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| 1 | Transformative hyaluronic acid-based active targeting supramolecular nanoplatform improves long circulation and enhances cellular uptake in cancer therapy显示文摘Hyaluronic acid(HA) is a natural ligand of tumor-targeted drug delivery systems(DDS) due to the relevant CD44 receptor overexpressed on tumor cell membranes. However, other HA receptors(HARE and LYVE-1) are also overexpressing in the reticuloendothelial system(RES). Therefore,polyethylene glycol(PEG) modification of HA-based DDS is necessary to reduce RES capture.Unfortunately, pegylation remarkably inhibits tumor cellular uptake and endosomal escapement,significantly compromising the in vivo antitumor efficacy. Herein, we developed a Dox-loaded HA-based transformable supramolecular nanoplatform(Dox/HCVBP) to overcome this dilemma. Dox/HCVBP contains a tumor extracellular acidity-sensitive detachable PEG shell achieved by a benzoic imine linkage.The in vitro and in vivo investigations further demonstrated that Dox/HCVBP could be in a 'stealth' state at blood stream for a long circulation time due to the buried HA ligands and the minimized nonspecific interaction by PEG shell. However, it could transform into a 'recognition' state under the tumor acidic microenvironment for efficient tumor cellular uptake due to the direct exposure of active targeting ligand HA following PEG shell detachment. Such a transformative concept provides a promising strategy to resolve the dilemma of natural ligand-based DDS with conflicting two processes of tumor cellular uptake and in vivo nonspecific biodistribution. | Lu Zhong Lu Xu Yanying Liu Qingsong Li Dongyang Zhao Zhenbao Li Huicong Zhang Haotian Zhang Qiming Kan Yongjun Wang Jin Sun Zhonggui He | 2019 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2019，9，2： | 7 |
| 2 | Monty Hall Dilemma的困难原因探讨显示文摘采用Monty Hall Dilemma的经典研究范式,探讨了大学生被试在不同提示条件下对MHD问题的解决情况,结果发现只有在条件关系提示下,MHD的作业成绩才得到了明显的改善,但是正确率也只有35.7%。这表明MHD问题困难的原因很可能是多方面的,如认为主持人的行为完全是随机事件,很难意识到参与者的最初选择与主持人打开特定盒子间的三种条件关系;多数被试作出选择的理由是非理性的,如“坚持第一选择,相信自己的直觉”;不能正确判断MHD问题的内在概率关系以及缺乏认真思考的动力等。 | 邱江 张庆林 | 2006 | 心理科学2006，29，1： | 5 |
| 3 | The Belt and Road Initiative: China's Grand Diplomacy and Its International Significance显示文摘With the official implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative,China has developed its grand diplomacy featuring'two pillars'(new type of major-country relationship and the Belt and Road Initiative)and'one circle'(peripheral diplomacy).The international strategic significance of the Belt and Road Initiative is reflected in the following two aspects:breaking through the security dilemma among nations,and assuming the responsibilities of a ma- | Zheng Yongnian Zhang Chi | 2016 | Contemporary World2016，，2： | 2 |
| 4 | Immune checkpoint therapy for solid tumours: clinical dilemmas and future trends显示文摘Immune-checkpoint inhibitors(ICBs),in addition to targeting CTLA-4,PD-1,and PD-L1,novel targeting LAG-3 drugs have also been approved in clinical application.With the widespread use of the drug,we must deeply analyze the dilemma of the agents and seek a breakthrough in the treatment prospect.Over the past decades,these agents have demonstrated dramatic efficacy,especially in patients with melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Nonetheless,in the field of a broad concept of solid tumours,non-specific indications,inseparable immune response and side effects,unconfirmed progressive disease,and complex regulatory networks of immune resistance are four barriers that limit its widespread application.Fortunately,the successful clinical trials of novel ICB agents and combination therapies,the advent of the era of oncolytic virus gene editing,and the breakthrough of the technical barriers of mRNA vaccines and nano-delivery systems have made remarkable breakthroughs currently.In this review,we enumerate the mechanisms of each immune checkpoint targets,associations between ICB with tumour mutation burden,key immune regulatory or resistance signalling pathways,the specific clinical evidence of the efficacy of classical targets and new targets among different tumour types and put forward dialectical thoughts on drug safety.Finally,we discuss the importance of accurate triage of ICB based on recent advances in predictive biomarkers and diagnostic testing techniques. | Qian Sun Zhenya Hong Cong Zhang Liangliang Wang Zhiqiang Han Ding Ma | 2023 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2023，8，9： | 2 |
| 5 | Comments on 'After Apple-Picking'显示文摘The poem describes a farmer's dilemma after apple-picking.Actually,it is a perplexity between the real world and the ideal world.The article analyzes the poem from four aspects:the introduction of the writer,the content,the structure and the versification. | 霍丽蓉 | 2012 | 海外英语2012，，1X： | 1 |
| 6 | The Status Quo, Dilemma and Path Innovation of the Citizenization of the New Generation of Migrant Workers显示文摘The citizenization of the new generation of migrant workers is the only way to promote China’s urbanization.Based on the development status of the new generation of migrant workers,this paper summarizes the difficulties encountered in the four aspects of employment,housing,social security and the education of migrant workers'children in the process of citizenization,finally explores four innovative ways of citizenization of the new generation of migrant workers,such as,strengthening vocational skills training to improve the employment quality of the new generation of migrant workers,improving the housing security mechanism to ensure that they have a place to live,improving the social security system to safeguard that they can be treated for their illnesses and the elderly,improving the distribution of educational resources to promote fair education for the children of them. | Nannan Ge | 2020 | Journal of Finance Research2020，4，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Consumer Behavior Analysis under the 'Lemon Dilemma' in the Market of Agricultural Products显示文摘Based on the introduction of the connotation of 'lemon market' and the phenomenon of 'lemon' in the market of agricultural products,the consumers' behaviors in the 'lemon market' of agricultural products are analyzed.Firstly,consumers feel unfair in their minds in the process of negotiation;secondly,the purchase decision rule tends to be simplified in the 'lemon market' of agricultural products;thirdly,the consumers tend to follow the masses in the 'lemon market' of agricultural products.The economics significance of the impact of 'lemon dilemma' of agricultural products on consumers is analyzed.The causes of the impact are analyzed from two aspects the uncertainty of collecting the information of agricultural information and the uncertainty of using the agricultural information.The suggestions and countermeasures are put forward in order to solve the 'lemon' problems in agricultural market.In the first place,the excellent mechanism for producing the information of agricultural products should be constructed;in the second place,the government should encourage the multi-channel,multi-form and multi-level operation mode of agricultural products,to promote the optimization of market functions;in the third place,the government should widen the channel of information dissemination for agricultural products and establish the high efficiency feedback path;in the fourth place,the traditional thought pattern of consumers should be changed,so as to promote the healthy,orderly and benign development of agricultural products market. | LI Ying Hebei Software Institute,Baoding 071000,China | 2010 | Asian Agricultural Research2010，2，11： | 1 |
| 8 | Challenges and suggestions of Chinese rapeseed industry显示文摘Rapeseed industry is a central link in edible oil production, and plays a key role in edible oil safety. In order to resolve current problems of Chinese rapeseed industry, suggestions were put forward by combing present situation, prediction and practicable strategies of rapeseed industry. Challenges in Chinese rapeseed industry were analyzed, which included competition from international company; separation between breeding, popularization, and market demand; backward breeding model and R&D(research and development) in enterprise; lack of effective market regulation. Suggestions were made to improve rapeseed industry. First, comprehensive and rational modern rapeseed industry scientific development view should be applied in regional distribution of rapeseed production. Second, rapeseed breeding of China should coordinated and a platform should be formed for breeding innovation. Third, rapeseed multifunctional development and utilization need to be improved to meet the new consumption demand. At last, market supervision must be strengthened to ensure the sustainability and healthy development of seed industry. This paper provided theoretical references for rapeseed breeding and production applications, and established a solid foundation for rapeseed production and popularization in China. | Xiangxiang Zhang Meiyan Hong Lixia Luo Ruixing Guo | 2019 | Oil Crop Science2019，4，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Analysis of Institutional Dilemma of Forest Property Mortgage Loan显示文摘Forest property mortgage opens up a new financing channel to revitalize forest resources assets, but there are many restrictions to forest property mortgage loan from relevant legal norms and practices concerning mortgage loan policies.The paper analyzed the institutional dilemma of forest property mortgage loan in accordance with relevant laws and policies,and then made the recommendations,in order to provide a meaningful reference to perfect forest property mortgage loan. | Ding Haijuan Liu Xinyu | 2012 | Chinese Forestry Science and Technology2012，11，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Analyzing driver's response to yellow indication subjected to dilemma incursion under mixed traffic condition显示文摘Under mixed traffic conditions prevailing on Indian roads,drivers show complex response when faced with yellow signal because lane assignment gets dynamic in nature.The present study analyzes the effect of surrounding vehicles on response of the drivers while facing dilemma at intersections.Although dilemma zone definitions hold true in case of homogeneous traffic mix,a statistical analysis is performed to check the consistency across the definitions under mixed traffic condition.Present study shows a significant difference in percentage of red light running in comparison to homogeneous traffic as reported by various studies.For carrying out the research,study locations are chosen in such a way to reflect diversity in road geometry,traffic composition and signal characteristics.The results deduced in this study indicate a strong correlation between the driver's decision making choice and the effect of presence of surrounding vehicle at the onset of yellow signal.The effect of critical time analysis has been found out to be one of the parameters other than critical distance in categorizing driver's aggressiveness while facing the yellow signal.In the process of identifying the statistical significance of dilemma zone definitions,it has been found that under heterogeneous traffic condition,drivers behave differently as compared to homogenous traffic when it comes to dilemma zone.It is observed that the percentage of vehicles crossing the intersection when faced with dilemma by violating the red light is 11.6%according to dilemma zone definition I whereas the definition II has yielded about 10.8%violation covering different vehicle types.The above violation figures derived based on the above definition is somewhat higher as compared to homogeneous traffic condition which is observed to be of the order of 5%-6%. | Ramesh Chandra Majhi Velmurugan Senathipathi | 2021 | Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition)2021，8，1： | 1 |
| 11 | A Study on the Difficulties in the Diffusion of A Foolish Old Man Tries to Remove Two Mountains from the Perspective of the Media Ecology Theory : Saying from Xi Murong Calling for the Removal of 'A Foolish Old Man Tries to Remove Two Mountains' from Chinese Textbooks of Secondary School显示文摘When Taiwan s famous poet and painter Xi Murong answered a Nankai University student s question that'is value more important or technology more important in the process of saving ecology',she said,'if our heart is greedy,the fate of civilization is terrible'.Xi Murong called for the removal of'A Foolish Old Man Tries to Remove Two Mountains'from Chinese textbooks of the secondary school.The'red'interpretation of A Foolish Old Man Tries to Remove Two Mountains by Mao Zedong should be regarded as a special'metaphor'in special era and circumstances.Of course,it has its own special value.In a sense,it is a'masterpiece'of'A Foolish Old Man Tries to Remove Two Mountains'.However,after the founding of the PRC,especially after the reform and opening up,the story of'A Foolish Old Man Tries to Remove Two Mountains'still has been retained in Chinese textbooks of secondary school as a revolutionary'Bible',and it is necessary to re-rational view.The opinions of experts and scholars are integrated,and the ecological concept of media should be people-oriented,green,low-carbon,comprehensive and harmonious sustainable communication.Based on the theory of media ecology,A Foolish Old Man Tries to Remove Two Mountains is considered.It is thought that the current communication of A Foolish Old Man Tries to Remove Two Mountains has encountered unprecedented ecological dilemma:first,the plight of political ecology;second,the plight of scientific ecology;third,the dilemma of educational ecology.Xi Jinping,general secretary said well,'we need invaluable assets,as well as clean water and green mountains',to keep beautiful homesickness for ourselves and green mountains and clean water for the future generations.This is the true meaning of deeply reflecting on the story of'A Foolish Old Man Tries to Remove Two Mountains'. | Minqiang CHANG Yiming CHANG Licheng LIU | 2020 | Meteorological and Environmental Research2020，11，6： | 0 |
| 12 | Difficulties and Breakthrough Strategies in the Team Construction of Part-time Teachers in Application-oriented Universities显示文摘Strengthening the team construction of part-time teachers is required by the transformation and development of the universities,the realization of their goals of being developed into an application-oriented universities and their talent cultivation and long-term development.The existing problem regarding the part-time teachers in current application-oriented universities are the low proportion of part-time teachers,a shortage of high level parttime teachers,the absence of relevant laws and regulations,a lack of systematic policies or financial support for part-time teachers as well as the unsound management mechanism with insufficient scientific and reasonable employment scheme for part-time teachers.To strengthen the team construction of the part-time teachers in application-oriented universities,firstly we should improve the existing laws,regulations and policies and broaden the financial support channels.Secondly,we should develop the recruitment channels for part-time teachers and pay attention to introducing high-tech and highly-skilled talents.Thirdly,we should improve the management over part-time teachers and promote their value.Fourthly,it should adopt a people-oriented management concept and establish an effective evaluation and incentive mechanism for part-time teachers. | Shijie Wang | 2021 | Review of Educational Theory2021，4，4： | 0 |
| 13 | PARENTS' DILEMMA显示文摘Families are beginning to wonder whether their young children are paying too high a price to achieve superior test scores Ye Youxue has encountered problems in educating his only son, Ye Zi, since the boy entered primary school last September. 'I adopted a hands-off approach to my son's preschool education, without forcing him to attend prep classes of Chinese or English like many of his peers,' said Ye, adding that he had not expected that policy to backfire. In Zi's class, most children had attended cl... | By TANG YUANKAI | 2006 | Beijing Review2006，49，23： | 0 |
| 14 | Acrylamide: the new dilemma in food safety显示文摘Acrylamide has been brought to the world attention in 2002 with the information that it was found contaminated in many heat treated carbohydrate rich foods. This creates a lot of concern worldwide since the appearance of Aflatoxins many decades ago. The dilemma occurs as the heat treated carbohydrate rich foods are being consumed by population around the world while the high in complex carbohydrate diet is being promoted by international organizations as FAO and WHO in the effort for the prevention of some chronic diseases. | S SRIANUJATA | 2006 | 中国药理学与毒理学杂志2006，20，3： | 0 |
| 15 | The Dilemma in the Judicial Determination of Justifiable Defense and Its Solution显示文摘When important social rights and interests of any citizens cannot be protected by public power in time,they can adopt extreme means to protect personal interests from infringement by criminal act.However,in judicial practice,some defensive behavior maintaining personal legal rights and interests,even some brave acts for a just cause,are deemed to be over defense or intentional crime.Looking at the actual situation of judicial practice in China,the number of cases identified as justifiable defense is even less.In the face of such judicial dilemma,scientific judicial concept shall be established in the judicial practice so as to accurately explain and apply to the provisions of laws and judicial interpretations related to justifiable defense.Through formation of authoritative cases,interpret the constitution conditions of justifiable defense,form binding judicial rules and strictly distinguish between justifiable defense,excessive defense and intentional crime so as to restrain subsequent similar cases. | Zhang Xiangyu | 2020 | 学术界2020，，10： | 0 |
| 16 | Conditions Where the Ruled Class Unites for the Revolution:Applicability of a Game Theory on Social Dilemmas显示文摘Revolutions,typical cases of crucial social transformations,cannot be realized successfully without a large number of activists.Therefore,creating conditions favorable for acquiring enough participants should be an important topic of Marxist social science.In particular,this problem includes the “free-ride,” because the benefits of revolutionaries’ activities are gained not only by the activists but also by all other members.The paper analyzes problems such as this one,applying non-cooperative game theory to social dilemma problems.This leads to some interesting results.In this research,the problem of the workers’ choice between unity or freeride is first defined using numerical examples of the gain structure.It is defined again in a more generalized form using other parameters.In so doing,we express both the cost of participating in the movement and the gains from the concession of the ruling class.Because this analysis focuses on the importance of the number of participants,the concession of the ruling class is framed as a function of the number of participants.The results of this analysis revealed that the economic base and superstructure accurately correspond in some game structures but not in others.In other words,the social dilemma presents either as a case of prisoners’ dilemma or as a chicken game.Furthermore,this paper analyzes the influence of group size,and it was revealed that groups with a large number of members,such as a ruled class,find it particularly difficult to unite.This phenomenon is called the “large group dilemma.” In these ways,this research shows that the aforementioned type of game theory can be used to analyze the difficulties and possibilities of social movements. | Hiroshi Onishi | 2019 | 学术界2019，，6： | 0 |
| 17 | The Dilemma of the Times and the Remolding of the Way of Model Education显示文摘As a general method of ideological and political education,model education has played an irreplaceable role in Chinese history.But in this pluralistic social background,it has been questioned and misinterpreted by more and more people,and the role model of traditional model education is gradually weakening.Model Education contributes to the construction of a harmonious socialist society and is an important channel to promote the all-round development of human beings and realize the harmony of interpersonal relations.Combing the theory of model education,endowing it with new connotation of the times,analyzing the situation of the current development and reshaping the new educational path,it plays an inestimable role in the development of individuals and society,it also contributes to the innovation of ideological and political education methods and provides a reference for the overall development of model education. | Xiaojuan Wang | 2020 | Journal of Contemporary Educational Research2020，4，9： | 0 |
| 18 | China and US Strategic Choices and China’s Relations with Its Neighbors显示文摘Strategic competition between China and the United States has gradually intensified while the relationship between China and neighboring countries has stabilized.The implementation of an ' America First'policy along with a decline in US strategic credibility is prompting China's neighbors to adopt a more cooperative stance toward China.China's positive response to those gestures and its continued strategic reassurance improve China's strategic credibility.Allaying their security concerns lays a foundation for continuous improvement of China's neighboring security environment.It is imperative for China to grasp this opportunity to resolve disputes with its neighbors to ease its rise dilemma. | Sun Xuefeng Zhang Xikun | 2019 | Contemporary International Relations2019，29，5： | 0 |
| 19 | The Wa Wushu Research on Lancang River Basin显示文摘In the upper reaches of Mekong River, it is Lancang River that brought up one of the most ancient minority— Wa people. Although it has less population, the river of its history runs a long course from a remote source, especially the combination between the Wa culture and the other culture that made it more profound and unique. The martial arts of the Wa plays a important historical role in the ethnic groups, it is invested with Wa people’s virtue and patriotism. However, in the impact of different culture, the martial arts of the Wa is facing a tough lost crisis. Therefore, to study the martial arts of the Wa is vital to the nation and to the country, and its past life, present dilemma as well as future inherit opportunity, all of these will be the important topics in the article. | Wang Youfeng Liao Yongxiang Zhou Zheng | 2016 | International Journal of Technology Management2016，，5： | 0 |
| 20 | 商用车4S店模式的困局与发展显示文摘据相关统计数据显示,截至2009年,全国有汽车4s店就已经接近1.5万家.从1998年第一家广州本田4S店建立,11年的时间诞生了15000家4S店.毫无疑问,这种渠道模式已经成为乘用车的主流销售模式.而商用车的第一家销售店何时出现,已经无从查找了.但是我们可以确定的是,销售店的模式也正在成为商用车(卡车)的主要渠道模式了.乘用车终端的4S模式在中国市场中发展得如火如荼,虽然一再有专家质疑这种模式的未来发展,但是起码现在是大兴其道,而且在可以预见的五到十年之内仍将是主流.所谓4S'四位一体'的销售模式,就是把整车销售、配件供应、售后服务、信息反馈一体化(也有些品牌的专卖店叫3S店).由于特许经销商对汽车生产厂商的种种权利和义务,使得4S具有促进销售、利于提高特约店专业服务水平、树立良好的企业形象、增强顾客对产品信心等种种优势.1998年当广汽本田第一次把这种模式引进中国时,其市场优势和公众认可程度是其它模式无法比拟的. | 曲涛 | 2010 | 汽车与配件2010，，39： | 0 |
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