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| 1 | Metal organic frameworks derived single atom catalysts for electrocatalytic energy conversion显示文摘The development of efficient and cost-effective catalysts to catalyze a wide variety of electrochemical reactions is key to realize the large-scale applicati on of ren ewable and clean en ergy tech no logies.Owing to the maximum atom-utilization efficie ncy and unique electronic and geometric structures,single atom catalysts(SACs)have exhibited superior performance in various catalytic systems.Recently,assembled from the function alized orga nic lin kers and metal no des,metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)with ultrafi ne porosity have received treme ndous attention as precursors or self-sacrificing templates for preparing porous SACs.Here,the recent advances toward the synthesis strategies for using MOF precursors/templates to con struct SACs are systematically summarized with special emphasis on the types of central metal sites.The electrochemical applications of these recently emerged MOF-derived SACs for various energy-conversion processes,such as oxygen reduction/evolution reaction(ORR/OER),hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),and CO2 reduction reaction(CO2RR),are also discussed and reviewed.Fin ally,the curre nt challe nges and prospects regardi ng the developme nt of MOF-derived SACs are proposed. | Tingting Sun Lianbin Xu Dingsheng Wang Yadong Li | 2019 | Nano Research2019，12，9： | 63 |
| 2 | 论文化的可译性显示文摘一、从“龙”的翻译说起大凡论及中国文化,人们总不免提起“龙”。四海之内的中国人都把自己看作是“龙”的传人。在中国人的心目中,“龙”是神圣的象征,是中华民族凝聚力的标志。汉语中与“龙”有关的词语无一不是褒义词,如“龙腾虎跃”、“龙飞凤舞”等。中国文化常... | 左飚 | 1999 | 上海翻译1999，0，2： | 38 |
| 3 | 美国低阶煤提质技术发展概述显示文摘回顾了美国低阶煤提质技术的发展历程;重点介绍了LFC技术和ACCP技术的工艺流程、技术特点、开发历程和商业化示范装置运行概况;综合分析认为,LFC技术和ACCP技术已具备商业化应用的技术基础,建议我国可适时引进美国低阶煤提质技术,以提升我国低阶煤加工技术的进步。 | 游伟 赵涛 章卫星 何正兆 皮金林 毕东煌 | 2009 | 化肥设计2009，47，4： | 17 |
| 4 | 1992-2015年全球耕地变化对陆地生态系统服务价值的影响(英文)显示文摘From 1992 to 2015, ecological environment has been threatened by the changes of cropland around the world. In order to evaluate the impact of cropland changes on ecosystem, we calculated the response of terrestrial ecosystem service values (TESVs) variation to cropland conversion based on land-use data from European Space Agency (ESA). The results showed that cropland changes were responsible for an absolute loss of $166.82 billion, equivalent to 1.17% of global TESVs in 1992. Among the different regions, the impact of cropland changes on TESVs was significant in South America and Africa but not obvious in Oceania, Asia and Europe. Cropland expansion from tropical forest was the main reason for decreases in TESVs globally, especially in South America, Africa and Asia. The effect of wetland converted to cropland was notable in North America and Europe while grassland converted to cropland played an important role in Oceania, Africa and Asia. In Europe, the force of urban expansion cannot be ignored as well. The conversion of cropland to tropical or temperate forest partly compensated for the loss of TESVs globally, especially in Asia. | 李圆圆 谈明洪 郝海广 | 2019 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2019，29，3： | 16 |
| 5 | Application of deep eutectic solvents in biomass pretreatment and conversion显示文摘Biomass is renewable, abundant, cheap, biocompatible, and biodegradable materials and has been used to produce chemicals, materials,energy, and fuels. However, most of the biomass, especially most of the biomass polymers are not soluble in common solvents, which hinders their pretreatment and conversion. Deep eutectic solvents(DESs) are environmental-friendly, cheap, and highly tunable, with high solubility,which renders them potential applications in biomass pretreatment and conversion. They could be used as solvents or catalysts and so on. This paper intends to review the application of DESs for the pretreatment of biomass and conversion of biomass to value-added products. We focus on the following topics related to biomass and DESs:(1) DESs for the pretreatment of biomass;(2) DESs for the dissolution and separation of biomass or extraction of chemicals from biomass;(3) DESs for biomass conversion;(4) Drawbacks, and recyclability of DESs for pretreatment and conversion of biomass. | Yu Chen Tiancheng Mu | 2019 | Green Energy & Environment2019，4，2： | 15 |
| 6 | ODE CONVERSION TECHNIQUES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS显示文摘In this paper,a number of ordinary differential equation(ODE)conversion techniques for trans-formation of nonstandard ODE boundary value problems into standard forms are summarised,together withtheir applications to a variety of boundary value problems in computational solid mechanics,such as eigenvalueproblem,geometrical and material nonlinear problem,elastic contact problem and optimal design problemsthrough some simple and representative examples,The advantage of such approach is that various ODE bounda-ry value problems in computational mechanics can be solved effectively in a unified manner by invoking a stand-ard ODE solver. | 袁驷 | 1991 | Acta Mechanica Sinica1991，7，3： | 14 |
| 7 | Aerosol optical depth retrieval by HJ-1/CCD supported by MODIS surface reflectance data显示文摘The high spatial resolution and temporal observation frequency of HJ-1/CCD make it suitable for aerosol monitoring.However,because of the lack of a shortwave infrared band,it is difficult to use HJ-1/CCD imagery to retrieve aerosol optical depth(AOD).We developed a new algorithm for HJ-1/CCD AOD retrieval by introducing MODIS surface reflectance outputs(MOD09) as support.In this algorithm HJ-1/CCD blue band surface reflectance was retrieved through MOD09 blue band surface reflectance by band matching of the two sensors.AOD at 550 nm was then generated through a pre-calculated look-up table for HJ-1/CCD.Eighteen HJ-1/CCD images covering the Jing-Jin-Tang(Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan) region were used to retrieve AOD using the new algorithm,and the AODs were then validated using AERONET ground measurements in Beijing and Xianghe.The validation shows that compared with AERONET ground measurements,27/29 AODs have error less than 0.1 in absolute value. | SUN Lin1,2,SUN ChangKui1,LIU QinHuo2 & ZHONG Bo2 1Geomatics College,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266510,China 2State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，S1： | 14 |
| 8 | Comparison of the Global Energy Cycle between Chinese Reanalysis Interim and ECMWF Reanalysis显示文摘The global energy cycle is a diagnostic metric widely used to gauge the quality of datasets. In this paper, the 'Mixed Space-Time Domain' method for diagnosis of energy cycle is evaluated by using newly developed datasets-the Chinese Reanalysis Interim (CRAI) and ECMWF Reanalysis version 5 (ERA5), over a 7-yr period (2010-16) on seasonal and monthly timescales. The results show that the energy components calculated from the two reanalysis datasets are highly consistent;however, some components in the global energy integral from CRAI are slightly larger than those from ERA5. The main discrepancy in the energy components stems from the conversion of baroclinic process, whereas the dominant difference originates from the conversion from stationary eddy available potential energy to stationary eddy kinetic energy (CES), which is caused by systematic differences in the temperature and vertical velocity in low-mid latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and near the Antarctic, where there exist complex terrains. Furthermore, the monthly analysis reveals that the general discrepancy in the temporal variation between the two datasets also lie mainly in the CES as well as corresponding generation and dissipation rates. | Bin ZHAO Bo ZHANG Chunxiang SHI Jingwei LIU Lipeng JIANG | 2019 | Journal of Meteorological Research2019，33，3： | 14 |
| 9 | 振荡型波浪能转换装置中两种优化方法研究显示文摘该文基于线性波理论,从载体在波浪中的运动方程出发,以两种不同的优化角度推导了波能装置输出能量最大时的表现形式,最后以圆柱体作为波浪能转换的载体分析了两者方法的差异。数值计算表明在同一水深下,波能装置浮体的水线面决定了波能装置最优转换效率的趋势,而吃水深度决定了波能装置可达到的最大转换效率;对波能装置参数优化后运动在共振点的波能装置其转换效率并不是最大,而优化后的最大转换效率并不发生在共振点上。 | 吴必军 吝红军 游亚戈 冯波 盛松伟 | 2010 | 太阳能学报2010，31，6： | 12 |
| 10 | Conversion therapy and suitable timing for subsequent salvage surgery for initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: What is new?显示文摘AIM To review the conversion therapy for initially unre-sectable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients and the suitable timing for subsequent salvage surgery. METHODS A Pub Med search was undertaken from 1987 to 2017 to identify articles using the keywords including 'unresectable' 'hepatocellular carcinoma', 'hepate-ctomy', 'conversion therapy', 'resection', 'salvage surgery' and 'downstaging'. Additional studies were investigated through a manual search of the references from the articles. The exclusion criteria were duplicates, case reports, case series, videos, contents unrelated to the topic, comments, and editorial essays. The main and widely used conversion therapies and the suitable timing for subsequent salvage surgery were discussed in detail. Two members of our group independently performed the literature search and data extraction. RESULTS Liver volume measurements [future liver remnant(FLR)/total liver volume or residual liver volume/bodyweight ratio] and function tests(scoring systems and liver stiffness) were often performed in order to justify whether patients were suitable candidates for surgery. Successful conversion therapy was usually defined as downstaging the tumor, increasing FLR and providing subsequent salvage surgery, without increasing com-plications, morbidity or mortality. The requirementsfor performing salvage surgery after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization were the achievement of a partial remission in radiology, the disappearance of the portal vein thrombosis, and the lack of extrahepatic metastasis. Patients with a standardized FLR(sF LR) > 20% were good candidates for surgery after portal vein embolization, while other predictive parameters like growth rate, kinetic growth rate were treated as an effective supplementary. There was probably not enough evidence to provide a standard operation time after associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy or yttrium-90 microsphere radioembolization. The indications of any combinations of conversion therapies and the subsequent salvage surgery time still need to be carefully and comprehen-sively evaluated. CONCLUSION Conversion therapy is recommended for the treatment of initially unresectable HCC, and the suitable subse-quent salvage surgery time should be reappraised and is closely related to its previous therapeutic effect. | Ze-Feng Zhang Yu-Jun Luo Quan Lu Shi-Xue Dai Wei-Hong Sha | 2018 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2018，6，9： | 11 |
| 11 | Conversion of laparoscopic colorectal resection for cancer: What is the impact on short-term outcomes and survival?显示文摘Laparoscopic resection for colon and rectal cancer is associated with quicker return of bowel function, reduced postoperative morbidity rates and shorter length of hospital stay compared to open surgery, with no differences in long-term survival. Conversion to open surgery is reported in up to 30% of patients enrolled in randomized control trials comparing open and laparoscopic colorectal resection for cancer. In this review, reasons for conversion are anatomical-related factors, disease-related-factors and surgeon-related factors. Body mass index, local tumour extension and co-morbidities are independent predictors of conversion. The current evidence has shown that patients with converted resection for colon cancer have similar outcomes compared to patients undergoing a laparoscopic completed or open resection. The few studies that have assessed the outcomes after conversion of laparoscopic rectal resection reported significantly higher rates of complications and longer length of hospital stay in converted patients compared to laparoscopically treated patients. No definitive conclusions can be drawn when converted and open rectal resections are compared. Early and pre-emptive conversion appears to have more favourable outcomes than reactive conversion; however, further large studies are needed to better define the optimal timing of conversion. With regard to long-term oncologic outcome, overall and disease-free survival in the case of conversion in laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery seems to be worse than those achieved in patients in whom resection was successfully completed by laparoscopy. Although a worse long-term oncologic outcome has been suggested, it remains difficult to draw a proper conclusion due to the heterogeneity of the long-term outcomes as well as the inclusion of both colon and rectal cancer patients in most of the studies. Therefore, we discuss the currently available evidence of the impact of conversion in laparoscopic resection for colon and rectal cancer on both short-term outcomes and long-term survival. | Marco E Allaix Edgar JB Furnée Massimiliano Mistrangelo Alberto Arezzo Mario Morino | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，37： | 11 |
| 12 | Investigation on the Oscillating Buoy Wave Power Device显示文摘An oscillating buoy wave power device (OD) is a device extracting wave power by an oscillating buoy. Being excitedby waves, the buoy heaves up and down to convert wave energy into electricity by means of a mechanical or hydraulic de-vice. Compared with an Oscillating Water Column (OWC) wave power device, the OD has the same capture width ratio as the OWC does, but much higher secondary conversion efficiency. Moreover, the chamber of the OWC, which is the mostexpensive and difficult part to be built, is not necessary for the OD, so it is easier to construct an OD. In this paper, a nu-merical calculation is conducted for an optimal design of the OD firstly, then a model of the device is built and, a model testis carded out in a wave tank. The results show that the total efficiency of the OD is much higher than that of the OWC andthat the OD is a promising wave power device. | 苏永玲 游亚戈 郑永红 | 2002 | China Ocean Engineering2002，17，1： | 11 |
| 13 | Total hip arthroplasty for surgical management of advanced tuberculous hip arthritis:Case report显示文摘Tuberculosis(TB) arthritis of the hip is a debilitating disease that often results in severe cartilage destruction and degeneration of the hip. In advanced cases,arthrodesis of the hip confers benefits to the young,high-demand and active patient. However, many of these patients go on to develop degenerative arthritis of the spine, ipsilateral knee and contralateral hip,necessitating the need for a conversion to total hip arthroplasty. Conversion of a previously fused hip to atotal hip arthroplasty presents as a surgical challenge due to altered anatomy, muscle atrophy, previous surgery and implants, neighbouring joint arthritis and limb length discrepancy. We report a case of advanced TB arthritis of the hip joint in a middle-aged Singaporean Chinese gentleman with a significant past medical history of miliary tuberculosis and previous hip arthrodesis. Considerations in pre-operative planning, surgical approaches and potential pitfalls are discussed and the operative technique utilized and post-operative rehabilitative regime of this patient is described. This case highlights the necessity of pre-operative planning and the operative technique used in the conversion of a previous hip arthrodesis to a total hip arthroplasty in a case of TB hip arthritis. | Shi Ming Tan Pak Lin Chin | 2015 | World Journal of Orthopedics2015，6，2： | 10 |
| 14 | Differential neuronal reprogramming induced by NeuroD1 from astrocytes in grey matter versus white matter显示文摘A new technology called in vivo glia-to-neuron conversion has emerged in recent years as a promising next generation therapy for neural regeneration and repair. This is achieved through reprogramming endogenous glial cells into neurons in the central nervous system through ectopically expressing neural transcriptional factors in glial cells. Previous studies have been focusing on glial cells in the grey matter such as the cortex and striatum, but whether glial cells in the white matter can be reprogrammed or not is unknown. To address this fundamental question, we express NeuroD1 in the astrocytes of both grey matter(cortex and striatum) and white matter(corpus callosum) to investigate the conversion efficiency, neuronal subtypes, and electrophysiological features of the converted neurons. We discover that NeuroD1 can efficiently reprogram the astrocytes in the grey matter into functional neurons, but the astrocytes in the white matter are much resistant to neuronal reprogramming. The converted neurons from cortical and striatal astrocytes are composed of both glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons, capable of firing action potentials and having spontaneous synaptic activities. In contrast, the few astrocyte-converted neurons in the white matter are rather immature with rare synaptic events. These results provide novel insights into the differential reprogramming capability between the astrocytes in the grey matter versus the white matter, and highlight the impact of regional astrocytes as well as microenvironment on the outcome of glia-toneuron conversion. Since human brain has large volume of white matter, this study will provide important guidance for future development of in vivo glia-to-neuron conversion technology into potential clinical therapies. Experimental protocols in this study were approved by the Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee of Jinan University(approval No. IACUC-20180321-03) on March 21, 2018. | Min-Hui Liu Wen Li Jia-Jun Zheng Yu-Ge Xu Qing He Gong Chen | 2020 | Neural Regeneration Research2020，15，2： | 10 |
| 15 | Nanodendrites of platinum-group metals for electrocatalytic applications显示文摘Developing highly efficient and durable catalysts for future electrochemical and energy applications is one of the main subjects of current studies in renewable energy generation.In the past several years,researchers have developed Pt-based ,alloy electrocatalyst nanomaterials that exhibit promising electrocatalytic properties for various electrochemical applications.The efficient structural and morphological control of Pt-based alloy materials plays a decisive role in achieving these enhanced electrocatalytic properties.The present review article emphasizes the recent progress and important developments in the synthesis and electrocatalytic applications of Pt-group-based nanodendrite materials.The following review will help the exploration and development of better catalysts for practical applications and aims to elucidate the nanodendrite structure of Pt-group metals. | Nitin K.Chaudhari Jinwhan Joo Hyuk-bu Kwon Byeongyoon Kim Ho Young Kim Sang Hoon Joo Kwangyeol Lee | 2018 | Nano Research2018，11，12： | 10 |
| 16 | Advance in highly efficient hydrogen production by high temperature steam electrolysis显示文摘High Temperature Steam Electrolysis (HTSE) through a solid oxide electrolytic cell (SOEC) has been receiving increasing research and development attention worldwide because of its high conversion efficiency (about 45%-59%) and its potential usage for large-scale production of hydrogen. The mechanism, composition, structure, and developing challenges of SOEC are summarized. Current situation, key materials, and core technologies of SOEC (solid oxide electrolytic cell) in HTSE are re- viewed, and the prospect of HTSE future application in advanced energy fields is proposed. In addition, the recent research achievements and study progress of HTSE in Tsinghua University are also intro- duced and presented. | YU Bo ZHANG WenQiang CHEN Jing XU JingMing WANG ShaoRong | 2008 | Science China Chemistry2008，51，4： | 10 |
| 17 | Two-photon-excited near-infrared emissive carbon dotsas multifunctional agents for fluorescence imaging andphotothermal therapy显示文摘C dots (CDs) have shown great potential in bioimaging and phototherapy.However, it is challenging to manipulate their fluorescent properties andtherapeutic efficacy to satisfy the requirements for clinic applications. In thisstudy, we prepared S, Se-codoped CDs via a hydrothermal method anddemonstrated that the doping resulted in excitation wavelength-independentnear-infrared (NIR) emissions of the CDs, with peaks at 731 and 820 nm.Significantly, the CDs exhibited a photothermal conversion efficiency of -58.2%,which is the highest reported value for C nanostructures and is comparable tothat of Au nanostructures. Moreover, the CDs had a large two-photon absorptioncross section (-30,045 GM), which allowed NIR emissions and the photothermalconversion of the CDs through the two-photon excitation (TPE) mechanism. Invitro and in vivo tests suggested that CDs can function as new multi functionalphototheranostic agents for the TPE fluorescence imaging and photothermaltheraov of cancer cells. | Minhuan Lan Shaojing Zhao Zhenyu Zhang Li Yan Liang Guo Guangle Niu Jinfeng Zhang Junfang Zhao Hongyan Zhang Pengfei Wang Guangyu Zhu Chun-Sing Lee Wenjun Zhang | 2017 | Nano Research2017，10，9： | 9 |
| 18 | Terahertz metasurface zone plates with arbitrary polarizations to a fixed polarization conversion显示文摘Metasurfaces that can realize the polarization manipulation of electromagnetic waves on the sub-wavelength scale have become an emerging research field.Here,a novel strategy of combining the metasurface and Fresnel zone plate to form a metasurface zone plate is proposed to realize the conversion from nearly arbitrary polarizations to a fixed polarization.Specifically,when one polarized wave is incident on adjacent ring zones constructed by different types of meta-atoms,the transmitted waves generated by odd-numbered and even-numbered ring zones converge at the same focus and superimpose to generate a fixed polarized wave.As function demonstrations,we have designed two types of metasurface zone plates:one is a focused linear polarizer,and the other can convert nearly arbitrary polarized waves into focused circularly polarized waves.The simulated and measured results are consistent with theoretical expectations,suggesting that the proposed concept is flexible and feasible.Our work provides an alternative platform for polarization manipulation and may vigorously promote the development of polarization photonic devices. | Zhen Yue Jitao Li Jie Li Chenglong Zheng Jingyu Liu Guocui Wang Hang Xu Mingyang Chen Yating Zhang Yan Zhang Jianquan Yao | 2022 | Opto-Electronic Science2022，1，3： | 9 |
| 19 | 11.2% Efficiency all-polymer solar cells with high open-circuit voltage显示文摘Herein,we fabricated all-polymer solar cells(all-PSCs)based on a fluorinated wide-bandgap p-type conjugated polymer PM6 as the donor,and a narrow bandgap n-type conjugated polymer PZ1 as the acceptor.In addition to the complementary absorption and matching energy levels,the optimized blend films possess high cystallinity,predominantly face-on stacking,and a suitable phase separated morphology.With this active layer,the devices exhibited a high Vocof 0.96 V,a superior Jscof 17.1 mA cm^-2,a fine fill factor(FF)of 68.2%,and thus an excellent power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 11.2%,which is the highest value reported to date for single-junction all-PSCs.Furthermore,the devices showed good storage stability.After 80 d of storage in the N2-filled glovebox,the PCE still remained over 90%of the original value.Large-area devices(1.1 cm^2)also demonstrated an outstanding performance with a PCE of 9.2%,among the highest values for the reported large-area all-PSCs.These results indicate that the PM6:PZ1 blend is a promising candidate for scale-up production of large area high-performance all-PSCs. | Yuan Meng Jingnan Wu Xia Guo Wenyan Su Lei Zhu Jin Fang Zhi-Guo Zhang Feng Liu Maojie Zhang Thomas P. Russell Yongfang Li | 2019 | Science China Chemistry2019，62，7： | 9 |
| 20 | A review of the current state of biofuels production from lignocellulosic biomass using thermochemical conversion routes显示文摘The rapid increase in energy demand,the extensive use of fossil fuels and the urgent need to reduce the carbon dioxide emissions have raised concerns in the transportation sector.Alternate renewable and sustainable sources have become the ultimate solution to overcome the expected depletion of fossil fuels.The conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to liquid(BtL)transportation fuels seems to be a promising path and presents advantages over first generation biofuels and fossil fuels.Therefore,development of BtL systems is critical to increase the potential of this resource in a sustainable and economic way.Conversion of lignocellulosic BtL transportation fuels,such as,gasoline,diesel and jet fuel can be accomplished through various thermochemical processes and processing routes.The major steps for the production of BtL fuels involve feedstock selection,physical pretreatment,production of bio-oil,upgrading of bio-oil to transportation fuels and recovery of value-added products.The present work is aiming to give a comprehensive review of the current process technologies following these major steps and the current scenarios of biomass to liquid facilities for the production of biofuels. | Paola Ibarra-Gonzalez Ben-Guang Rong | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2019，27，7： | 9 |
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