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| 1 | Towards 6G wireless communication networks:vision,enabling technologies,and new paradigm shifts显示文摘The fifth generation(5G)wireless communication networks are being deployed worldwide from 2020 and more capabilities are in the process of being standardized,such as mass connectivity,ultra-reliability,and guaranteed low latency.However,5G will not meet all requirements of the future in 2030 and beyond,and sixth generation(6G)wireless communication networks are expected to provide global coverage,enhanced spectral/energy/cost efficiency,better intelligence level and security,etc.To meet these requirements,6G networks will rely on new enabling technologies,i.e.,air interface and transmission technologies and novel network architecture,such as waveform design,multiple access,channel coding schemes,multi-antenna technologies,network slicing,cell-free architecture,and cloud/fog/edge computing.Our vision on 6G is that it will have four new paradigm shifts.First,to satisfy the requirement of global coverage,6G will not be limited to terrestrial communication networks,which will need to be complemented with non-terrestrial networks such as satellite and unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)communication networks,thus achieving a space-airground-sea integrated communication network.Second,all spectra will be fully explored to further increase data rates and connection density,including the sub-6GHz,millimeter wave(mmWave),terahertz(THz),and optical frequency bands.Third,facing the big datasets generated by the use of extremely heterogeneous networks,diverse communication scenarios,large numbers of antennas,wide bandwidths,and new service requirements,6G networks will enable a new range of smart applications with the aid of artificial intelligence(AI)and big data technologies.Fourth,network security will have to be strengthened when developing 6G networks.This article provides a comprehensive survey of recent advances and future trends in these four aspects.Clearly,6G with additional technical requirements beyond those of 5G will enable faster and further communications to the extent that the boundary between physical and cyber worlds disappears. | Xiaohu YOU Cheng-Xiang WANG Jie HUANG Xiqi GAO Zaichen ZHANG Mao WANG Yongming HUANG Chuan ZHANG Yanxiang JIANG Jiaheng WANG Min ZHU Bin SHENG Dongming WANG Zhiwen PAN Pengcheng ZHU Yang YANG Zening LIU Ping ZHANG Xiaofeng TAO Shaoqian LI Zhi CHEN Xinying MA Chih-Lin I Shuangfeng HAN Ke LI Chengkang PAN Zhimin ZHENG Lajos HANZO Xuemin(Sherman)SHEN Yingjie Jay GUO Zhiguo DING Harald HAAS Wen TONG Peiying ZHU Ganghua YANG Jun WANG Erik GLARSSON Hien Quoc NGO Wei HONG Haiming WANG Debin HOU Jixin CHEN Zhe CHEN Zhangcheng HAO Geoffrey Ye LI Rahim TAFAZOLLI Yue GAO HVincent POOR Gerhard P.FETTWEIS Ying-Chang LIANG | 2021 | Science China(Information Sciences)2021，64，1： | 122 |
| 2 | China cardiovascular diseases report 2018: an updated summary显示文摘1 Introduction Rapid socioeconomic progress has greatly affected the lifestyle in China.Consequently,owing to lifestyle changes,urbanization,and accelerated population aging,the risk of cardiovascular diseases(CVD)has increased.The incidence of CVD has been increasing continuously and this upward trend is projected to continue in the next decade.The growing burden of CVD has become a major public health issue. | Li-Yuan MA Wei-Wei CHEN Run-Lin GAO Li-Sheng LIU Man-Lu ZHU Yong-Jun WANG Zhao-Su WU Hui-Jun LI Dong-Feng GU Yue-Jin YANG Zhe ZHENG Sheng-Shou HU | 2020 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2020，17，1： | 53 |
| 3 | China cardiovascular diseases report 2015: a summary显示文摘 | Wei-Wei CHEN Run-Lin GAO Li-Sheng LIU Man-Lu ZHU Wen WANG Yong-Jun WANG Zhao-Su WU Hui-Jun LI Dong-Feng GU Yue-Jin YANG Zhe ZHENG Li-Xin JIANG Sheng-Shou HU | 2017 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2017，14，1： | 46 |
| 4 | Effects of Subsoiling on Soil Moisture Under No-Tillage for Two Years显示文摘In order to improve the water use efficiency under conservation tillage,the effects of subsoiling on soil moisture under no-tillage were studied. An experiment of 40 cm subsoiling in a field kept under no-tillage for 2 years was operated from 2005 to 2006. Based on the data of the soil moisture and crop yield,the physical basis of subsoiling for water conservation and yield increase was analyzed. The results showed that the soil water storage under subsoiling,from the soil surface to a depth of 100 cm was more than that under no-tillage for the growth season. In the 0-100 cm soil depth,the soil moisture in 50-100 cm depth under subsoiling was more compared with no-tillage,which increased when it's drought and decreased when it's rainy with the increase in soil depth. Compared with no-tillage,subsoiling could reduce the water consumption of oats in the 0-50 cm depth and increase the water consumption in the 50-100 cm depth. Also,subsoiling increased the yield by 18.29% and the water use efficiency by 16.8% in a two-year average. The effects of subsoiling on water conservation and yield increase were affected by precipitation,and a well-proportioned rainfall was better to increase yield and water use efficiency. Meanwhile,subsoiling decreased bulk density,which increased with the available precipitation. Subsoiling under no-tillage is the effective rotation tillage to contain more soil moisture and improve water use efficiency in ecotone of North China. | QIN Hong-ling GAO Wang-sheng MA Yue-cun MA Li YIN Chun-mei CHEN Zhe CHEN Chun-lan | 2008 | Agricultural Sciences in China2008，7，1： | 32 |
| 5 | High densities of magnetic nanoparticles supported on graphene fabricated by atomic layer deposition and their use as efficient synergistic microwave absorbers显示文摘一个原子层免职(ALD ) 方法被采用了综合 Fe < 潜水艇 class= “ a-plus-plus ” > 3 O < 潜水艇 class= “ a-plus-plus ” > 4 /graphene 和 Ni/graphene composites。吸收同样准备的 composites 的性质的结构和微波被调查。graphene 的表面被 Fe 浓密地盖住 < 潜水艇 class= “ a-plus-plus ” > 3 O < 潜水艇 class= “ a-plus-plus ” > 没有重要团块或大空缺,有狭窄的尺寸分布的 4 或 Ni nanoparticles,和磁性的 nanoparticles 在每张 graphene 表上是很好分布式的。涂的 graphene 材料展览显著地改善了电磁(他们) 与太古的 graphene 相比的吸收性质。最佳的思考损失( RL )为 Fe 与仅仅 1.4 公里的厚度在 15.6 GHz 到达 46.4 dB <潜水艇class=“ a-plus-plus ”> 3 O <潜水艇class=“ a-plus-plus ”>使用 100 获得的 4 /graphene composites Fe 骑车<潜水艇class=“ a-plus-plus “> 2 O <潜水艇class=” a-plus-plus “> 3 免职由氢减小列在后面。提高的吸收能力从匹配的有效阻抗产生,从增加的磁性的成分的多重界面的极化和增加的磁性的损失。而且与另外的最近报导的材料相比, composites 有更低的充满比率和导致显著地增加的他们吸收性质的更小的涂层厚度。这证明由 ALD 的 graphene 上的磁性的粒子的那 nanoscale 表面修正是设计小、高效率的微波吸收器的一个很有希望的方法。 | Guizhen wang Zhe Gao Gengping Wan Shiwei Lin Peng Yang Yong Qin | 2014 | Nano Research2014，7，5： | 34 |
| 6 | Curcumin inhibits LPS-induced inflammation in rat vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro via ROS-relative TLR4-MAPK/NF-KB pathways显示文摘 | Zhe MENG ChaoYAN Qian DENG Deng-feng GAO Xiao-lin NIU | 2013 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2013，34，7： | 23 |
| 7 | Properties and evaluation of amidoxime-based UHMWPE fibrous adsorbent for extraction of uranium from seawater显示文摘An amidoxime-based ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)fibrous adsorbent was successfully prepared by γ-irradiation-induced graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile(AN)and acrylic acid(AA),followed by amidoximation.The grafting of AN and AA on the UHMWPE fiber and the amidoximation of the grafted fiber were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and thermogravimetric analysis.The mechanical property of the original and modified UHMWPE fibers was compared by single-filament strength test.The adsorption property of the UHMWPE fibrous adsorbent was evaluated by adsorption test in uranyl nitrate solution and seawater.The surface of the modified UHMWPE fibers was covered by the grafting layer and became rough.The tensile strength of the amidoxime-based UHMWPE fibrous adsorbent was influenced by the absorbed dose and hydrochloric acid elution,but was independent of the grafting yield and amidoximation.The uranium adsorption amount of the amidoxime-based UHMWPE fibrous adsorbent after immersing in seawater for 42 days was 2.3 mg-U/g. | XING Zhe HU JiangTao WANG MouHua ZHANG WenLi LI ShiNeng GAO QianHong WU GuoZhong | 2013 | Science China Chemistry2013，56，11： | 17 |
| 8 | Improvement and performance of parallel multilevel fast multipole algorithm显示文摘The method of establishing data structures plays an important role in the efficiency of parallel multilevel fast multipole algorithm(PMLFMA).Considering the main complements of multilevel fast multipole algorithm(MLFMA) memory,a new parallelization strategy and a modified data octree construction scheme are proposed to further reduce communication in order to improve parallel efficiency.For far interaction,a new scheme called dynamic memory allocation is developed.To analyze the workload balancing performance of a parallel implementation,the original concept of workload balancing factor is introduced and verified by numerical examples.Numerical results show that the above measures improve the parallel efficiency and are suitable for the analysis of electrical large-scale scattering objects. | Zhanhe Liu Peilin Huang Zhe Wu Xu Gao | 2011 | Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics2011，22，1： | 15 |
| 9 | Clinical practice guidelines on liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma in China(2018 edition)显示文摘Introduction Over 300000 people in China die each year of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),which accounts for approximately half of HCCrelated deaths worldwide.Liver transplantation(LT)is generally recognized as one of the most effective therapeutic approaches for end-stage liver diseases.Since the beginning of the second LT boom in the 1990s,LT in China has been developed rapidly with professional and large-scale trends,and it is approaching or has reached the level of developed countries in terms of quantity and quality.According to the China Liver Transplant Registry,the number of transplants for HCC accounted for 36.8%of the total number of LT cases during the past 5 years in the mainland of China.In order to develop an effective,safe and standardized protocol to guide the national LT practice,the clinical guidelines of LT for HCC was launched in 2014 by multidisciplinary experts from Chinese Society of Organ Transplantation,Chinese Medical Association and Chinese Association of Organ Transplantation,Chinese Medical Doctor Association.Recently,there have been new clinical and scientific advances in the field of LT and to keep abreast of these achievements,the original clinical practice guidelines need to be updated. | Xiao Xu Jun Chen Qiang Wei Zhi-Kun Liu a Zhe Yang Ming Zhang Guo-Ying Wang Jie Gao Zhao-Xu Yang Wen-Yuan Guo Tong-Hai Xing Zhou Shao Qin-Fen Xie Shu-Sen Zheng | 2019 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2019，18，4： | 14 |
| 10 | Coaxial multi-interface hollow Ni-AI203-ZnO nanowires tailored by atomic layer deposition for selective- frequency absorptions显示文摘 | Lili Yan Jia Liu Shichao Zhao Bin Zhang Zhe Gao Huibin Ge Yao Chen Maosheng Cao Yong Qin | 2017 | Nano Research2017，10，5： | 13 |
| 11 | In vitro corrosion resistance,antibacterial activity and cytocompatibility of a layer-by-layer assembled DNA coating on magnesium alloy显示文摘A chitosan/deoxyribonucleic acid(CHI/DNA)_(5)coating was constructed by layer-by-layer(LbL)assembly dip coating method with Mg(OH)_(2)coating as an inner protective layer on AZ31 alloy.X-ray diffractometry,X-ray photoelectron spectrometry,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and field-emission scanning electron microscopy were utilized to represent the chemical compositions and surface morphologies of the coatings.Electrochemical tests and hydrogen evolution measurements were implemented to confirm the good corrosion resistance of the composite coating in artificial body fluid.Antimicrobial activity of the composite coatings was tested via the plate-counting method,and the cytotoxicity of the samples was appraised by MTT assay and Live/dead staining.A double action was put into effect for the composite coating,which the inner Mg(OH)2 coating plays the part of physical barrier,and the outer(CHI/DNA)5 coating is employed as an inducer to fabricate a biocompatible Ca-P corrosion product coating during immersion,making up for its thin thickness.Otherwise,the composite coating is also beneficial for the growth of bone,resulting from the biomineralization effect of the outer polyelectrolyte multilayer.The good antibacterial property of the(CHI/DNA)5/Mg(OH)2 coating is ascribed to the contact-killing strength of CHI.Thus,the obtained(CHI/DNA)5/Mg(OH)2 coating has a wide application prospect in the field of Mg-based bone implantation. | Lan-Yue Cui Ling Gao Jing-Chao Zhang Zhe Tang Xiao-Li Fan Jia-Cheng Liu Dong-Chu Chen Rong-Chang Zeng Shuo-Qi Li Ke-Qian Zhi | 2021 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2021，9，1： | 9 |
| 12 | Cross electro-nape-acupuncture ameliorates cerebral hemorrhageinduced brain damage by inhibiting necroptosis显示文摘BACKGROUND Receptor interacting protein kinase 1(RIPK1)-mediated cell death,including apoptosis and necroptosis,belongs to programmed cell death.It has been reported that RIPK1-mediated necroptosis exists in lesions of cerebral hemorrhage(CH).Electroacupuncture,a treatment derived from traditional Chinese medicine,could improve neurological impairment in patients with brain injury.AIM To investigate the protective role of cross electro-nape acupuncture(CENA)in CH,and clarify the potential mechanism.METHODS CH rat models were established,and CENA was applied to the experimental rats.Neurological functions and encephaledema were then measured.Necrotic cells in the brain of rats with CH were evaluated by propidium iodide staining.Necroptosis was assessed by immunofluorescence.Activation of the necroptosisrelated pathway was detected by western blot.Extraction of brain tissue,cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples was conducted to measure the expression and secretion of inflammatory cytokines by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS The necroptotic marker p-MLKL was detectable in the brains of rats with CH.Next,we found that CENA could ameliorate neurological functions in rat models of CH.Moreover,the upregulation of RIPK1-mediated necroptosis-related molecules in the brains of rats with CH were inhibited by CENA.Further investigation revealed that CENA partially blocked the interaction between RIPK1 and RIPK3.Finally,in vivo assays showed that CENA decreased the expression of the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 in CH rat models.CONCLUSION These findings revealed that CENA exerts a protective role in CH models by inhibiting RIPK1-mediated necroptosis. | Guo-Feng Cai Zhong-Ren Sun Zhe Zhuang Hai-Chun Zhou Shan Gao Kai Liu Li-Li Shang Kun-Ping Jia Xiu-Zhen Wang Hui Zhao Guo-Liang Cai Wen-Li Song Sheng-Nan Xu | 2020 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2020，8，10： | 9 |
| 13 | Cutting-balloon angioplasty before drug-eluting stent implantation for the treatment of severely calcified coronary lesions显示文摘BackgroundSeverely 钙化的冠的损害对汽球 angioplasty 糟糕作出回应,导致不完全、不均匀的 stent 扩大。因此,在 drug-eluting stent (DES ) 以前的足够的匾修正培植是为钙化的损害治疗的钥匙。这研究是评估为严重地钙化的冠的 lesions.MethodsNinety 切汽球 angioplasty 的安全和功效 -- 有严重地钙化的损害的二个连续病人(定义为钙弧 ≥180 °钙长度比率 ≥0.5 ) 在 DES 培植随机基于汽球类型被划分成二个组以前,与汽球膨胀对待:在常规汽球 angioplasty (BA ) 的 45 个病人组织,在切的汽球 angioplasty (CB ) 的 47 个病人组织。在 BA 组的七个盒子令人满意地没完成膨胀并且被变成 CB 组。 Intravascular 超声( IVUS )在汽球膨胀前并且在 stent 培植以后被执行获得质、量的损害特征并且评估 stent ,包括最小的腔代表性的区域( CSA ),钙化的弧和长度,最小的 stent CSA , stent 并置, stent 对称, stent 扩大,容器解剖,并且分叉容器监狱。在里面医院, 1 月、 6 月的主要不利心脏的事件(向) 是 reported.ResultsThere 不是在在二个组之间的临床的特征的统计差别,包括钙弧(222.2 °±22.2 °对 235.0 °±22.1 °, P = 0.570 ) ,钙长度比率(0.67 ±0.06 对 0.77 ±0.05, P = 0.130 ) ,并且在一种总线标准前的最小的腔 CSA (2.59 ±0.08 公里 2 对 2.52 ±0.08 公里 2, P = 0.550 ) 。在 stent 培植以后,最后的最小的 stent CSA (6.26 ±0.40 公里 2 对 5.03 ±0.33 公里 2 ;P = 0.031 ) 并且尖锐的腔获得(3.74 ±0.38 公里 2 对 2.44 ±0.29 公里 2, P = 0.015 ) 比 BA 组的在 CB 组是显著地更大的。没有统计上在在二个组之间的 stent 扩大, stent 对称,不完全的 stent 并置,容器解剖和分支容器监狱的差别。在在严重地钙化的损害的 DES 培植看起来是包括显著地更大的最后的 stent CSA 和更大的尖锐的腔获得的更多的功效以前, 30 天、 6 月的向率也不是 different.ConclusionsCutting 汽球 angioplasty,没有增加在操作和 MACE 率在期间的复杂并发症 6 月。 | Zhe TANG Jing BAI Shao-Ping SU Yu WANG Mo-Han LIU Qi-Cai BAI Jin-Wen TIAN Qiao XUE Lei GAO Chun-Xiu AN Xiao-Juan LIU | 2014 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2014，11，1： | 9 |
| 14 | Diosgenin relieves goiter via the inhibition of thyrocyte proliferation in a mouse model of Graves' disease显示文摘 | Hu CAI Zhe WANG Hai-qing ZHANG Fu-rong WANG Chun-xiao YU Feng-xia ZHANG Ling GAO Jian ZHANG Jia-jun ZHAO | 2014 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2014，35，1： | 9 |
| 15 | Application of Protein Feed Processed by Microbial Fermentation to Dairy Cow显示文摘Methionine(Met)and lysine(Lys)have been reported as the first two limiting amino acids(AA)for maximum milk yield and milk protein production.Supplying these AA may improve microbial protein synthesis and therefore improve milk production without adding excess N to the environment.This observation utilized fermented soybean meal(SBM),cottonseed meal(CSM),rapeseed meal(RSM)and corn by Bacillus subtilis 168 and Leuconostoc mesenteroides as core feedstuffs to produce special biological protein feed for dairy cow.The results showed that the milk production,milk protein percentage,milk fat percentage and milk DM percentage of test groups in trial period were significantly more than those of the control group(P<0.01),the results showed that adding fermenting protein feed in dairy cow diets could significantly improve milk yield,milk protein and milk fat content.The economic benefits of actual application were analyzed,the group of 0.5%was the best compared with the other groups. | Sun Zhe Liu Ying Pan Hong-bao Gao Xue-jun | 2014 | Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition)2014，21，1： | 9 |
| 16 | Sensitivity-enhanced surface plasmon resonance sensor utilizing a tungsten disulfide (WS_2) nanosheets overlayer显示文摘Tungsten disulfide(WS_2), as a representative layered transition metal dichalcogenide(TMDC) material, possesses important potential for applications in highly sensitive sensors. Here, a sensitivity-enhanced surface plasmon resonance(SPR) sensor with a metal film modified by an overlayer of WS_2 nanosheets is proposed and demonstrated. The SPR sensitivity is related to the thickness of the WS_2 overlayer, which can be tailored by coating a WS_2 ethanol suspension with different concentrations or by the number of times of repeated post-coating.Benefitting from its large surface area, high refractive index, and unique optoelectronic properties, the WS_2 nanosheet overlayer coated on the gold film significantly improves the sensing sensitivity. The highest sensitivity(up to 2459.3 nm∕RIU) in the experiment is achieved by coating the WS_2 suspension once. Compared to the case without a WS_2 overlayer, this result shows a sensitivity enhancement of 26.6%. The influence of the WS_2 nanosheet overlayer on the sensing performance improvement is analyzed and discussed. Moreover, the proposed WS_2 SPR sensor has a linear correlation coefficient of 99.76% in refractive index range of 1.333 to 1.360. Besides sensitivity enhancement, the WS_2 nanosheet overlayer is able to show additional advantages, such as protection of metal film from oxidation, tunability of the resonance wavelength region, biocompatibility, capability of vapor,and gas sensing. | HAO WANG HUI ZHANG JIANGLI DONG SHIQI HU WENGUO ZHU WENTAO QIU HUIHUI LU JIANHUI YU HEYUAN GUAN SHECHENG GAO ZHAOHUI LI WEIPING LIU MIAO HE JUN ZHANG ZHE CHEN YUNHAN LUO | 2018 | Photonics Research2018，6，6： | 8 |
| 17 | Seasonal variations in the concentration and removal of nonylphenol ethoxylates from the wastewater of a sewage treatment plant显示文摘In this study, we investigated the occurrence and fate of nonylphenol(NP), nonylphenol monoethoxylate(NP1EO) and nonylphenol diethoxylate(NP2EO) in a full scale sewage treatment plant, which applied an Anaerobic/Oxic process. Concentrations of NP, NP1 EO and NP2 EO in the wastewater were measured during the period spanning a whole year.The results showed remarkable seasonal variation in the concentrations of the compounds.The NPn EO compounds were most abundant in winter, with the total concentrations of influent NP, NP1 EO and NP2 EO ranging from 3900 to 7000 ng/L, 4000 to 4800 ng/L and 5200 to 7200 ng/L, respectively. Regarding the total removal efficiencies of the three types of short-chain NPn EO compounds, different trends were exhibited according to different seasons. The average removal efficiency of NP for the different seasons ranked as follows:winter > summer > autumn > spring; NP2 EO concentrations decreased as follows: summer >autumn > winter > spring, while NP1 EO concentrations reduced according to: spring >summer > autumn > winter. We also investigated the contribution ratio of individual treatment units in the A/O process, with the findings suggesting that the anaerobic treatment unit plays an important role in the elimination of short-chain NPn EOs from the wastewater. | Dawen Gao Zhe Li Junxue Guan Hong Liang | 2017 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2017，29，4： | 6 |
| 18 | Tradeoffs and synergies between ecosystem services : A comparison of the karst and non-karst area显示文摘Under the influence of various natural and human factors, the relationship between the ecosystem services provided for human beings by a karst ecosystem is becoming increasingly complex, profoundly limiting the effective and sustainable development of the social economy and ecosystem protection in karst areas. Taking Guizhou, China as an example, which includes both karst(including five different landforms) and non-karst area, the study explored and compared the tradeoff and synergy between ecosystem services in both terrain types. The results showed higher change rates of water yield and soil retention in karst areas than those in non-karst areas, with only small differences in the carbon storage and crop production change. The ecosystem service relationships in the karst area from 1995 to 2005 were consistent with the relationships in the non-karst area. However, differences were observed in most of these relationships from 2005 to 2015. The relationships between ecosystem services in different karst landforms from 1995 to 2005 remained the same, but there are differences found in the relationships of ecosystem services from 2005 to 2015. The trade-off and synergistic relationships between ecosystem services in the different landforms were closely related to the changes of climate and land use, particularly related to rainfall, rainfall erosivity, farmland, and forestland. | HAN Hui-qing LIU Yue GAO Hong-juan ZHANG Ying-jia WANG Zhe CHEN Xiao-qiao | 2020 | Journal of Mountain Science2020，17，5： | 6 |
| 19 | Imputation from SNP chip to sequence: a case study in a Chinese indigenous chicken population显示文摘Background: Genome-wide association studies and genomic predictions are thought to be optimized by using whole-genome sequence(WGS) data. However, sequencing thousands of individuals of interest is expensive.Imputation from SNP panels to WGS data is an attractive and less expensive approach to obtain WGS data. The aims of this study were to investigate the accuracy of imputation and to provide insight into the design and execution of genotype imputation.Results: We genotyped 450 chickens with a 600 K SNP array, and sequenced 24 key individuals by whole genome re-sequencing. Accuracy of imputation from putative 60 K and 600 K array data to WGS data was 0.620 and 0.812 for Beagle, and 0.810 and 0.914 for FImpute, respectively. By increasing the sequencing cost from 24 X to 144 X, the imputation accuracy increased from 0.525 to 0.698 for Beagle and from 0.654 to 0.823 for FImpute. With fixed sequence depth(12 X), increasing the number of sequenced animals from 1 to 24, improved accuracy from 0.421 to0.897 for FImpute and from 0.396 to 0.777 for Beagle. Using optimally selected key individuals resulted in a higher imputation accuracy compared with using randomly selected individuals as a reference population for resequencing. With fixed reference population size(24), imputation accuracy increased from 0.654 to 0.875 for FImpute and from 0.512 to 0.762 for Beagle as the sequencing depth increased from 1 X to 12 X. With a given total cost of genotyping, accuracy increased with the size of the reference population for FImpute, but the pattern was not valid for Beagle, which showed the highest accuracy at six fold coverage for the scenarios used in this study.Conclusions: In conclusion, we comprehensively investigated the impacts of several key factors on genotype imputation. Generally, increasing sequencing cost gave a higher imputation accuracy. But with a fixed sequencing cost, the optimal imputation enhance the performance of WGP and GWAS. An optimal imputation strategy should take size of reference population, imputation algorithms, marker density, and population structure of the target population and methods to select key individuals into consideration comprehensively. This work sheds additional light on how to design and execute genotype imputation for livestock populations. | Shaopan Ye Xiaolong Yuan Xiran Lin Ning Gao Yuanyu Luo Zanmou Chen Jiaqi Li Xiquan Zhang Zhe Zhang | 2018 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2018，9，2： | 6 |
| 20 | Improved Oustaloup approximation of fractional-order operators using adaptive chaotic particle swarm optimization显示文摘A rational approximation method of the fractional-order derivative and integral operators is proposed. The turning frequency points are fixed in each frequency interval in the standard Oustaloup approximation. In the improved Oustaloup method, the turning frequency points are determined by the adaptive chaotic particle swarm optimization (PSO). The average velocity is proposed to reduce the iterations of the PSO. The chaotic search scheme is combined to reduce the opportunity of the premature phenomenon. Two fitness functions are given to minimize the zero-pole and amplitude-phase frequency errors for the underlying optimization problems. Some numerical examples are compared to demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of this proposed rational approximation method. | Zhe Gao Xiaozhong Liao | 2012 | Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics2012，23，1： | 6 |
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