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| 1 | Extraction, identification, and antioxidant property evaluation of limonin from pummelo seeds显示文摘Limonin, the main bioactive phytochemical constituent of limonoids with multi-functions, is enriched in citrus fruits and often found at a high concentration in citrus seeds. The present study was attempted to introduce a new and efficient extraction method to isolate limonoids from pummelo seeds, and to evaluate the antioxidant property of the main constituent limonin in Hep G2 cells. Three key single factors were identified for the extraction of limonoids from pummelo seeds using the Box-Behnken experiment design of response surface methodology(RSM), and the optimized extraction parameters were treatment with 89.68 m L of anhydrous acetone for 4.62 h at 78.94C, while the yield of limonoids was 11.52 mg/g. The structure of isolated main constituent of the limonoids was further identified as limonin by Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) spectrometer and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectrum. Moreover, the molecular data in Hep G2 cells revealed that limonin exerted its anti-oxidant property mainly by the activation of nuclear factor(erythroid-2)-like 2(Nrf2)/kelch-like ECHassociated protein 1(Keap1)-antioxidant response element(ARE) pathway in the form of transcriptional regulation of Nrf2 m RNA and posttranscriptional regulation of Nrf2/Keap1 system. These results demonstrate that pummelo seeds are an ideal source of limonoids, and limonin is proved to exert its anti-oxidant property by the activation of Nrf2/Keap1 pathway. | Si Qin Chenghao Lv Qingshan Wang Zhibing Zheng Xi Sun Minyi Tang Fangming Deng | 2018 | Animal Nutrition2018，，3： | 10 |
| 2 | Spring migration duration exceeds that of autumn migration in Far East Asian Greater White-fronted Geese (Anser albifrons)显示文摘Background:Migration theory suggests,and some empirical studies show, that in order to compete for the best breeding sites and increase reproductive success,long-distance avian migrants tend to adopt a time minimization strategy during spring migration, resulting in shorter duration spring migration compared to that in autumn.Methods:Using GPS/GSM transmitters,we tracked the full migrations of 11 Greater White-fronted Geese (Anser albifrons) between southeast China and the Russian Arctic,to reveal the migration timing and routes of the East Asian population, and compare the difference in duration between spring and autumn migration of this population.Results:We found that migration in spring (79 ± 12 days) took more than twice as long to cover the same distance as in autumn (35 ±7 days).This difference in migration duration was mainly determined by significantly more time spent in spring (59±16 days) than in autumn (23± 6days) at significantly more stopover sites. Conclusions:We suggest that these geese, thought to be partial capital breeders, spent almost three quarters of total migration time at spring stopover sites to acquire energy stores for ultimate investment in reproduction, although we cannot reject the hypothesis that timing of the spring thaw also contributed to stopover duration.In autumn,they acquired necessary energy stores on the breeding grounds sufficient to reach Northeast China staging areas almost without stop, which reduced stopover times in autumn and resulted in the faster autumn migration than spring. | Xueqin Deng Qingshan Zhao Lei Fang Zhenggang Xu Xin Wang Haoren He Lei Cao Anthony David Fox | 2019 | Avian Research2019，10，3： | 9 |
| 3 | Migration routes,behavior and protection status of Eurasian Spoonbills(Platalea leucorodia)wintering in China显示文摘Background:The Eurasian Spoonbill(Platalea leucorodia)occurs throughout Eurasia and North and sub-Saharan Africa,with three recognized subspecies and six geographically distributed populations.However,in China,we knew almost nothing about migration routes,habitat use and effectiveness of current site protection measures for this species.Methods:We deployed Global Positioning System/Global System for Mobile Communications(GPS/GSM)satellite trackers on 29 Eurasian Spoonbills captured in summer in Mongolia and northeastern China,to obtain complete migration routes data from 10 individuals from 19 complete migration episodes.Results:Tracking data showed no geographical overlap during the annual cycle in Eurasian Spoonbills marked in the two main summering areas.Birds marked in the Naoli River Basin in Heilongjiang Province,China,wintered along the Jiangsu coastline in China,while Eurasian Spoonbills from two discrete summering areas(in Inner and western Mon-golia)overwintered inland in the Yangtze River floodplain of China.Excluding the single Inner Mongolian bird,spring migration was significantly faster than autumn migration in the other two groups of birds.Eurasian Spoonbills mainly used water,wetland and grassland habitats in summer,but almost exclusively water in winter.Lack of protection of staging sites used by all the birds in spring and poor levels of protection throughout the annual cycle for western Mongolian birds(5-22%)gives considerable cause for concern,although sites used in other time by East Mongolian and Naoli River birds in the rest of their annual life cycle enjoyed good levels of protection(49-95%).Conclusions:These results revealed previously unknown relationships between summering and wintering areas,migration routes and stopover sites for Eurasian Spoonbills wintering in China,suggesting the existence of discrete biogeographical population units.They also identified winter habitat use of Eurasian Spoonbills in China,confirming open water habitats as being critical throughout the annual cycle,although based on small sample size,gaps in cur-rent site safeguard networks for these populations. | Jire Xi Xueqin Deng Gerelt Zhao Nyambayar Batbayar Iderbat Damba Qingshan Zhao Shoubin Cui Chao Jiang Yiwen Chen Yat-tung Yu Lei Cao Anthony David Fox | 2021 | Avian Research2021，12，4： | 1 |
| 4 | Association of systemic inflammation with marked changes in particulate air pollution in Beijing in 2008显示文摘 | Xiaohua Xu Furong Deng Xinbiao Guo Peng Lv Mianhua Zhong Cuiqing Liu Aixia Wang Kevin Tzan Silis Y. Jiang Morton Lippmann Sanjay Rajagopalan Qingshan Qu Lung-Chi Chen Qinghua Sun | 2012 | Toxicology Letters2012，，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Contrasting habitat use and conservation status of Chinese-wintering and other Eurasian Greater White-fronted Goose(Anser albifrons)populations显示文摘Background:GPS/GSM tracking data were used to contrast use of(i)habitats and(ii)protected areas between three Arctic-nesting Greater White-fronted Geese(Anser albifrons,GWFG)populations throughout the annual cycle.We wished to demonstrate that the East Asian Continental Population(which winters on natural wetlands in the Chinese Yangtze River floodplain and is currently declining)avoids using farmland at multiple wintering sites.We also gath-ered tracking evidence to support general observations from two increasing population of GWFG,the North Sea-Baltic(which winters in Europe)and the West Pacific(which winter in Korea and Japan)winter mostly within farmland landscapes,using wetlands only for safe night roosts.Methods:We tracked 156 GWFG throughout their annual cycle using GPS/GSM transmitters from these three popu-lations to determine migration routes and stopover staging patterns.We used Brownian Bridge Movement Models to generate summer,winter and migration stopover home ranges which we then overlaid in GIS with land cover and protected area boundary at national level to determine habitat use and degree of protection from nature conserva-tion designated areas.Results:Data confirmed that 73%of European wintering GWFG homes ranges were from within farmland,com-pared to 59%in Japan and Korea,but just 5%in China,confirming the heavy winter use of agricultural landscapes by GWFG away from China,and avoidance of farmland at multiple sites within the Yangtze River floodplain.The same GWFG used farmland in northeast China in spring and autumn,confirming their experience of exploiting such habi-tats at other stages of their annual cycle.Chinese wintering birds showed the greatest overlap with protected areas of all three populations,showing current levels of site safeguard are failing to protect this population.Conclusions:Results confirm the need for strategic planning to protect the East Asian Continental GWFG popu-lation.While the site protection network in place to protect the species seems adequate,it has failed to stop the declines.Buffalo grazing could serve as one simple strategy to improve the condition of feeding habitats at Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake in the Yangtze,where vast Carex meadows exist.In addition,while we warn against pushing GWFG to winter farmland feeding in China because of the long-term potential to conflict with agricultural interests,we recommend experimental sacrificial,disturbance-free farmland within designated refuge areas adjacent to the Yangtze River floodplain wetland reserves as a manipulative experiment to improve the conservation status of this population in years when natural food sources are limited. | Xueqin Deng Qingshan Zhao Junjian Zhang Andrea Kölzsch Diana Solovyeva Inga Bysykatova-Harmey Zhenggang Xu Helmut Kruckenberg Lei Cao Anthony David Fox | 2021 | Avian Research2021，12，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Organising a juvenile ratio monitoring programme for 10 key waterbird species in the Yangtze River floodplain:analysis and proposals显示文摘Background:In the face of continued degradation and loss of wetlands in the Yangtze River floodplain(YRF),there is an urgent need to monitor the abundance and distribution of wintering waterbirds.To understand fully observed annual changes,we need to monitor demographic rates to understand factors affecting global population size.Annual reproduction success contributes to dynamic changes in population size and age structure,so an assessment of the juvenile ratio(i.e.first winter birds as a proportion of total number aged)of overwintering waterbirds can be an important indicator of the reproductive success in the preceding breeding season.Methods:During 2016-2019,we sampled juvenile ratios among 10 key waterbird species from the wetlands in the YRF.Based on these data,we here attempt to establish a simple,efficient,focused and reliable juvenile ratio monitoring scheme,to assess consistently and accurately relative annual breeding success and its contribution to the age structure among these waterbird species.Results:We compared juvenile ratio data collected throughout the winter and found that the optimal time for undertaking these samples was in the early stages of arrival for migratory waterbirds reaching their wintering area(early to mid-December).We recommend counting consistently at key points(i.e.those where>1%biogeographical flyway population were counted)at sites of major flyway importance(Poyang Lake,East Dongting Lake,Shengjin Lake,Caizi Lake,Longgan Lake and Chen Lake).Based on this,the error rate of the programme(155 planned points,the count of 10 waterbird species is 826-8955)is less than 5%.Conclusions:We established a juvenile ratio monitoring programme for 10 key waterbird species in the wetlands of the YRF,and discuss the feasibility and necessity of implementing such a future programme,and how to use these data in our monitoring and understanding of the population dynamics of these waterbird populations. | Yuxi Wang Iderbat Damba Qingshan Zhao Yanbo Xie Xueqing Deng Rdi Ga Guanhua Liu Zhiwen Xu Yue Li Dali Gao Wenbin Xu Guoxun Chen Lei Cao | 2021 | Avian Research2021，12，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Association of systemic inflammation with marked changes in particulate air pollution in Beijing in 2008显示文摘 | Xiaohua Xu Furong Deng Xinbiao Guo Peng Lv Mianhua Zhong Cuiqing Liu Aixia Wang Kevin Tzan Silis Y. Jiang Morton Lippmann Sanjay Rajagopalan Qingshan Qu Lung-Chi Chen Qinghua Sun | 2012 | Toxicology Letters2012，，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Effect of frugivorous birds on the establishment of a naturally regenerating population of Chinese yew in ex situ conservation显示文摘The Chinese yew Taxus chinensis is catalogued as an endangered species in China because of the small size andsenescent status of most populations. Its lack of natural regeneration is the most important reason for its endangeredstatus. We investigated the regeneration of an ex-situ conservation population, which was introduced intothe Nanjing Botanical Garden Memorial Sun Yat-Sen in the 1950s, and evaluated the role of frugivorous birds on theestablishment of this regenerating population. Two hundred and thirteen individual yew seedlings and saplingswere found on the hillside in 2006, and the nearest seedling was found more than 10 m away from mother trees. Thespatial pattern of all seedlings and saplings occurred as a clumped distribution, which is typical for vertebratedispersedplants. Six bird species were seen ingesting whole “fruits” at yew trees in the present study and 745 visitsby avian frugivores were recorded. Red-billed blue magpie (Urocissa erythrorhyncha), Chinese bulbul (Pycnonotussinensis) and azure-winged magpie (Cyanopica cyana) were the most frequent visitors over the two years of thestudy. Comparing the flights of departure and perching habitats of the three main bird species, we inferred that U.erythrorhyncha would be the most important disperser. This regeneration population has had good developmentover the past 20 or more years;frugivorous birds have removed seeds to the hillside every year until now, and seedgermination and seedling growth continue to develop well under natural conditions. We suggest that the conservationsystem of the Chinese yew should be composed of yews, avian dispersers and habitats for seed germinationand seedling growth. | Changhu LU Qiongqiong ZHU Qingshan DENG | 2008 | Integrative Zoology2008，3，3： | 1 |
| 9 | 一种新颖的氧化重排介导的角型芳香聚酮骨架的形成机制研究显示文摘文章简介细菌来源的芳香族聚酮类化合物由II型聚酮合酶合成,常具有多样的骨架结构和良好的生物活性。该类天然产物根据其结构特点,可分为线型、角型和圆盘型,其生物合成由II型聚酮最小合酶催化形成β聚酮中间体。 | Guixi Gao Xiangyang Liu Min Xu Yemin Wang Fei Zhang Lijun Xu Jin Lv Qingshan Long Qianjin Kang Hong-Yu Ou Ying Wang Jürgen Rohr Zixin Deng 蒋明 林双君 陶美凤 | 2018 | 科学新闻2018，0，4： | 0 |
| 10 | Genetic Architecture of Childhood Kidney and Urological Diseases in China显示文摘Kidney disease is manifested in a wide variety of phenotypes,many of which have an important hereditary component.To delineate the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of pediatric nephropathy,a multicenter registration system is being imple-mented based on the Chinese Children Genetic Kidney Disease Database(CCGKDD).In this study,all the patients with kidney and urological diseases were recruited from 2014 to 2020.Genetic analysis was conducted using exome sequencing for families with multiple affected individuals with nephropathy or clinical suspicion of a genetic kidney disease owing to early-onset or extrarenal features.The genetic diagnosis was confirmed in 883 of 2256(39.1%)patients from 23 provinces in China.Phenotypic profiles showed that the primary diagnosis included steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome(SRNS,23.5%),glomerulonephritis(GN,32.2%),congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract(CAKUT,21.2%),cystic renal disease(3.9%),renal calcinosis/stone(3.6%),tubulopathy(9.7%),and chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology(CKDu,5.8%).The pathogenic variants of 105 monogenetic disorders were identified.Ten distinct genomic disorders were identified as pathogenic copy number variants(CNVs)in 11 patients.The diagnostic yield differed by subgroups,and was highest in those with cystic renal disease(66.3%),followed by tubulopathy(58.4%),GN(57.7%),CKDu(43.5%),SRNS(29.2%),renal calcinosis/stone(29.3%)and CAKUT(8.6%).Reverse phenotyping permitted correct identification in 40 cases with clinical reassessment and unexpected genetic conditions.We present the results of the largest cohort of children with kidney disease in China where diagnostic exome sequencing was performed.Our data demonstrate the utility of family-based exome sequencing,and indicate that the combined analysis of genotype and phenotype based on the national patient registry is pivotal to the genetic diagnosis of kidney disease. | Ye Fang Hua Shi Tianchao Xiang Jiaojiao Liu Jialu Liu Xiaoshan Tang Xiaoyan Fang Jing Chen Yihui Zhai Qian Shen Guomin Li Li Sun Yunli Bi Xiang Wang Yanyan Qian Bingbing Wu Huijun Wang Wenhao Zhou Duan Ma Jianhua Mao Xiaoyun Jiang Shuzhen Sun Ying Shen Xiaorong Liu Aihua Zhang Xiaowen Wang Wenyan Huang Qiu Li Mo Wang Xiaojie Gao Yubin Wu Fang Deng Ruifeng Zhang Cuihua Liu Li Yu Jieqiu Zhuang Qing Sun Xiqiang Dang Haitao Bai Ying Zhu Siguang Lu Bili Zhang Xiaoshan Shao Xuemei Liu Mei Han Lijun Zhao Yuling Liu Jian Gao Ying Bao Dongfeng Zhang Qingshan Ma Liping Zhao Zhengkun Xia Biao Lu Yulong Wang Mengzhun Zhao Jianjiang Zhang Shan Jian Guohua He Huifeng Zhang Bo Zhao Xiaohua LI Feiyan Wang Yufeng Li Hongtao Zhu Xinhui Luo Jinghai Li Jia Rao Hong Xu | 2021 | Phenomics2021，1，3： | 0 |
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