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| 1 | Stem cell therapy for the treatment of Leydig cell dysfunction in primary hypogonadism显示文摘The production of testosterone occurs within the Leydig cells of the testes. When production fails at this level from either congenital, acquired, or systemic disorders,the result is primary hypogonadism. While numerous testosterone formulations have been developed, none are yet fully capable of replicating the physiological patterns of testosterone secretion. Multiple stem cell therapies to restore androgenic function of the testes are under investigation. Leydig cells derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord, and the testes have shown promise for future therapy for primary hypogonadism. In particular, the discovery and utilization of a group of progenitor stem cells within the testes, known as stem Leydig cells(SLCs), has led not only to a better understanding of testicular development, but of treatment as well. When combining this with an understanding of the mechanisms that lead to Leydig cell dysfunction, researchers and physicians will be able to develop stem cell therapies that target the specific step in the steroidogenic process that is deficient. The current preclinical studies highlight the complex nature of regenerating this steroidogenic process and the problems remain unresolved. In summary, there appears to be two current directions for stem cell therapy in male primary hypogonadism. The first method involves differentiating adult Leydig cells from stem cells of various origins from bone marrow, adipose, or embryonic sources. The second method involves isolating, identifying, and transplanting stem Leydig cells into testicular tissue. Theoretically, in-vivo re-activation of SLCs in men with primary hypogonadism due to age would be another alternative method to treat hypogonadism while eliminating the need for transplantation. | Taylor C Peak Nora M Haney William Wang Kenneth J DeLay Wayne J Hellstrom | 2016 | World Journal of Stem Cells2016，8，10： | 5 |
| 2 | comparative evaluation of semen parameters in pre-and post-Hurricane Katrina human population显示文摘导致环境沾染物的累积的自然灾难可以在男繁殖系统上有实质的效果。我们的目的是在居住在南部的路易斯安那,美国区域飓风前和飓风以后的卡特里娜的一张 normospermic 人口比较并且估计精液参数。我们回顾地评估了精液分析数据(n = 3452 ) 出席了在 1999 和 2013 之间的 Tulane 大学 Andrology/Fertility 诊所的 1855 个病人。学习包括标准是分析其精液显示出 ≥ 的人;1.5 ml 体积;≥ 1500 万 ml -1 精子集中;≥ 3900 万个全部的精子计数;≥ 40% 活动性;> 30% 形态学,与 2-7 天的节制间隔。在标准用于人口的包括以后, 367 个 normospermic 病人在学习被包括。描述的统计和基于组的分析被执行解释 pre-Katrina 之间的差别(组 1, 1999-2005 ) 并且 post-Katrina (组 2, 2006-2013 ) 人口。在精子粘著的活动性,形态学,白血房间的数字,不成熟的细菌房间计数, pH 和存在有重要差别,但是令人惊讶地在在二张人口之间的精子计数没有重要差别。这长期的比较分析进一步记录那有它的伴随的环境期的主要自然灾难能影响某些精液参数(例如,活动性和形态学) 并且,由扩展,如此的区域的人口的富饶潜力。 | Caner Baran Wayne J Hellstrom Suresh C Sikka | 2015 | Asian Journal of Andrology2015，17，4： | 0 |
| 3 | Prosthetic urology:past,present,and future显示文摘The global population is collectively getting older,and age is directly correlated with erectile dysfunction(ED).With the advent of effective oral agents and wide availability of the Internet,a larger portion of the population is becoming aware of the different treatment options for men with ED. | Peter N Tsambarlis Wayne J G Hellstrom | 2020 | Asian Journal of Andrology2020，22，1： | 0 |
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