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| 1 | 不同比例尺DEM提取地面坡度的精度研究——以在黄土丘陵沟壑区的试验为例显示文摘以陕北绥德县韭园沟流域为试验样区 ,采用高精度 1∶ 1万 DEM所提取的坡度为准值 ,应用多层面复合分析和比较分析的方法 ,研究该地区 1∶ 5万 DEM提取地面坡度的误差特征与纠正方法。试验结果显示 ,所获得的不同空间尺度下 DEM所提取坡度值的转换图谱 ,可对 1∶ 5万 DEM计算的地面坡度统计值进行有效修正。该成果对于 DEM数据在水土保持领域若干应用标准的制定 。 | 汤国安 杨勤科 张勇 刘咏梅 刘新华 | 2001 | 水土保持通报2001，21，1： | 100 |
| 2 | 中国地形起伏度的提取及在水土流失定量评价中的应用显示文摘基于全国 1:10 0万的栅格数字高程模型 ( DEM)数据 ,在 ARC/ INFO的 GRID模块支持下 ,利用窗口分析方法 ,经过采样统计 ,确定中国水土流失地形起伏度的最佳分析窗口大小为 5 km× 5 km;基于 5 km× 5 km的分析窗口 ,提取了中国水土流失地形起伏度 ,完成了中国水土流失地形起伏度制图 ;最后对中国水土流失地形起伏度进行了适用性分析 。 | 刘新华 杨勤科 汤国安 | 2001 | 水土保持通报2001，21，1： | 212 |
| 3 | 数字高程模型地形描述精度量化模拟研究显示文摘在首先提出数字高程模型 ( DEM)地形描述误差 ( Et)概念的基础上 ,以我国 5个不同地貌类型区为试验样区 ,采用比较分析的方法 ,研究 DEM地形描述误差的成因、影响因素、量测方法以及误差的数学模拟途径。统计分析的结果证明 DEM地形描述误差与 DEM空间分辨率及其地面粗糙度之间存在着线性相关关系 ,回归分析结果显示 ,DEM地形描述误差 Et的均方差 RMS值可以表达为 DEM水平分辨率 ( R)与地面垂直曲率 ( V)的函数 :RMS Et=( 0 .0 0 63 V+0 .0 0 66) R-0 .0 2 2 V+0 .2 41 5。该结果可用以估算所建立的 DEM的地形描述精度 ,也为确定适宜的 DEM分辨率提供了理论依据。 | 汤国安 龚健雅 陈正江 成燕辉 王占宏 | 2001 | 测绘学报2001，30，4： | 152 |
| 4 | 黄土丘陵沟壑区1∶1万及1∶5万比例尺DEM地形信息容量对比显示文摘黄土丘陵沟壑区地形变化异常复杂 ,1∶5万地形图对原始 1∶1万地形图等高线形态综合、取舍程度很大 ,这些都在不同程度上影响了地形分析结果的准确性。以高精度的 1∶1万比例尺DEM为校准值 ,运用 1∶1万及 1∶5万比例尺DEM叠合比较分析的方法 ,研究 1∶5万DEM的地形信息容量及提取不同地形要素的精度。试验结果表明 ,在黄土丘陵区 ,与 1∶1万DEM相比 ,1∶5万DEM在所提取的地面坡度、地面曲率、沟壑量等地形定量指标方面均都存在着较大的误差。 | 汤国安 陈楠 刘咏梅 张友顺 陈正江 | 2001 | 水土保持通报2001，21，2： | 33 |
| 5 | 多源信息融合数字模型显示文摘研究结果表明 ,在目前基础条件下 ,多源信息融合数字模型的实现需要解决现行数字地面模型和空间插值模型的误差问题、点—面信息有效融合问题、多尺度转换问题和多维GIS面临的理论问题。建立多源信息融合数字模型的基本步骤可归纳为 :(a)建立基于曲面论数字模型的基本方程 ,(b)运用遥感数据反演数字模型的首次近似表达形式 ,(c)如果有更新信息 ,重复以上过程 。 | 岳天祥 刘纪远 | 2001 | 世界科技研究与发展2001，23，5： | 26 |
| 6 | Research on the slope spectrum of the Loess Plateau显示文摘A new concept dealing with digital analysis of loess terrain,slope spectrum,is presented and discussed in this paper,by introducing its characteristic,represen-tation and extracting method from DEMs. Using 48 geomorphological units in dif-ferent parts of the loess as test areas and 5 m-resolution DEMs as original test data,the quantitative depiction and spatial distribution of slope spectrum in China's Loess Plateau have been studied on the basis of a series of carefully-designed experiments. In addition,initial experiment indicates a strong relationship between the slope spectrum and the loess landform types,displaying a potential importance of the slope spectrum in geomorphological studies. Based on the slope spectrums derived from the 25 m-resolution DEM data in whole loess terrain in northern part of Shaanxi,13 slope spectrum indices were extracted and integrated into a compre-hensive layer with image integration method. Based on that,a series of unsuper-vised classifications was applied in order to make a landform classification in northern Shaanxi Loess Plateau. Experimental results show that the slope spec-trum analysis is an effective method in revealing the macro landform features. A continuous change of slope spectrum from south to north in northern Shaanxi Loess Plateau shows an obvious spatial distribution of different loess landforms. This also proves the great significance of the slope spectrum method in describing the terrain roughness and landform evolution as well as a further understanding on landform genesis and spatial distribution rule of different landforms in the Loess Plateau. | TANG GuoAn,LI FaYuan,LIU XueJun,LONG Yi & YANG Xin Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment,Nanjing Normal University,Ministry of Education,Nanjing 210046,China | 2008 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2008，51，S1： | 22 |
| 7 | 基于1∶25万DEM昆明地区地貌形态特征分析显示文摘地貌作为地理信息的重要贡献组成要素,它决定着自然地理单元的形成和地面物质与能量的再分配.该研究利用GIS图像处理技术方法,通过对昆明地区1∶25万数字高程模型数据进行处理,提取了研究区有关坡度、坡向、地形起伏度等的地貌特征要素,并进行定位表达与特征统计分析,结果获得了对本区地貌特征的定位与定量化的总体认识,为研究区的农业规划、水土流失、土壤侵蚀、地质灾害等研究提供了新的空间信息基础平台. | 王雷 朱杰勇 周燕 | 2007 | 昆明理工大学学报(理工版)2007，32，1： | 19 |
| 8 | Simulation on slope uncertainty derived from DEMs at different resolution levels:a case study in the Loess Plateau显示文摘Slope is one of the crucial terrain variables in spatial analysis and land use planning, especially in the Loess Plateau area of China which is suffering from serious soil erosion. DEM based slope extracting method has been widely accepted and applied in practice. However slope accuracy derived from this method usually does not match with its popularity. A quantitative simulation to slope data uncertainty is important not only theoretically but also necessarily to applications. This paper focuses on how resolution and terrain complexity impact on the accuracy of mean slope extracted from DEMs of different resolutions in the Loess Plateau of China. Six typical geomorphologic areas are selected as test areas, representing different terrain types from smooth to rough. Their DEMs are produced from digitizing contours of 1:10,000 scale topographic maps. Field survey results show that 5 m should be the most suitable grid size for representing slope in the Loess Plateau area. Comparative and math-simulation methodology was employed for data processing and analysis. A linear correlativity between mean slope and DEM resolution was found at all test areas, but their regression coefficients related closely with the terrain complexity of the test areas. If taking stream channel density to represent terrain complexity, mean slope error could be regressed against DEM resolution (X) and stream channel density (S) at 8 resolution levels and expressed as(0.0015S2+0.031S-0.0325)X-0.0045S2-0.155S+0.1625, with a R2 value of over 0.98. Practical tests also show an effective result of this model in applications. The new development methodology applied in this study should be helpful to similar researches in spatial data uncertainty investigation. | TANGGuoan ZHAOMudan LITianwen LIUYongmei ZHANGTing | 2003 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2003，13，4： | 9 |
| 9 | 藏北高原区DEM高程与坡度值提取的误差分析显示文摘高程是数字高程模型(DEM)的基本信息,坡度是DEM进行地形分析的重要描述性因子之一。选取藏北高原区为研究区域,在实测GPS高程值和实测坡度数据的基础上,对SRTM与ASTER GDEM高程值和提取的坡度进行了误差分析。研究表明:(1)SRTM和ASTER GDEM在采集高程值时误差较小,二者与实测值之间的Pearson相关系数分别为0.975和0.994,中误差(RMSE)为57.381和31.106,精度比率(AR)为2.089和1.976,相对平均误差(R_ME)为1.1%和0.7%;(2)SRTM提取坡度的误差较大,而ASTER GDEM提取的坡度误差较小,二者与实测值之间的Pearson相关系数分别为0.878和0.946,中误差(RMSE)为4.014和2.395,精度比率(AR)为1.238和1.034,相对平均误差(R_ME)为21.5%和5.5%;(3)频率累计坡谱能直观地表现DEM提取坡度的误差大小。 | 刘飞 范建容 郭芬芬 张怀珍 | 2011 | 水土保持通报2011，31，6： | 6 |
| 10 | The impact of resolution on the accuracy of hydrologic data derived from DEMs显示文摘Hydrologic data derived from digital elevation models (DEM) has been regarded as an effective method in the spatial analysis of geographical information systems (GIS). However, both DEM resolution and terrain complexity has impacts on the accuracy of hydrologic derivatives. In this study, a multi-resolution and multi-relief comparative approach was used as a major methodology to investigate the accuracy of hydrologic data derived from DEMs. The experiment reveals that DEM terrain representation error affects the accuracy of DEM hydrological derivatives (drainage networks and watershed etc.). Coarser DEM resolutions can usually cause worse results. However, uncertain result commonly exists in this calculation. The derivative errors can be found closely related with DEM vertical resolution and terrain roughness. DEM vertical resolution can be found closely related with the accuracy of DEM hydrological derivatives, especially in the smooth plain area. If the mean slope is less than 4 degrees, the derived hydrologic data are usually unreliable. This result may be helpful in estimating the accuracy of the hydrologic derivatives and determining the DEM resolution that is appropriate to the accuracy requirement of a particular user. By applying a threshold value to subset the cells of a higher accumulation flow, a stream network of a specific network density can be extracted. Some very important geomorphologic characteristics, e.g., shallow and deep gullies, can be separately extracted by means of adjusting the threshold value. However, such a flow accumulation- based processing method can not correctly derive those streams that pass through the working area because it is hard to accumulate enough flow direction values to express the stream channels at the stream’s entrance area. Consequently, errors will definitely occur at the stream抯 entrance area. In addition, erroneous derivatives can also be found in deriving some particular rivers, e.g., perched (hanging up) rivers, anastomosing rivers and braided rivers. Therefore, more work should be done to develop and perfect the algorithms. | Tang Guo-an Hui Yang-he Josef Strobl Liu Wang-qing | 2001 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2001，11，4： | 3 |
| 11 | 一种高精度的格网数字高程模型自适应分层显示方法显示文摘数字高程模型(Digital Elevation Model,简称DEM)是一种常用的表示地形起伏的数字化模型,本文在总结传统DEM显示方法的基础上,提出了一种自适应的高精度格网式DEM分层显示方法。将等高线法与分层设色法相结合,通过RGB颜色空间各个通道的分层及各层的组合,把DEM各个格网点根据高程映射到RGB颜色空间进行显示。试验表明,该方法继承了等高线法和分层设色法的优点,可以自动得到比传统二维显示方法更精细的三维立体视觉效果。 | 张翰超 王树根 金姣 陈奇 孙明伟 | 2015 | 测绘与空间地理信息2015，38，6： | 1 |
| 12 | 半干旱煤矿排土场边坡侵蚀与植物配置关系显示文摘煤矿排土场进行生态修复要考虑复垦成本,为探究水土保持效益最高的植物配置模式,以胜利矿区南排土场复垦区内不同植物配置的3个代表性区域为监测对象.采用无人机遥感技术,掌握监测区的植被高度、植被盖度及叶面积指数等参数信息,并提取监测区的土壤侵蚀量,得到边坡侵蚀与植物配置的关系.结果表明:边坡植被盖度与土壤侵蚀模数有很强的负相关性,R=0.843,抗土壤侵蚀边际效益最高的区间为30%~40%植被覆盖度,侵蚀控制能力与灌木和多年生草本的比例呈正相关关系,由此得出监测区的最优植被配置,从而为确定合适的优势物种及植被覆盖度、排土场水土流失防治提供理论依据. | 闫石 朱国庆 王党朝 卢洁 尚志 忠程伟 刘峰 王维忠 李娟 | 2022 | 湖南科技大学学报(自然科学版)2022，37，3： | 1 |
| 13 | 基于两种比例尺坡度的精度分析——以农牧交错带为例显示文摘通过比较黄甫川地区1∶5万比例尺和1∶25万比例尺的坡度图,对其误差进行定性分析和定量研究,得到这2种比例尺生成的坡度的相关关系为:y=0.004 3+6.911 9x-80.78x2+327.408x3,同时计算了农牧交错带和黄甫川两地的地形指数关系:q=-0.007 6+1.617 7p-1.091 5p3,在消除地形差异的基础上推出整个农牧交错带的坡度,实现了同一地区不同比例尺之间的坡度转换,大大提高了小比例尺坡度的精度,为国家退牧还草工作提供了理论依据. | 田国珍 王平 王爱玲 李景刚 陈学文 廖通逵 李向荣 赵霞 | 2006 | 北京师范大学学报(自然科学版)2006，42，3： | 1 |
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