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| 1 | Increased proliferation activity measured by immunoreactive Ki67 is associated with survival improvement in rectal/recto sigmoid cancer显示文摘AIM: To assess the expression of Ki67 as prognosticator in rectal/recto sigmoid cancer.METHODS: Samples from 146 patients with rectal and recto sigmoid cancer were studied for expression of Ki67 and its prognostic significance in comparison with clinicopathological predictors of survival. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from 6 (4.1%) patients with T1, 26 (17.8%) with T2, 94 (64.4%) with T3, and 20 (13.7%) with T4 tumors were studied. Ki67 expression was determined immunohistochemically. Samples were divided according to mean value into high (>40%) and low (≤40%) expression. Areas of extensive proliferation (>50%) were defined as 'hot spot' areas. RESULTS: Hot spot areas were present in samples regardless of histopathological grade. Lower TNM and Dukes stage and higher expression of Ki67 and presence of Ki67 hot spot areas in histopathological samples were associated with better survival, whereas no association was observed with histopathological grade (P = 0.78). In Cox multivariate regression analysis, significant prognostic factors were Dukes stage (P<0.001), presence of lymph node metastases (P = 0.015), age (P = 0.035) andpresence of Ki67 hot spot areas (P = 0.044). CONCLUSION: Proliferative activity as measured by Ki67 in rectal cancer is associated with survival improvement compared with patients with low Ki67. Areas of prognostically significant increased proliferation were found independently of histopathological tumor grade. | Eeva Salminen Salla Palmu Tero Vahlberg Peter J.Roberts Karl-Owe S(o|¨)derstr(o|¨)m | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，21： | 15 |
| 2 | 世界腹腔间隙学会腹内高压和腹腔间隙综合征2013版专家共识与诊疗指南显示文摘随着人们对腹内压(intra-abdominal pressure,IAP)的重视,大量研究开始关注腹内高压(intraabdominal hypertension,IAH)和腹腔间隙综合征(abdominal compartment syndrome,ACS).世界腹腔间隙学会(The abdominal compartment society,WSACS)先后在2006年提出了IAH和ACS的专家共识,2007年发表了诊疗指南,2009年明确了疾病相关研究的推荐方向.2013年WSACS发布了新的IAH和ACS专家共识与诊疗指南.该指南由多学科专家共同参与制定,大部分是外科专家和重症监护专家.专家们首先明确24个临床医师关心的IAH和ACS问题,随后进行了系统有序的文献整理. | Andrew W.Kirkpatrick Derek J.Roberts Jan De Waele Roman Jaeschke Manu L.N.G.Malbrain Bart De Keulenaer Juan Duchesne Martin Bjorc Ari Leppaniemi | 2015 | 中华外科杂志2015，53，3： | 15 |
| 3 | Efficacy of combined cataract extraction and endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation for the reduction of intraocular pressure and medication burden显示文摘AIM: To report on the efficacy of combined endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation(ECP) and phacoemulsification cataract extraction(PCE) with intraocular lens placement for reduction of intraocular pressure(IOP) and medication burden in glaucoma.·METHODS: A retrospective case review of 91 eyes(73patients) with glaucoma and cataract that underwent combined PCE/ECP surgery was performed. Baseline demographic and ocular characteristics were recorded,as well as intraocular pressure, number of glaucoma medications, and visual acuity postoperatively with 12-month follow-up. Treatment failure was defined as less than 20% reduction in IOP from baseline on two consecutive visits(at 1, 3, 6, or 12 mo postoperatively),IOP ≥21 mm Hg or ≤5 mm Hg on two consecutive visits, or additional glaucoma surgery performed within12 mo after PCE/ECP.·RESULTS: Overall, mean medicated IOP was reduced from 16.65 mm Hg at baseline to 13.38 mm Hg at 12mo(P <0.0001). Mean number of glaucoma medications was reduced from 1.88 medications at baseline to 1.48 medications at 12mo(P =0.0003). At 3mo postoperatively,the success rate was 73.6%(95%CI: 63.3, 81.5), 57.1% at6mo(95% CI: 46.3, 66.6), and 49.7% at 12mo(95% CI:38.9, 59.6). Patient demographic characteristics were not associated with treatment success. The only ocular characteristic associated with treatment success was a higher baseline IOP.· CONCLUSION: Combined PCE/ECP surgery is an effective surgical option for the reduction of IOP and medication burden in glaucoma patients. Patients withhigher baseline IOP levels are most likely to benefit from this procedure. | Sammie J.Roberts Matthew Mulvahill Jeffrey R.SooHoo Mina B.Pantcheva Malik Y.Kahook Leonard K.Seibold | 2016 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2016，9，5： | 11 |
| 4 | Inheritance and allelism of morphological traits in eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis L.)显示文摘Inheritance of purple,gold,and variegated foliage types,weeping architecture,and double flower was explored in F1,F2,and backcross families resulting from controlled hybridization of eastern redbud(Cercis canadensis L.).Potential allelic relationships were explored when possible.Inheritance analysis in families derived from controlled hybridization of‘Covey’(green leaf)and‘Forest Pansy’(purple leaf)suggest that purple leaf color and weeping architecture are both controlled by single recessive genes,for which the symbols pl1 and wp1 are proposed,respectively.Inheritance of gold leaf was explored in families of‘Covey’(green leaf)בHearts of Gold’(gold leaf).Interpretation of inheritance of gold leaf in these families was confounded by the recovery of a leaf color phenotype in the F2 family unlike either parent.However,data suggested the action of a single locus controlling gold leaf color in‘Hearts of Gold’,and that instability of gold leaf expression may be based on transposable element activity.Segregation of gold leaf in the F2 families of‘Texas White’[green leaf(C.canadensis var.texensis)]בJN2’[gold leaf(The Rising Sun)]did not fit a Mendelian ratio.Analysis of progeny of‘Silver Cloud’and‘Floating Clouds’(both showing white/green leaf variegation)with non-variegated cultivars demonstrated that variegation in‘Silver Cloud’is controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene,while variegation in‘Floating Clouds’is controlled by cytoplasmic factors.The symbol var1 is proposed for the gene controlling variegation in‘Silver Cloud’.Double flower in progeny derived from‘Flame’(double flower)suggested that double flower is dominant to single flower,and that‘Flame’is heterozygous at the double-flower locus,for which the symbol Df1 is proposed.Allelism studies showed that the gene controlling purple leaf in‘Forest Pansy’is allelic to the purple leaf gene in‘Greswan’and that the gene controlling weeping phenotype in‘Traveller’(C.canadensis var.texensis)is non-allelic to the weeping gene found in‘Covey’.Allelism of the gold leaf trait in‘Hearts of Gold’and‘JN2’was investigated,but no clear conclusions regarding allelism could be made due to recovery of leaf color phenotypes unlike either parent. | David J.Roberts Dennis J.Werner Phillip A.Wadl Robert N.Trigiano | 2015 | Horticulture Research2015，2，1： | 3 |
| 5 | 研究性学习在美国显示文摘美语中有一个与“研究性学习”意义最为接近的缩略词,叫做PBL(projeet—BasedLearning),意即“基于项目的学习”(也可作Problem—BasedLearning解,意即“基于问题”的学习,本文不取此义),在美国,研究性学习又称为PBL。美国普渡大学的一项研究表明,若实施得当,研究性学习不仅能够改善学生的学习态度, | 吴维宁 | 2015 | 广西教育2015，0，36： | 2 |
| 6 | The Role of Synthetic Biology in Atmospheric Greenhouse Gas Reduction: Prospects and Challenges显示文摘The long atmospheric residence time of CO2 creates an urgent need to add atmospheric carbon drawdown to CO2 regulatory strategies.Synthetic and systems biology(SSB),which enables manipulation of cellular phenotypes,offers a powerful approach to amplifying and adding new possibilities to current land management practices aimed at reducing atmospheric carbon.The participants(in attendance:Christina Agapakis,George Annas,Adam Arkin,George Church,Robert Cook-Deegan,Charles DeLisi,Dan Drell,Sheldon Glashow,Steve Hamburg,Henry Jacoby,Henry Kelly,Mark Kon,Todd Kuiken,Mary Lidstrom,Mike MacCracken,June Medford,Jerry Melillo,Ron Milo,Pilar Ossorio,Ari Patrinos,Keith Paustian,Kristala Jones Prather,Kent Redford,David Resnik,John Reilly,Richard J.Roberts,Daniel Segre,Susan Solomon,Elizabeth Strychalski,Chris Voigt,Dominic Woolf,Stan Wullschleger,and Xiaohan Yang)identified a range of possibilities by which SSB might help reduce greenhouse gas concentrations and which might also contribute to environmental sustainability and adaptation.These include,among other possibilities,engineering plants to convert CO2 produced by respiration into a stable carbonate,designing plants with an increased root-to-shoot ratio,and creating plants with the ability to self-fertilize.A number of serious ecological and societal challenges must,however,be confronted and resolved before any such application can be fully assessed,realized,and deployed. | Charles DeLisi Aristides Patrinos Michael MacCracken Dan Drell George Annas Adam Arkin George Church Robert Cook-Deegan Henry Jacoby Mary Lidstrom Jerry Melillo Ron Milo Keith Paustian John Reilly Richard J.Roberts Daniel Segrè Susan Solomon Dominic Woolf Stan D.Wullschleger Xiaohan Yang | 2020 | BioDesign Research2020，，1： | 2 |
| 7 | 温室地面加热系统显示文摘 | A.J.both David R.Mears Eugene Reiss William J.Roberts 张跃峰 | 2003 | 农村实用工程技术(温室园艺)2003，，5： | 2 |
| 8 | Clostridium novyi-NT in cancer therapy显示文摘The attenuated anaerobic bacterium Clostridium novyi-NT(C.novyi-NT)is known for its ability to precisely germinate in and eradicate treatment-resistant hypoxic tumors in various experimental animal models and spontaneously occurring canine sarcomas.In this article,we review the therapeutic and toxicologic aspects of C.novyi-NT therapy,key challenges and limitations,and promising strategies to optimize its performance via recombinant DNA technology and immunotherapeutic approaches,to establish C.novyi-NT as an essential tool in cancer therapy. | Verena Staedtke Nicholas J.Roberts Ren-Yuan Bai Shibin Zhou | 2016 | Genes & Diseases2016，3，2： | 1 |
| 9 | On the unreliability of published DNA sequences显示文摘 | Paul D.Bridge Peter J.Roberts Brian M.Spooner GitaPanchal | 2003 | New Phytologist2003，，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Analysis of nitrite reductase (nirK and nirS) genes and cultivation reveal depauperate community of denitrifying bacteria in the Black Sea suboxic zone显示文摘 | Brian B.Oakley Christopher A.Francis Kathryn J.Roberts Clara A.Fuchsman S.Srinivasan James T.Staley | 2006 | Environmental Microbiology2006，，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Distinct risk factors for early and late blood transfusion following pancreaticoduodenectomy显示文摘Background: The International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery(ISGPS) has defined two periods of postpancreatectomy hemorrhage, early(<24 h) and late(>24 h). A previously published Blood Usage Risk Score(BURS) aimed to predict early and late blood transfusion. The primary aim of this study was to define risk factors for early and late blood transfusion after pancreaticoduodenectomy. Secondary aims were to assess the predictive accuracy of the BURS.Methods: In this retrospective observational study, multivariable analyses were used to identify independent risk factors for both early and late blood transfusion. The predictive ability of the BURS was then assessed using a receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis.Results: Among 628 patients, 99(15.8%) and 144(22.9%) received early and late blood transfusion, respectively. Risk factors for blood transfusion differed between early and late periods. Preoperative anemia and venous resection were associated with early blood transfusion whilst Whipple's resection(as opposed to pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy), lack of biliary stent and a narrow pancreatic duct were predictors of late blood transfusion. The BURS was significantly predictive of early blood transfusion,albeit with a modest degree of accuracy(AUROC: 0.700, P < 0.001), but not of late blood transfusion(AUROC: 0.525, P = 0.360). Late blood transfusion was independently associated with increasing severity of postoperative pancreatic fistula(POPF)(OR: 1.85, 3.18 and 9.97 for biochemical, types B and C POPF,respectively, relative to no POPF).Conclusions: Two largely different sets of variables are related to early and late blood transfusion following pancreaticoduodenectomy. The BURS was significantly associated with early, albeit with modest predictive accuracy, but not late blood transfusion. An understanding of POPF risk allows assessment of the need for late blood transfusion. | Sukhchain S.Bansal James Hodson Khalid Khalil Bobby Dasari Ravi Marudanayagam Robert P.Sutcliffe John Isaac Keith J.Roberts | 2018 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2018，17，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor α in the human breast cancer cell lines MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231显示文摘 | Kate M.Suchanek Fiona J.May Jodie A.Robinson Won JaeLee Nicola A.Holman Gregory R.Monteith Sarah J.Roberts‐Thomson | 2002 | Mol. Carcinog2002，，4： | 1 |
| 13 | TLR2 activation inhibits embryonic neural progenitor cell proliferation显示文摘 | EitanOkun Kathleen J.Griffioen TaeGen Son Jong‐HwanLee Nicholas J.Roberts Mohamed R.Mughal EmmetteHutchison AiwuCheng Thiruma V.Arumugam Justin D.Lathia HenrietteVan Praag Mark P.Mattson | 2010 | Journal of Neurochemistry2010，，： | 1 |
| 14 | Will Increeased Regulation of Stock Index Futures Reduce Stock Market Volatility显示文摘 | Becketti Sean Dan J.Roberts | | 0，，06： | 1 |
| 15 | 第八章利用“DNA指纹图谱”监测PRRS病毒感染的母猪群显示文摘◆相同病毒的不同基因形式通常称为'株'。'株'不是描述PRRS病毒的一个定义术语,但它通常被用来描述PRRS病毒的变种。◆基因序列是PRRS病毒毒株的'DNA指纹图谱'。◆PRRS病毒含有一条由包含其遗传信息的15 000个核苷酸块组成的链。由于整条链的序列测定费用太昂贵,因此只有一小部分,即开放阅读框架5(Open Reading Frame 5,ORF5)进行了测序,以用于区分不同的毒株。ORF5是指导大部分围绕病毒的包膜蛋白进行合成的遗传蓝图(geneticblueprint)。包膜蛋白的合成往往会引发猪恢复阶段的免疫反应。众所周知,ORF5也频繁变异。ORF5变异与免疫力间的关系使这一区域同样是区分PRRS病毒'株'和评估变异的最有用的基因位点。◆在采集基因组测序用的样本时,必须要比采集检测用的典型血液样本更小心。测序的费用是血样检测费用的10~20倍。必需制定计划,以指定适合采样的动物,决定采集多少头猪的样本,并确定多久重复采样一次。◆PRRS病毒序列的收集可以用来自同一猪群不同时间段样本测序结果进行累积。这些序列之间的关系可用系谱又称系统发生树或树枝形结构图进行说明。这些系谱图可以用来说明是否有新的病毒毒株传入,或该猪群在整个测定期内一直流行着相同的毒株。◆系谱图可以量化分支的长度、不同PRRS病毒株间的关系密切程度。变异株间关系越紧密,由一个病毒株产生的免疫保护力对另一毒株攻击产生交叉保护的可能性越大。系谱图似乎能够预测某一PRRS疫苗的免疫成功率,但是目前对于猪繁殖与呼吸综合症病毒感染的免疫应答还知之甚少,以致于无法采用基因组测序。 | J.Roberts 郭传凤 | 2012 | 国外畜牧学(猪与禽)2012，，9： | 1 |
| 16 | 美国大学的办学理念及其影响显示文摘美国的大学使用英语作为教学用语,其著名大学的排名位居世界前列,使成千上万的海外学子赴美求学。美国大学对世界的影响在于其先进的理念和良好的学术环境。 | Keith J.Roberts Y.K.Peter Chan 王永颜(翻译) | 2008 | 国家教育行政学院学报2008，，7： | 0 |
| 17 | Transport and Deposition of Saharan Dust Observed from Satellite Images and Ground Measurements显示文摘Haboob occurrence strongly impacts the annual variability of airborne desert dust in North Africa.In fact,more dust is raised from erodible surfaces in the early summer(monsoon)season when deep convective storms are common but soil moisture and vegetation cover are low.On 27 June 2018,a large dust storm is initiated over North Africa associated with an intensive westward dust transport.Far away from emission sources,dust is transported over the Atlantic for the long distance.Dust plume is emitted by a strong surface wind and further becomes a type of haboob when it merges with the southwestward deep convective system in central Mali at 0200 UTC(27 June).We use satellite observations to describe and estimate the dust mass concentration during the event.Approximately 93%of emitted dust is removed the dry deposition from the atmosphere between sources(10°N–25°N;1°W–8°E)and the African coast(6°N–21°N;16°W–10°W).The convective cold pool has induced large economic and healthy damages,and death of animals in the northeastern side of Senegal.ERA5 reanalysis has shown that the convective mesoscale impacts strongly the climatological location of the Saharan heat low(SHL). | Habib Senghor Alex J.Roberts Abdou L.Dieng Dahirou Wane Cheikh Dione Mouhamed Fall Abdoulahat Diop Amadou T.Gaye John Marsham | 2021 | Journal of Atmospheric Science Research2021，4，2： | 0 |
| 18 | 镀锡线上张力矫直机的工作显示文摘张力矫直机的安装除了改进进料系统方便操作之外,在带材板形上也有大的改善,并且提高了生产率,增加了产量。运转问题也经受了检验。 | J.Roberts R.T.Grimm 张念晖 | 1994 | 一重技术1994，，2： | 0 |
| 19 | Lacrosse-related injuries in boys and girls treated in U.S.emergency departments,2000-2016显示文摘Background:Lacrosse is one of the fastest-growing sports in the United States.Its rules regarding permitted contact differ by sex and age.There are no known studies using a nationally representative data set to analyze lacrosse injury patterns over several years by sex and age in the youth population.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed using data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System for youth aged 11-18 years who were treated for lacrosse-related injuries in U.S.emergency departments from 2000 to 2016.Based on our review of the case narratives,we created and coded a new injury-mechanism variable.We generated national estimates from 6406 cases.Results:An estimated 206,274 lacrosse-related injuries to youths aged 11-18 years were treated in U.S.emergency departments from 2000 to 2016.The rate of injuries per 10,000 significantly increased from 1.9 in 2000 to a peak of 5.3 in 2012(p<0.0001),followed by a significant decrease to 3.4 in 2016(p=0.020).Injury mechanism,body part injured,and diagnosis differed by sex.Boys were 1.62 times(95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.25-2.09)more likely than girls to be injured by player-to-player contact.Girls were 2.21 times(95%CI:1.96-2.49)more likely than boys to have non-contact injuries.Overall,as age increased,the percentage of injuries from lacrosse sticks decreased and player-toplayer contact increased.Conclusion:Despite additional protective regulations in the sport,lacrosse is an important source of injury where we continue to see differences by sex and age.This study supports the continuation,modification,and addition of rules aimed at reducing lacrosse injury risk. | Joseph M.Bano Rebecca J.McAdams Kristin J.Roberts Jingzhen Yang Lara B.McKenzie | 2023 | Journal of Sport and Health Science2023，12，3： | 0 |
| 20 | RTE(实时企业)系列讲座之三——成为RTE的价值显示文摘“信息流动”速度的大幅度提升、首先推动了内部业务流程的自动化,现在又开始影了外部流程。在这样的时代,还在使用非实时数据,有时会付出昂贵的代价。 | J.Roberts | 2003 | 中国计算机用户2003，，13： | 0 |
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