lu Wen-Bo Zhu Xiao-Yu Zhan Yuan Li Zhi-Bing Yuan Gang Xu Bi-Tao Qiu Min Yan Chun-Xue Guo You-Qiong Wang Yi-Jun Huang Jing-Xia Zhang Fu-Yu Liu Zhong-Wei Tang Sui-Zhen Lin David NCooper Huan-Ming Yang Jian Wang Yu-Qi Gao Wei Yin Guo-Jie Zhang Guang-Mei Yan | 2020 | Zoological Research2020，41，1： | 6 |
| 18 | Proteomics Analysis Reveals Post-Translational Mechanisms for Cold-Induced Metabolic Changes in Arabidopsis显示文摘基因表示和新陈代谢的导致寒冷的变化是批评的让植物幸存结冰。主要由改变基因表示,到不会结冻的低温度的一个时期的暴露增加植物忍耐到作为冷环境适应知道的 freezinga 现象。在在结冰下面的温度落下指以前,寒冷也导致快速的新陈代谢的变化,它提供立刻的保护。为对寒冷的如此的快速的新陈代谢的回答的分子的机制仍然保持大部分未知。这里,我们使用 Arabidopsis thaliana proteome 的亚 cellular 部分的分析结合了的二维的差别胶化电气泳动(2-D DIGE ) 由双人脚踏车团 spectrometry 看到鉴定在 Arabidopsis 识别早寒冷应答的蛋白质。这些蛋白质包括涉及淀粉降级,三 HSP100 蛋白质,在 tricarboxylic 酸周期的几蛋白质,和蔗糖新陈代谢的四酶。在冷处理之上, Disproportionating 酶 2 (DPE2 ) ,使麦芽糖产生代射变化到葡萄糖的 cytosolic transglucosidase,在 centrifugation 小团部分很快增加了并且在可溶的部分减少了。与 DPE2 酶的活动的导致寒冷的 inactivation 一致,没有影响 C 重复有约束力的抄写因素(CBF ) , dpe2 异种显示出增加的结冰忍耐 transcriptional 小径。这些结果支持一个模型那导致寒冷的 inactivation DPE2 导致麦芽糖的快速的累积,它是保护房间免受结冰的伤害的导致寒冷的兼容溶质损坏。这研究为在对突然的温度的植物保护的新陈代谢的酶掉的糖类的快速的 translational 以后规定的一个关键角色提供证据。 | Tian Li Shou-Ling XU Juan A. Oses-Prieto Sunita Putil Peng Xu Rui-Ju Wang Kathy H. Li David A. Maltby Liz-He An Alma L. Burlingame Zhi-Ping Deng Zhi-Yong Wang | 2011 | Molecular Plant2011，4，2： | 6 |
| 19 | Status and distribution of ungulates in Xinjiang,China显示文摘Based on a long-term field investigation and other research results,we reviewed the status and distribution of ungulates in Xinjiang,China. The ungulates in Xinjiang included 19 ungulate species(30 subspecies) from 6 families and 2 orders. Among them,3 species(2 subspecies) relate to Equidae(Perrisodactyla) ,and 16 species(28 subspecies) are from 5 families of Artiodactyla. In this paper,we analyzed the conservation status of most rare and important 13 ungulate species. Firstly,we proposed the protection of genetic diversity of Camelus ferus and the distribution areas of Moschus sifanicus,Procapra przewalskii and Saiga tatarica in Xinjiang. We found that Moschus sifanicus but not Procapra przewalskii distributed in Xinjiang. It was not clear whether the remnant populations of Saiga tatarica existed in Xinjiang and China-Kazakhstan border or not. We discussed that the protection level and rational use of Capra sibirica and enhancing protection level and enlarging monitoring and research projects for Pantholops hodgsoni and Gazella subgutturosa. And we would like to suggest Forestry Department to develop the captive breeding of Tibetan antelope for rational use. In addition,the captive breeding of Cervus elaphus in Xinjiang was reviewed. Local government should lessen strong control to Cervus elaphus because of many breeding centers' establishment. | XingYi GAO WenXuan XU WeiKang YANG David A BLANK JianFang QIAO KeFen XU | 2011 | Journal of Arid Land2011，3，1： | 5 |
| 20 | Virus-Mediated Overexpression of ETS-1 in the Ventral Hippocampus Counteracts Depression-Like Behaviors in Rats显示文摘ETS-1 is a transcription factor that is a member of the E26 transformation-specific(ETS) family. Galanin receptor 2(Gal R2), a subtype of receptors of the neuropeptide galanin, has been shown to have an antidepressant-like effect after activation in rodents. Our previous study has shown that overexpression of ETS-1 increases the expression of Gal R2 in PC12 phaeochromocytoma cells. However, whether ETS-1 has an antidepressant-like effect is still unclear. In this study, we found that chronic mild stress(CMS) decreased the expression of both ETS-1 and Gal R2 in the ventral hippocampus of rats. Meanwhile,we demonstrated that overexpression of ETS-1 increased the expression of Gal R2 in primary hippocampal neurons.Importantly, we showed that overexpression of ETS-1 in the ventral hippocampus counteracted the depression-like behaviors of CMS rats. Furthermore, we found that overexpression of ETS-1 increased the level of downstream phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2(p-ERK1/2) of Gal R2 in the ventral hippocampus of CMS rats. Taken together, our findings suggest that ETS-1 has an antidepressant-like effect in rats,which might be mediated by increasing the level of Gal R2 and its downstream p-ERK1/2 in the ventral hippocampus. | Hanjiang Luo Zijin Liu Bo Liu Hui Li Yutao Yang Zhi-Qing David Xu | 2019 | Neuroscience Bulletin2019，35，6： | 5 |
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