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| 1 | 产量与经济效益共赢的高效生态农业模式:以弘毅生态农场为例显示文摘化学物质的大量投入以及元素不能循环导致农田生态系统退化,耕地质量和产量均呈下降趋势,食物链受到污染.本研究从低产田开始,通过秸秆养牛、腐熟牛粪还田恢复地力;以物理+生物方法控制虫害;以人工+机械管理杂草,停用农药、化肥和除草剂,同时不用地膜、人工合成激素、转基因种子生产优质安全食品,并在线上与线下销售.10年的长期实验结果表明,所在村庄农田生态环境改善,减少农药用量58.3%;物理+生物控虫效果明显,每盏灯年捕获量从2009年的33 kg下降到2014年的2.1 kg,下降93.8%;年消耗秸秆1000 t,秸秆利用率从1.1%提高到62.5%.有机肥还田提高了土壤生物多样性,有机果园蚯蚓数量317条m^(-2),而普通果园只有16条m^(-2);大量有机肥还田(75 t hm^(-2)),土壤有机质从实验初期的0.7%提高到2.4%.粮食产量从最初的11.43 t hm^(-2)提高到目前的17.43 t hm^(-2),其中冬小麦(Triticum aestivum)、夏玉米(Zea mays)、大豆(Glycine max(Linn.)Merr.)和花生(Arachis hypogaea Linn.)产量分别超出山东省平均水平42.6%,60.9%,32.2%和38.1%.由于质量好,产品已销售往除西藏以外的30个省、市、自治区,经济效益明显,平均每公顷效益是普通农田的3~5倍,带动所在村庄67户农民从事高效生态农业.本研究可为国家制定生态农业发展规划、精准扶贫、农村环境保护等提供科学依据. | 蒋高明 郑延海 吴光磊 刘慧 池云花 冯素飞 李勇 李彩虹 李宗奉 苏本营 董群 乌云塔娜 LUCAS Mario LEFORT Zoe REGOLINI Margot 曾祥伟 贺新华 郭立月 战丽杰 唐海龙 韦继光 周平 曾彦 杨煜 宋守宽 刘秀 甄珍 刘海涛 孟杰 李静 李霄 李占 丁娜 博文静 虞晓凡 程达 梁啸天 李立君 徐磊 谷仙 宋彦洁 MUMINOV A. Mahmud 刘滨扬 赫晓霞 刘美珍 宁堂原 王空军 徐玉新 陈文浩 | 2017 | 科学通报2017，62，4： | 24 |
| 2 | The Current Status of Physical Therapy in China显示文摘The current health system in China has evolved by embracing both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. China is the only country in the world where the number of doctors is larger than the number of nurses but education programmes for other health professions like physical therapy have been slow to develop. In the case of physical therapy it was not until China won the bid for the Olympic Games that permission to establish the first physical therapy programme was granted. Since then China has undergone a period of rapid economic growth enabling many people to have a higher standard of living and improved health, but at the same time the country is faced with massive urbanization, industrialization, increasing environmental health threats, increased health disparities and an aging population. With the support of the Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine, an increased investment by the Government in public health and rehabilitation and engagement of international education experts, entry-level education programmes for physical therapy have started to develop and there are now nine which are modeled, at least to some extent, on the World Confederation for Physical Therapy's international guidelines. The paper explores the development of physical therapy education in China and discusses possible options for the way forward so that as the demand for physical therapy to service 1.4 billion people grows, the profession is prepared and the standards expected of the entrylevel physical therapist will not be compromised. | Alice Jones | 2013 | 中国康复医学杂志2013，28，6： | 15 |
| 3 | 胰腺的癌症诊断由免费并且 exosomal miRNA显示文摘 Patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma(PaCa) have a dismal prognosis. This is in part due to late diagnosis prohibiting surgical intervention, which provides the only curative option as PaCa are mostly chemo- and radiation resistance. Hope is raised on a reliable noninvasive/minimally invasive diagnosis that is still missing. Recently two diagnostic options are discussed, serum MicroRNA(miRNA) and serum exosomes. Serum miRNA can be free or vesicle-, particularly, exosomesenclosed. This review will provide an overview on the current state of the diagnostic trials on free serum miRNA and proceed with an introduction of exosomes that use as a diagnostic tool in serum and other body fluids has not received sufficient attention, although serum exosome miRNA in combination with protein marker expression likely will increase the diagnostic and prognostic power. By their crosstalk with host cells, which includes binding-initiated signal transduction, as well as reprogramming target cells via the transfer of proteins, mRNA and miRNA exosomes are suggested to become a most powerful therapeutics. I will discuss which hurdles have still to be taken as well as the different modalities, which can be envisaged to make therapeutic use of exosomes. PaCa are known to most intensely crosstalk with the host as apparent by desmoplasia and frequent paraneoplastic syndromes. Thus, there is hope that the therapeutic application of exosomes brings about a major breakthrough. | Margot Zller | 2013 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2013，4，4： | 15 |
| 4 | Obesity: modern man's fertility nemesis显示文摘肥胖流行成长了到有关最近的年里,不是仅仅在西方的世界上的比例,但是在也开发国家。在男富饶和肥沃的相应减少可以向肥胖在平行被解释,并且肥胖应该被看作男富饶的病原学。研究证明肥胖由减少精液质量贡献不孕,改变精子 proteomes,贡献可勃起的机能障碍,并且导致与肥胖有关的另外的物理问题。为在男不孕上解释肥胖的效果的机制包括睡觉呼吸暂停和增加的阴囊的温度包括反常繁殖荷尔蒙层次,与肥胖联系的脂肪质导出荷尔蒙和 adipokines 的一个增加的版本,和另外的物理问题。最近,为肥胖相关的不孕的基因因素和标记被发现了并且可以解释肥沃的肥胖、不肥沃的肥胖的人之间的差别。处理为与肥胖有关的不孕是可得到的不仅,而且作为为从肥胖产生的另外的 comorbidities 的一个处理。自然重量损失,以及 bariatric 外科是为肥胖的病人的选择并且在恢复富饶和正常神经质的侧面显示出有希望的结果。脂肪质导出荷尔蒙的治疗学的干预包括 aromatase 禁止者,外长的睾丸激素代替治疗和维护和规定,特别地 leptin,可能也能在肥胖的男性恢复富饶。因为在这个区域的研究的相对不知道和缺乏,控制了研究应该被承担,更多的焦点应该作为男不孕的 etiolgy 被给肥胖。 | Stephanie Cabler Ashok Agarwal Margot Flint Stefan S. Du Plessis | 2010 | Asian Journal of Andrology2010，12，4： | 14 |
| 5 | HIV感染者487例所患皮肤疾病与免疫缺陷的关系显示文摘目的分析HIV感染者皮肤表现和HIV感染所致免疫缺陷程度的相关性;发现患有两个及多个皮肤疾病的危险因素。方法对悉尼某皮肤科诊所1995~2005年的487例HIV阳性患者的病历资料进行回顾性分析,应用统计学软件对不同皮肤疾病与相关CD4计数的关系、患有两个及以上皮肤疾病的危险因素进行分析。结果487例患者中,485(99.6%)例有皮肤病的诊断,平均每例2.55个诊断。男性患者共479例。日光相关性皮肤病主要发生于CD4>400cells/μL的患者,很多感染性和炎症性皮肤病多发生于中度免疫抑制(250≤CD4≤450cells/μL),传染性软疣和嗜酸性毛囊炎见于CD4<250cells/μL的患者。CD4计数<250cells/μL和年龄≥40岁是发生2个以上皮肤病的危险因素。结论皮肤表现与HIV感染所致免疫缺陷程度密切相关。 | 鲍迎秋 傅裕 常建民 Margot Whitfeld | 2007 | 中国皮肤性病学杂志2007，21，1： | 10 |
| 6 | 中国物理治疗教育的发展显示文摘本文阐述物理治疗专业和物理治疗入门级教育在中国康复医学教育中的演变,提倡以模拟学习技术(SBL)为临床实习生积累经验。物理治疗专业的学生与医学专业的学生一样,需要一个结构化的临床教育方案,以确保毕业时具备一定的临床专业能力。多年来,SBL一直是医学、工程以及航空专业的首选教学模式。在物理治疗专业培养方案中,SBL培养临床技能的教学模式已经出现。本文介绍SBL在物理治疗专业入门级教育中的优势,尤其是使用模拟标准化患者作为核心临床教育内容,为学生进入临床实习做好准备。建议在中国可以将SBL应用在物理治疗专业人才培养方案中,这可最大限度地提高学生的临床实习经验。 | 钟斯绮文 Margot A.SKINNER Elizabeth DEAN | 2018 | 康复学报2018，28，3： | 9 |
| 7 | Pancreatic cancer stem cell markers and exosomes-the incentive push显示文摘Pancreatic cancer(Pa Ca) has the highest death rate and incidence is increasing. Poor prognosis is due to late diagnosis and early metastatic spread, which is ascribed to a minor population of so called cancer stem cells(CSC) within the mass of the primary tumor. CSC are defined by biological features, which they share with adult stem cells like longevity, rare cell division, the capacity for self renewal, differentiation, drug resistance and the requirement for a niche. CSC can also be identified by sets of markers, which for pancreatic CSC(Pa-CSC) include CD44v6, c-Met, Tspan8, alpha6beta4, CXCR4, CD133, Ep CAM and claudin7. The functional relevance of CSC markers is still disputed. We hypothesize that Pa-CSC markers play a decisive role in tumor progression. This is fostered by the location in glycolipid-enriched membrane domains, which function as signaling platform and support connectivity of the individual Pa-CSC markers. Outsidein signaling supports apoptosis resistance, stem cell gene expression and tumor suppressor gene repression as well as mi RNA transcription and silencing. Pa-CSC markers also contribute to motility and invasiveness. By ligand binding host cells are triggered towards creating a milieu supporting Pa-CSC maintenance. Furthermore, CSC markers contribute to the generation, loading and delivery of exosomes, whereby CSC gain the capacity for a cell-cell contact independent crosstalk with the host and neighboring non-CSC. This allows PaCSC exosomes(TEX) to reprogram neighboring nonCSC towards epithelial mesenchymal transition and to stimulate host cells towards preparing a niche for metastasizing tumor cells. Finally, TEX communicate with the matrix to support tumor cell motility, invasion and homing. We will discuss the possibility that CSC markers are the initial trigger for these processes and what is the special contribution of CSC-TEX. | Sarah Heiler Zhe Wang Margot Zoller | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，26： | 8 |
| 8 | 二语阅读及词汇教学研究综述显示文摘一、研究状况:目前,有关二语阅读及词汇教学的研究都指明了阅读和词语猜测之间相互作用的本质。这两个互为联系的语言活动,不是完全地“自上而下”或“自下而上”,而是这二者之间相互作用,有机平衡的过程。因此,在这篇综述里,我们就这一观点进行总结,并说明它对教学的含义。首先,这一论点出自于这种教学上的假设,即我们教授学生二语的最终目标,就是要帮助他们在某些应用语言的技巧方面(对许多人而言,最主要的就是阅读技巧)达到近乎母语者的能力。在学校和大学中。 | Thomas Huckin Margot Haynes 黑玉琴 | 1996 | 外语教学理论与实践1996，，2： | 5 |
| 9 | Nutritional and vitamin status in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms显示文摘Symptoms of gastroenteropancreatic located neuroendocrine neoplasms(GEPNENs) are often related to food intake and manifest as abdominal pain or diarrhoea which can influence patients nutritional status. Malnutrition is common in cancer patients and influences quality of life, treatment options and survival but is also present in up to 40% of patients with GEP-NENs. As part of malnutrition there are often deficiencies in fat-soluble vitamins, mainly vitamin D. Little knowledge exists on trace elements. Several factors influence the development of malnutrition such as size and localisation of the primary tumour as well as metastases, side effects from treatment but also hormone production of the tumour itself. One of the main influencing factors leading to malnutrition is diarrhoea which leads to dehydration and electrolyte disturbances. Treatment of diarrhoea should be guided by its cause. Screening for malnutrition should be part of routine care in every GEP-NEN patient. Multidisciplinary treatment including dietician support is necessary for all malnourished patients with GEP-NENs. | Dominique SVM Clement Margot ET Tesselaar Monique E van Leerdam Rajaventhan Srirajaskanthan John K Ramage | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，10： | 4 |
| 10 | 悉尼HIV感染者皮肤疾病的回顾性调查分析显示文摘目的:(1)调查悉尼某皮科诊所的HIV阳性患者的皮肤病发病情况;(2)发现近10年来HIV相关皮肤病的变化趋势。方法:1995~2005年的487例HIV阳性患者的病历资料进行回顾性研究。结果:487例患者中,有485例(99.6%)患有不同的皮肤病,平均每人2.55个诊断。日光相关性皮肤病有较高的发病率(39.8%),而一些传统的HIV相关的皮肤病则发病率较低。1998年之前首次就诊患者易患有病毒性和炎症性皮肤病,1998年后就诊的患者则患有多种类型皮肤病。结论:HIV与许多皮肤疾病有关联,近10年来HIV相关皮肤病病谱发生了很大的变化。 | 鲍迎秋 傅裕 常建民 Margot Whitfeld | 2007 | 中国麻风皮肤病杂志2007，23，2： | 4 |
| 11 | Contributions of neurotropic human herpesviruses herpes simplex virus 1 and human herpesvirus 6 to neurodegenerative disease pathology显示文摘Human herpesviruses(HVs) have developed ingenious mechanisms that enable them to traverse the defenses of the central nervous system(CNS). The ability of HVs to enter a state of latency, a defining characteristic of this viral family, allows them to persist in the human host indefinitely. As such, HVs represent the most frequently detected pathogens in the brain. Under constant immune pressure, these infections are largely asymptomatic in healthy hosts. However, many neurotropic HVs have been directly connected with CNS pathology in the context of other stressors and genetic risk factors. In this review, we discuss the potential mechanisms by which neurotropic HVs contribute to neurodegenerative disease(NDD) pathology by highlighting two prominent members of the HV family, herpes simplex virus 1(HSV-1) and human herpesvirus 6(HHV-6). We(i) introduce the infectious pathways and replicative cycles of HSV-1 and HHV-6 and then(ii) review the clinical evidence supporting associations between these viruses and the NDDs Alzheimer's disease(AD) and multiple sclerosis(MS), respectively. We then(iii) highlight and discuss potential mechanisms by which these viruses exert negative effects on neurons and glia. Finally, we(iv) discuss how these viruses could interact with other disease-modifying factors to contribute to the initiation and/or progression of NDDs. | Jessica M.Hogestyn David J.Mock Margot Mayer-Proschel | 2018 | Neural Regeneration Research2018，13，2： | 3 |
| 12 | Balance of adiponectin and leptin modulates breast cancer cell growth显示文摘 | Michael E Grossmann Amitabha Ray Soner Dogan Nancy K Mizuno Margot P Cleary | 2008 | Cell Research2008，18，11： | 3 |
| 13 | Systematic review of agents for the management of gastrointestinal mucositis in cancer patients显示文摘 | Rachel J. Gibson Dorothy M. K. Keefe Rajesh V. Lalla Emma Bateman Nicole Blijlevens Margot Fijlstra Emily E. King Andrea M. Stringer Walter J. F. M. Velden Roger Yazbeck Sharon Elad Joanne M. Bowen | 2013 | Supportive Care in Cancer2013，，1： | 3 |
| 14 | SHP2 regulates skeletal cell fate by modifying SOX9 expression and transcriptional activity显示文摘Chondrocytes and osteoblasts differentiate from a common mesenchymal precursor, the osteochondroprogenitor(OCP), and help build the vertebrate skeleton. The signaling pathways that control lineage commitment for OCPs are incompletely understood. We asked whether the ubiquitously expressed protein-tyrosine phosphatase SHP2(encoded by Ptpn11) affects skeletal lineage commitment by conditionally deleting Ptpn11 in mouse limb and head mesenchyme using 'Cre-lox P'-mediated gene excision.SHP2-deficient mice have increased cartilage mass and deficient ossification, suggesting that SHP2-deficient OCPs become chondrocytes and not osteoblasts. Consistent with these observations, the expression of the master chondrogenic transcription factor SOX9 and its target genes Acan, Col2a1, and Col10a1 were increased in SHP2-deficient chondrocytes, as revealed by gene expression arrays, q RT-PCR, in situ hybridization, and immunostaining. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that SHP2 regulates OCP fate determination via the phosphorylation and SUMOylation of SOX9, mediated at least in part via the PKA signaling pathway. Our data indicate that SHP2 is critical for skeletal cell lineage differentiation and could thus be a pharmacologic target for bone and cartilage regeneration. | Chunlin Zuo Lijun Wang Raghavendra M.Kamalesh Margot E.Bowen Douglas C.Moore Mark S.Dooner Anthony M.Reginato Qian Wu Christoph Schorl Yueming Song Matthew L.Warman Benjamin G.Neel Michael G.Ehrlich Wentian Yang | 2018 | Bone Research2018，6，2： | 3 |
| 15 | Safety and efficacy of soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators in patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘BACKGROUND The utility of novel oral soluble guanylate cyclase(sGC)stimulators(vericiguat and riociguat),in patients with reduced or preserved ejection fraction heart failure(HFrEF/HFpEF)is currently unclear.AIM To determine the efficacy and safety of sGC stimulators in HF patients.METHODS Multiple databases were searched to identify relevant randomized controlled trials(RCTs).Data on the safety and efficacy of sGC stimulators were compared using relative risk ratio(RR)on a random effect model.RESULTS Six RCTs,comprising 5604 patients(2801 in sGC stimulator group and 2803 placebo group)were included.The primary endpoint(a composite of cardiovascular mortality and first HF-related hospitalization)was significantly reduced in patients receiving sGC stimulators compared to placebo[RR 0.92,95%confidence interval(CI):0.85-0.99,P=0.02].The incidence of total HF-related hospitalizations were also lower in sGC group(RR 0.91,95%CI:0.86-0.96,P=0.0009),however,sGC stimulators had no impact on all-cause mortality(RR 0.96,95%CI:0.86-1.07,P=0.45)or cardiovascular mortality(RR 0.94,95%CI:0.83-1.06,P=0.29).The overall safety endpoint(a composite of hypotension and syncope)was also similar between the two groups(RR 1.50,95%CI:0.93-2.42,P=0.10).By contrast,a stratified subgroup analysis adjusted by type of sGC stimulator and HF(vericiguat vs riociguat and HFrEF vs HFpEF)showed near identical rates for all safety and efficacy endpoints between the two groups at a mean follow-up of 19 wk.For the primary composite endpoint,the number needed to treat was 35,the number needed to harm was 44.CONCLUSION The use of vericiguat and riociguat in conjunction with standard HF therapy,shows no benefit in terms of decreasing HF-related hospitalizations or mortality. | Waqas Ullah Maryam Mukhtar Aws Al-Mukhtar Rehan Saeed Margot Boigon Donald Haas Eduardo Rame | 2020 | World Journal of Cardiology2020，12，10： | 3 |
| 16 | Dietary enrichment of edible insects with omega 3 fatty acids显示文摘Edible insects are advocated as sustainable and healthy food and feed.However,commercially produced insects are often low in n‐3 fatty acids and have suboptimal n‐6/n‐3 ratios.A certain amount and proportion of these FAs is required to optimize human health.Flaxseed oil consists primarily(57%)out of alpha‐linolenic acid.An experiment was conducted to quantify the effect of flaxseed oil provision on fatty acid composition and to determine the quantity needed to attain a beneficial n‐6/n‐3 ratio.Three species were used in the experiment:house crickets(Acheta domesticus[L.]),lesser mealworms(Alphitobius diaperinus[Pfanzer])and black soldier flies(Hermetia illucens[L.]).These were provided with either a control diet or a diet enriched with 1%,2%,or 4%flaxseed oil during their larval/nymphal stage.Fatty acid profiles of diets and insects were determined via GC‐MS.The three species had distinct fatty acid profiles on all four diets,but responded similarly to flaxseed oil addition.For each percent added to the diet,the alpha‐linolenic acid content of the insects increased by 2.3%–2.7%.Four percent addition increased the n‐3 fatty acid content 10–20 fold in the three species and thereby strongly decreased n‐6/n‐3 ratios from 18–36 to 0.8–2.4.A ratio below 5 is considered optimal for human health and was achieved by 2%flaxseed oil inclusion for house crickets and lesser mealworms,and at 1%inclusion for black soldier flies.Adding a source of n‐3 fatty acids to insect diets can thus improve the nutritional quality of insects. | Dennis G.A.B.Oonincx Sophie Laurent Margot E.Veenenbos Joop J.A.van Loon | 2020 | Insect Science2020，27，3： | 3 |
| 17 | 通过模拟学习最大限度地提高物理治疗的临床实习成效(英文)显示文摘本文描述物理治疗专业和物理治疗入门级教育在中国康复医学教育中的演变,提倡以模拟学习技术(simulation-based learning,SBL)为临床实习生积累经验。与医学专业的学生一样,物理治疗专业学生的教育需要一个结构化的临床教育方案,以确保毕业时具备一定的临床专业能力。SBL多年以来一直是医学、工程以及航空专业的首选教学模式。在物理治疗专业培养方案中,SBL培养临床技能的教学模式已经出现。本文亦论述SBL在物理治疗专业入门级教育中的优势,尤其是使用模拟标准化患者作为核心临床教育内容,为学生进入临床实习做好准备。我们建议中国可以将SBL应用在物理治疗专业人才培养方案中,这能够最大限度地提高学生的临床实习经验。 | Alice Y M JONES Margot A SKINNER Elizabeth DEAN | 2015 | 康复学报2015，25，1： | 2 |
| 18 | Protein secretion mechanisms in Gram-negative bacteria显示文摘 | Margot Koster Wilbert Bitter Jan Tommassen | 2000 | International Journal of Medical Microbiology2000，，4： | 2 |
| 19 | 应对全球气候变化:全科医生的临床经验和方法显示文摘背景气候变化是全球公共卫生问题,需要全面深入的思考才能获得行之有效的解决方法。本文从理论上阐述全科医生临床经验和方法对于解决气候变化问题的借鉴意义。讨论我们认为全科医生的经验和特殊思考方式对解决气候变化问题是一笔宝贵的财富。这些财富包括,毕生对'首先不造成伤害'和'处理不确定性'的认知、反思和践行,'面对不完整信息时做出必要决策'的能力,对'复杂自适应系统'的认识,对稳态的维持,对意外后果的警醒,对'跨学科和跨专业'重要性的认识。总结全科医生一直以来都是公共卫生的拥护者。他们对复杂人类问题的处理方式也可用于应对气候变化。 | Grant Blashki Alan Abelsohn Robert Woollard Neil Arya Margot W Parkes Paul Kendal Erica Bell R Warren Bell 邵钧 | 2013 | 中国全科医学2013，16，10： | 2 |
| 20 | Combined evaluation of a panel of protein and miRNA serum‐exosome biomarkers for pancreatic cancer diagnosis increases sensitivity and specificity显示文摘 | Bindhu Madhavan Shijing Yue Uwe Galli Sanyukta Rana Wolfgang Gross Miryam Müller Nathalia A. Giese Holger Kalthoff Thomas Becker Markus W Büchler Margot Z?ller | 2015 | Int. J. Cancer2015，，11： | 2 |
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