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| 1 | Major advances in studies of the physical geography and living environment of China during the past 70 years and future prospects显示文摘The natural environment provides material essentials for human survival and development. The characteristics,processes, regional differentiation and forcing mechanisms of the elements of the natural environment(e.g. geomorphology,climate, hydrology, soil, etc.) are the main objects of research in physical geography. China has a complex natural environment and huge regional differentiation and therefore it provides outstanding reserach opportunities in physical geography. This review summarizes the most important developments and the main contributions of research in the physical geography and human living environment in China during the past 70 years. The major topics addressed are the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the evolution of its cryosphere, the development of fluvial systems, the acidification of the vast arid region of the Asian interior, variations in the monsoon and westerly climate systems on multiple timescales, the development of lakes and wetlands, the watershed system model, soil erosion, past human-environment interactions, biogeography, and physical geographic zonality. After briefly introducing international research developments, we review the history of research in physical geography in China, focusing on the major achievements and major academic debates, and finally we summarize the status of current research and the future prospects. We propose that in the context of the national demand for the construction of an ecological civilization, we should make full use of the research findings of physical geography, and determine the patterns and mechanisms of natural environmental processes in order to continue to promote the continued contribution of physical geography to national development strategies, and to further contribute to the theory of physical geography from a global perspective. | Fahu CHEN Bojie FU Jun XIA Duo WU Shaohong WU Yili ZHANG Hang SUN Yu LIU Xiaomin FANG Boqiang QIN Xin LI Tingjun ZHANG Baoyuan LIU Zhibao DONG Shugui HOU Lide TIAN Baiqing XU Guanghui DONG Jingyun ZHENG Wei YANG Xin WANG Zaijun LI Fei Wang Zhenbo HU Jie WANG Jianbao LIU Jianhui CHEN Wei HUANG Juzhi HOU Qiufang CAI Hao LONG Ming JIANG Yaxian HU Xiaoming FENG Xingguo MO Xiaoyan YANG Dongju ZHANG Xiuhong WANG Yunhe YIN Xiaochen LIU | 2019 | Science China Earth Sciences2019，62，11： | 11 |
| 2 | Classification of Tibetan lakes based on variations in seasonal lake water temperature显示文摘Widespread lakes on the Tibetan Plateau(TP)are valuable archives for investigating climate and environment changes, which could provide essential information on the mechanisms of past climate changes on the TP and their interaction with the global climate systems.However, there is a lack of in-depth investigation of modern limnological processes in the Tibetan lakes, which hampers the understanding of paleolimnological records and lake ecosystem succession. In this study, we performed continuous temperature monitoring at two lakes, Bangong Co, a freshwater lake in the western TP, and Dagze Co, a brackish lake in the central TP, in order to characterize the patterns of seasonal temperature variability, stratification,and mixing. Temperature data for an entire hydrological year demonstrate that Bangong Co is a dimictic lake and that Dagze Co is a meromictic lake. The higher salinity in the deep water at Dagze Co prevents the lake from overturning completely, and this finding is supported by simulations using a physical limnological model Lake Analyzer. Continuous lake water temperature monitoring provides fundamental data for classifying Tibetan lakes, as well as the hydrological basis for understanding their paleolimnological records and ecosystem succession. | Mingda Wang Juzhi Hou Yanbin Lei | 2014 | Chinese Science Bulletin2014，59，34： | 10 |
| 3 | Distribution of GDGTs in lake surface sediments on the Tibetan Plateau and its influencing factors显示文摘Quantitative paleotemperature records are vital not only for verifying and improving the accuracy of climate model simulations, but also for estimating the amplitude of temperature variability under global warming scenarios. The Tibetan Plateau(TP) affects atmospheric circulation patterns due to its unique geographical location and high elevation, and studies of the mechanisms of climate change on the TP are potentially extremely valuable for understanding the relationship of the region with the global climate system. With the development of biomarker-based proxies, it is possible to use lake sediments to quantitatively reconstruct past temperature variability. The source of Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraethers(GDGTs) in lake sediments is complex, and their distribution is controlled by both climatic and environmental factors. In this work, we sampled the surface sediments of 27 lakes on the TP and in addition obtained surface soil samples from six of the lake catchments. We analyzed the factors that influence GDGT distribution in the lake sediments, and established quantitative relationship between GDGTs and Mean Annual Air Temperature(MAAT). Our principal findings are as follows: the majority of GDGTs in the lake sediments are b GDGTs, followed by crenarchaeol and GDGT-0. In most of the lakes there were no significant differences between the GDGT distribution within the lake sediments and the soils in the same catchment, which indicates that the contribution of terrestrial material is important. i GDGTs in lake sediments are mainly influenced by water chemistry parameters(p H and salinity), and that in small lakes on the TP, TEX_(86) may act as a potential proxy for lake p H; however, in contrast b GDGTs in the lake sediments are mainly controlled by climatic factors. Based on the GDGT distribution in the lake sediments, we used proxies(MBT, CBT) and the fractional abundance of b GDGTs(f_(abun)) to establish calibrations between GDGTs and MAAT, respectively, which potentially provide the basis for paleoclimatic reconstruction on the TP. | WANG MingDa LIANG Jie HOU JuZhi HU Liang | 2016 | Science China Earth Sciences2016，59，5： | 8 |
| 4 | Application of orthogonal design to the extraction and HPLC analysis of sedimentary pigments from lakes of the Tibetan Plateau显示文摘沉积颜料是在湖、海洋的生态系统的浮游植物生物资源,社区结构,主要生产率和人的影响的有用代理指示物。颜料由于他们的复杂化学结构是相对易变的,它做质问的沉积颜料的抽取和分析。另外,选择适当方法在缺乏以前的调查的区域学习沉积颜料是重要的。在这研究,我们采用了 L 9(34) 开发抽取和 HPLC (高效液体层析) 的方法的直角的设计在西藏的高原上的二个湖的沉积颜料的分析:meromictic lake-Dagze 公司和 dimictic lake-Jiang 公司直角的设计为抽取和 HPLC 分析包括各种各样的参数的 9 联合。结果证明溶剂的类型和体积是为颜料抽取的最重要的因素,并且活动阶段和列选择为 HPLC 分析是最重要的。为学习地点,我们发现提取沉积颜料的最好的方法如下:acetone:methanol:water 的混合物的使用(80:15:5, v:v:v ) 作为抽取溶剂;10 mL/g 的 solvent/ 样品比率;为 30 s 的 sonication 和为 6 h 的站的抽取。为 HPLC 分析的最好的方法如下:加有活动阶段 A 的 C8 列的 Zorbax 日蚀, methanol:acetonitrile:0.25 M 水的 pyridine (50:25:25, v:v:v ) 并且活动阶段 B,甲醇:acetonitrile:丙酮(20:60:20, v:v:v ) ;活动阶段 A 的 pH 与醋酸适应了 6;并且 HPLC 列温度在 40 | LIANG Jie LI Dong WANG MingDa ZHANG XinYu HOU JuZhi | 2016 | Science China Earth Sciences2016，59，6： | 3 |
| 5 | The temperature record of the Holocene: progress and controversies显示文摘The pattern of temperature variation during the Holocene, the most recent geological epoch, has been studied intensively, partly because of its significance for the development of human civilization. Prior to the 1980s, based on ice core records in Greenland and Antarctica, the climate of the Holocene was thought to have been rather stable (1)However, this view was challenged by the discovery of a substantial amount of contrary evidence. | Juzhi Hou Can-Ge Li Shihyu Lee | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，9： | 3 |
| 6 | Postglacial climate reconstruction based on compound-specific D/H ratios of fatty acids from Blood Pond, New England 显示文摘 | Hou Juzhi Huang Yongsong Wang Yi | 2006 | C eochiemistry Geophysics Geosystems2006，7，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Translation Algorithm of Data Interpretation Technique in Full-Space Transient Electromagnetic Method 显示文摘 | Yang Haiyan Deng Juzhi Tang Hongzhi | 2014 | Journal of Jilin University (Earth Sciences Edition )2014，44，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Cyclic rapid warming on centennial-scale revealed by a 2650-year stalagmite record of warm season temperature显示文摘 | Liu Tungsheng Hou Juzhi | 2003 | Geophysical Research Letters2003，30，12： | 1 |
| 9 | Cyclic rapid warming on centennial-scale revealed by a 2650-year stalagmite record of warm season temperature 显示文摘 | Tan Ming Liu Tungsheng Hou Juzhi | 2003 | Geophysical Research Letters2003，30，： | 1 |
| 10 | Cyclic rapid warming on centennial-scale revealed by a 2650-year stalagmite record of warm season temperature显示文摘 | Ming Tan Tunsheng Liu Juzhi Hou | 2003 | Geophysical Research2003，30，12： | 1 |
| 11 | 2003: Cyclic rapid warming on centennial-scale revealed by a 2650-year stalagmite record of warm season temperature 显示文摘 | Ming Tan Tungsheng Liu Juzhi Hou | 2003 | Geophysical Research Letters2003，30，12： | 1 |
| 12 | Geographic distance and pH drive bacterial distribution in alkaline lake sediments across Tibetan Plateau显示文摘 | Jinbo Xiong Yongqin Liu Xiangui Lin Huayong Zhang Jun Zeng Juzhi Hou Yongping Yang Tandong Yao Rob Knight Haiyan Chu | 2012 | Environmental Microbiology2012，，9： | 1 |
| 13 | Holocene thermal maximum mode versus the continuous warming mode:Problems of data-model comparisons and future research prospects显示文摘The Holocene,the most recent interglacial,provides an important time window for evaluating current global warming and predicting future temperature changes.With the development of new temperature proxies and improvements in climate models,significant progress has been made in understanding Holocene temperature changes.However,a major debate persists about whether global temperatures during the Holocene followed a pattern of gradual warming from the end of the Last Glacial Maximum,which culminated in a temperature maximum in the early to middle Holocene,followed by gradual cooling in the late Holocene(the thermal maximum mode);or whether there was a continuous warming trend that continued to the present day(the continuous warming mode).Significant discrepancies exist between different proxy records as well as between proxy records and models,which have resulted in the “Holocene temperature conundrum” that has challenged paleoclimatologists for the past decade.Here,we summarize the progress made to date in the study of Holocene temperature change via proxy reconstructions,climate model simulations,and paleoclimate data assimilation.We emphasize that the current research has limitations in terms of the multiplicity and seasonality of proxy records,the spatial heterogeneity of temperature records,and the incorporation of feedback processes(e.g.,vegetation,cloudradiation feedback) in climate models.These limitations have hindered a comprehensive understanding of the processes and mechanisms of Holocene temperature changes.To solve the “Holocene temperature conundrum”,it is necessary to strengthen theoretical research on climate proxies from the perspective of the underlying processes and mechanisms,elucidate the seasonal response of various temperature proxies,emphasize regional differences in temperature changes,and expand quantitative temperature reconstructions to areas with limited records.However,it is also necessary to improve the simulation performance of complex feedback processes in climate models,reduce simulation errors,and advance the research on data assimilation of Holocene continental temperature records,which may ultimately lead to the optimal integration of paleoclimate records and simulations. | Fahu CHEN Yanwu DUAN Shuo HAO Jie CHEN Xiaoping FENG Juzhi HOU Xianyong CAO Xu ZHANG Tianjun ZHOU | 2023 | Science China Earth Sciences2023，66，8： | 1 |
| 14 | Cyclic rapid warming on centennial-scale revealed by a 2 650-year stalagmite record of warm season temperature显示文摘 | Ming Tan Tungsheng Liu Juzhi Hou | 2003 | Geophysical Research Letters2003，30，： | 1 |
| 15 | Cyclic rapid warming on centennial-scale revealed by a 2 650-year stalag- mite record of warm season temperature显示文摘 | TAN Ming LIU Tungsheng HOU Juzhi | 2003 | Geophysical Re- search Letters 302003，30，12： | 1 |
| 16 | Stable isotope records of plant cover change and monsoon variation in the past 2 200 years: evidence from laminated stalagmites in Bei- jing, China显示文摘 | HOU Juzhi TAN Ming CHENG Hai | 2003 | Boreas2003，32，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Cyclic rapid warming on centennial-scale revealed by a 2650-year stalagmite record of warm season temperature显示文摘 | Tan Ming Liu Tungsheng Hou Juzhi | 2003 | Geophysical Research Letters2003，30，： | 1 |
| 18 | Spatiotemporal variation of rainy season span and precipitation recorded by lacustrine laminated pollen in the Tibetan Plateau during the past two millennia显示文摘The quantitative reconstruction of the length of the rainy season and precipitation on the Tibetan Plateau(TP) is crucial for revealing the spatiotemporal evolution of the Westerlies and Asian summer monsoon, as well as its ecological and environmental effects. Accurately determining the start and end times of the rainy season on the Plateau remains challenging.This study determined the start and end times of the rainy season in different locations on the Plateau by identifying precipitation inflection points. We calculated the duration and precipitation amount of the rainy season and established a transfer function between the modern pollen assemblages and them. Then, we reconstructed the rainy season variations in Kusai Lake(northern TP) and Jiang Co(central TP) during the past two millennia. The results showed that, the rainy season precipitation in Kusai Lake recorded five periods of high precipitation: AD 580–680, 1000–1100, 1200–1450, 1550–1780, and 1920–present, corresponding to the stages with long rainy season. The rainy season precipitation sequence in Jiang Co recorded four periods of high precipitation: AD 80–500, 800–950, 1250–1450, and 1780–present, which is consistent with the long rainy season before AD 1000 but unclear afterward. Spatially, rainy season precipitation on the Plateau exhibited four patterns: “wet in both north and south” may be related to abnormally strong summer monsoons;“dry in both north and south” likely associated with weak Westerly wind and weak summer monsoon;“wet in the south and dry in the north” linked to strong summer monsoon and weak Westerly wind;and “dry in the south and wet in the north” connected to weak summer monsoon and strong Westerly wind. This study revealed the spatiotemporal evolution pattern of the rainy season onset and end, duration, and precipitation amount on the Plateau over the past two millennia. It provides natural background support for further understanding the coupling between Westerly wind and Asian summer monsoon. | Anning CUI Houyuan LU Juzhi HOU Xingqi LIU Deke XU | 2024 | Science China Earth Sciences2024，67，3： | 0 |
| 19 | Hydrological Variations and the Ancient Silk Road in the Northern Tarim Basin between Han and Sui Dynasties显示文摘The fluctuation pattern of China’s civilization can be ascribed to climate change and historical geopolitical variations. The ancient Silk Road served as the most prosperous route connecting East Asia and Europe during Han Dynasty(206 BC–220 AD) and Sui-Tang Dynasties(581–907 AD), but was deserted in Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern dynasties(220–580 AD), of which the Tarim Basin was a key area. However, our understanding about the decline of the route during this period remains limited. Here, we present an ~7-year resolution record based on optically stimulated luminescence(OSL) age-depth model(ca. 120 BC–750 AD) from Luntai(LT) profile, about 5 km from the modern Tarim River, which fed the ancient oases, to assess the potential causes on the documented decline of the ancient Silk Road between Late Han and Sui dynasties. In this study, five episodes of hydrological change were identified by combining grain size, magnetic susceptibility, geochemistry and TOC/TN contents. Our reconstruction reveals that cold and wet climate dominated at 120 BC–50 AD and 550–750 AD, respectively, indicated by strong hydrodynamic conditions. Relatively warm and humid climate occurred at 120–550 AD, between Eastern Han and Sui-Tang dynasties, indicating a better and more suitable local environment. A comparison between the studied region and other areas of China demonstrates that the paleoclimatic variations in eastern and western China exhibit rough discrepancies, and the hydrological conditions in arid region is inconsistent with the decline of ancient Silk Road in the northern Tarim Basin. We suggest that political and societal factors are the key issues that caused the interruption of Silk Road during Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern dynasties, such as the co-occurrence of societal crises, turmoil and division in eastern China, rather than the deteriorating climatic condition in the northern Tarim basin. | Lü Fenglin ZHANG Hua HOU Juzhi CAO Xianyong LIU Chenglin | 2020 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2020，94，3： | 0 |
| 20 | Paleohydrological Changes in the Western Tibetan Plateau over the Past 16,000 years Based on Sedimentary Records of n-Alkanes and Grain Size显示文摘Both monsoons and westerlies have exerted influence on climate dynamics over the Tibetan Plateau(TP) since the last deglaciation, producing complex patterns of paleohydroclimatic conditions. Diverse proxy records are essential to forge a robust understanding of the climate system on the TP. Currently, there is a general lack of understanding of the response of inland lakes over the TP to climate change, especially glacier-fed lakes. Paleohydrological reconstructions of such lakes could deepen our understanding of the history of lake systems and their relationship to regional climate variability. Here we use records of n-alkanes and grain size from the sediments of Bangong Co in the western TP to reconstruct paleohydrological changes over the past 16,000 years. The Paq record(the ratio of non-emergent aquatic macrophytes versus emergent aquatic macrophytes and terrestrial plants) is generally consistent with the variations in summer temperature and precipitation isotopes. The changes in grain-size distributions show a similar trend to Paq but with less pronounced fluctuations in the early-middle Holocene. The new data combined with previous results from the site demonstrate that: 1) Bangong Co experienced relatively large water-level fluctuations during the last deglaciation, with a steadily high lake-level during the early-middle Holocene and a decreasing lake-level in the late Holocene;2) The lake level fluctuations were driven by both high summer temperatures via the melting water and monsoon precipitation. However, the dominant factor controlling lake level changed over time. The lake-level history at Bangong Co deduced from the n-alkanes and grain-size records reveals the past hydrological changes in the catchment area, and stimulates more discussion about the future of glacier-fed lakes under the conditions of unprecedented warming in the region. | WANG Mingda YANG Yaping ZHANG Jiawu HOU Juzhi | 2020 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2020，94，3： | 0 |
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