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| 1 | 流域水系自动提取的方法和应用显示文摘讨论由栅格数字高程模型(DEM)自动提取流域水系的原理和方法,并以西苕溪中上游流域为研究区进行了河网生成实验. 研究表明:在山地丘陵区和平均地形坡度不小于3°的区域,所生成河网具有很高的可靠性. 为了解决在平均地形坡度小于3°的平坦区域河网生成中产生的虚拟河网与自然水系偏差较大的问题,提出了利用主干河道和平原水系数字化作为约束条件的生成河网的方法,取得了与实际情况比较接近的结果,从而使水文要素的模拟更具有实际意义. | 李昌峰 冯学智 赵锐 | 2003 | 湖泊科学2003，15，3： | 73 |
| 2 | Simulation on slope uncertainty derived from DEMs at different resolution levels:a case study in the Loess Plateau显示文摘Slope is one of the crucial terrain variables in spatial analysis and land use planning, especially in the Loess Plateau area of China which is suffering from serious soil erosion. DEM based slope extracting method has been widely accepted and applied in practice. However slope accuracy derived from this method usually does not match with its popularity. A quantitative simulation to slope data uncertainty is important not only theoretically but also necessarily to applications. This paper focuses on how resolution and terrain complexity impact on the accuracy of mean slope extracted from DEMs of different resolutions in the Loess Plateau of China. Six typical geomorphologic areas are selected as test areas, representing different terrain types from smooth to rough. Their DEMs are produced from digitizing contours of 1:10,000 scale topographic maps. Field survey results show that 5 m should be the most suitable grid size for representing slope in the Loess Plateau area. Comparative and math-simulation methodology was employed for data processing and analysis. A linear correlativity between mean slope and DEM resolution was found at all test areas, but their regression coefficients related closely with the terrain complexity of the test areas. If taking stream channel density to represent terrain complexity, mean slope error could be regressed against DEM resolution (X) and stream channel density (S) at 8 resolution levels and expressed as(0.0015S2+0.031S-0.0325)X-0.0045S2-0.155S+0.1625, with a R2 value of over 0.98. Practical tests also show an effective result of this model in applications. The new development methodology applied in this study should be helpful to similar researches in spatial data uncertainty investigation. | TANGGuoan ZHAOMudan LITianwen LIUYongmei ZHANGTing | 2003 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2003，13，4： | 9 |
| 3 | 那陵格勒河山谷段数字流域特征提取与流域调蓄能力初探显示文摘流域特征的精确提取对深入研究流域水文过程和水资源管理至关重要。利用DEM数据进行数字流域特征分析,尤其在难以进入、地形复杂的无资料山区,可高效精准地提取、统计和研究地貌和水系特征。基于ArcGIS实验平台,利用DEM数据,从流域产汇流形成以及洪水调蓄角度对那陵格勒河山谷段进行流域特征提取。结论如下:1)流域地貌特征表明产汇流面较大,地面侵蚀过程较强,重力侵蚀过程较弱。2)流域水系为狭长形弯曲河道,主河道比降小。实际沟谷网络密度为1.71~2.32km/km^2。3)流域地貌特征使子流域的沟谷集水面广量大且速度快,易形成大的径流汇入主河道;但流域水系特征可降低主河道汇流速度,延长;12流时间,有利调蓄,洪峰不易集中。 | 杨晓云 赖忠平 安福元 常秋芳 芦宝良 | 2015 | 盐湖研究2015，23，2： | 0 |
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