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| 1 | Challenges of evaluating immunotherapy efficacy in solid tumors显示文摘Immunotherapy is one of the most promising treatments for multiple tumor types.The significant clinical benefits and durable responses of immunotherapy have led to the emergence of various immune-related clinical response patterns that extend beyond those achieved with cytotoxic agents.Various studies investigated the efficacy of immunotherapy,including the effect on tumor size,long-term survival benefits,and the ability to overcome the particularly challenging survival curves tailing phenomenon.The current immune-related methods guidelines,such as immune-related Response Criteria(irRC),immune-related Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors(irRECIST),immune Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors(iRECIST),and immune-modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors(imRECIST),could be well-adapted to identify the heterogeneity of responses that appear in patients receiving immunotherapy,such as pseudoprogression(PsPD)and hyperprogressive disease(HPD),and to some extent to overcome the limitation of evaluating the efficacy of immunotherapy on tumor size by imaging.Additionally,a second type of evaluation method was proposed based on survival,which includes milestone analysis and restricted mean survival time.Currently,milestone analysis is a complementary tool to summarize and interpret trial results along with more conventional measures of survival and other less established metrics.A golden standard evaluation method to distinguish the efficacy of immunotherapy may improve the process of imaging and aid survival-based efficacy evaluation in patients with solid tumors. | Rilan Bai Wenqian Li Nawen Du Jiuwei Cui | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2019，31，6： | 8 |
| 2 | Analysis of characteristics and predictive factors of immune checkpoint inhibitor-related adverse events显示文摘Objective:We aimed to retrospectively analyze the toxicity profiles and predictors of immune-related adverse events(irAEs)as well as the correlation between irAEs and the clinical efficacy of multi-type immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)in patients with advanced pan-cancer in a real-world setting.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed data from 105 patients with advanced pan-cancer treated with multi-type ICIs at the First Hospital of Jilin University between January 1,2016 and August 1,2020.We used logistic regression analyses to investigate the associations of irAEs with clinical baseline characteristics,blood count parameters,and biochemical indicators during treatment.Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine cutoff values for parameters and area under the curve values.Kaplan–Meier and Cox multivariate regression analyses were performed to estimate the relationships of baseline characteristics and irAEs with progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS).Results:A lower relative lymphocyte count(cutoff=28.5%),higher albumin level(cutoff=39.05 g/L),and higher absolute eosinophil count(AEC)(cutoff=0.175×10^(9)/L)were significantly associated with the occurrence of irAEs,among which a higher AEC(cutoff=0.205×10^(9)/L)was strongly associated with skin-related irAEs[odds ratios(ORs)=0.163,P=0.004].Moreover,a higher lactate dehydrogenase level(cutoff=237.5 U/L)was an independent predictor of irAEs of grade≥3(OR=0.083,P=0.023).In immune cell subgroup analysis,a lower absolute count of CD8+CD28−suppressor T cells(OR=0.806;95%confidence interval:0.643–1.011;P=0.062),which are regulatory T lymphocytes,was associated with the occurrence of irAEs,although the difference was not statistically significant.Furthermore,a higher percentage of CD19+B cells was associated with the occurrence of irAEs of grade≥3(P=0.02)and grade≥2(P=0.051).In addition,patients with any grade of irAE had a significantly high PFS(8.37 vs.3.77 months,hazard ratios(HR)=2.02,P=0.0038)and OS(24.77 vs.13.83 months,HR=1.84;P=0.024).Conclusions:This retrospective study reports clinical profile data for irAEs in unselected patients in a real-world setting and explored some parameters that may be potential predictive markers of the occurrence,type,or grade of irAEs in clinical practice.Evidence of a correlation between safety and efficacy may facilitate a complete assessment of the risk-benefit ratio for patients treated with ICIs. | Rilan Bai Naifei Chen Xiao Chen Lingyu Li Wei Song Wei Li Yuguang Zhao Yongfei Zhang Fujun Han Zheng Lyu Jiuwei Cui | 2021 | Cancer Biology & Medicine2021，18，4： | 4 |
| 3 | Potential new applications of immunotherapy for neuroendocrine neoplasms:immune landscape,current status and future perspectives显示文摘Neuroendocrine neoplasms(NENs)are a highly heterogeneous class of tumors arising from neuroendocrine cells and peptidergic neurons.After failure of first-line treatment,patients have poor prognosis and limited treatment options.Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)may be a powerful means of increasing therapeutic efficacy for such patients,but ICIs alone have low response rates and short disease control durations in most NENs and may be effective for only a portion of the population.ICIs combined with other immunotherapies,targeted therapies,or cytotoxic drugs have achieved some efficacy in patients with NENs and are worthy of further exploration to assess their benefits to the population.In addition,accumulating experimental and clinical evidence supports that the interaction between neuroendocrine and immune systems is essential to maintain homeostasis,and assessment of this broad neuroendocrine-immune correlation is essential for NEN treatment.In this review,we summarize the immune microenvironment characteristics,advances in immunotherapy,predictive biomarkers of ICI efficacy for NENs,and the effects of common endocrine hormones on the immune system,highlighting possible new application areas for this promising treatment in neglected NENs. | Rilan Bai Wenqian Li Jiuwei Cui | 2022 | Cancer Biology & Medicine2022，19，12： | 0 |
| 4 | Research Progress on Anti-tumor Therapy Targeting Cholesterol Metabolism显示文摘Recent studies have shown that reprogramming of cholesterol metabolism occurs in both tumor cells and immune cells.Therapeutic strategies to inhibit the cholesterol synthesis pathway also interfere with normal metabolic homeostasis and actions of immune cells.Thus,it is urgent to develop anti-tumor drugs that maintain a balance between inhibiting tumor cells and maintaining immune cell activity for anti-tumor metabolic immunotherapy.We will focus this review on the interaction between cholesterol and immune cells,effects of cholesterol and its metabolites on the pathogenesis and development of tumors,and strategies for developing antitumor therapies based on cholesterol metabolism.It has been shown that leelamine and modulators targeting cholesterol esters,27-hydroxycholesterol,and Dendrogenin A are potential candidates for anti-tumor metabolic therapy.Particularly,the ACAT inhibitor avasimibe,an established target for atherosclerosis,has attracted the attention of clinical researches because of its unique influence on both inhibiting tumor cells and enhancing immune cell function,which are expected to provide new research directions for cancer treatment. | Rilan Bai Ling Bai Wei Li Jiu Wei Cui | 2017 | Journal of Nutritional Oncology2017，2，4： | 0 |
| 5 | Advances in novel molecular typing and precise treatment strategies for small cell lung cancer显示文摘Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)is a high-grade neuroendocrine(NE)cancer characterized by high circulating tumor-cell burden and early extensive metastasis.Considering the complexity of SCLC genes and the immune microenvironment,their unique molecular heterogeneity profiles have been continuously explored.The understanding of SCLC subtypes has recently changed from traditional'classical'and'variant'types to'NE'and'non-NE'phenotypes and to the subtypes defined by major transcriptional regulators,which indicates the gradual revelation of high intratumoral heterogeneity and plasticity characteristics of SCLCs.Advances in genomics as well as the development of single-cell sequencing analysis and new preclinical models have helped investigators gain many new insights into SCLCs and the development of targeted therapy and immunotherapy strategies.This article provides an overview of changes in molecular typing,tumor heterogeneity,and plasticity and that of advances in the precise treatment of different subtypes of SCLC. | Rilan Bai Lingyu Li Xiao Chen Yuguang Zhao Wei Song Huimin Tian Jiuwei Cui | 2021 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2021，33，4： | 0 |
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