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| 1 | Using Hourly Measurements to Explore the Role of Secondary Inorganic Aerosol in PM_(2.5)during Haze and Fog in Hangzhou, China显示文摘This paper explores the role of the secondary inorganic aerosol(SIA) species ammonium, NH+4, nitrate, NO-3, and sulfate,SO2-4, during haze and fog events using hourly mass concentrations of PM2.5measured at a suburban site in Hangzhou,China. A total of 546 samples were collected between 1 April and 8 May 2012. The samples were analyzed and classified as clear, haze or fog depending on visibility and relative humidity(RH). The contribution of SIA species to PM2.5mass increased to ~50% during haze and fog. The mass contribution of nitrate to PM2.5increased from 11% during clear to 20%during haze episodes. Nitrate mass exceeded sulfate mass during haze, while near equal concentrations were observed during fog episodes. The role of RH on the correlation between concentrations of SIA and visibility was examined, with optimal correlation at 60%–70% RH. The total acidity during clear, haze and fog periods was 42.38, 48.38 and 45.51 nmol m-3,respectively, indicating that sulfate, nitrate and chloride were not neutralized by ammonium during any period. The nitrate to sulfate molar ratio, as a function of the ammonium to sulfate molar ratio, indicated that nitrate formation during fog started at a higher ammonium to sulfate molar ratio compared to clear and haze periods. During haze and fog, the nitrate oxidation ratio increased by a factor of 1.6–1.7, while the sulfur oxidation ratio increased by a factor of 1.2–1.5, indicating that both gaseous NO2 and SO2were involved in the reduced visibility. | Roeland Cornelis JANSEN SHI Yang CHEN Jianmin HU YunJie XU Chang HONG Shengmao LI Jiao ZHANG Min | 2014 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2014，31，6： | 15 |
| 2 | Synthesis of water-soluble Cu nanoparticles and evaluation of their tribological properties and thermal conductivity as a water-based additive显示文摘Efficient and sustainable use of water-based lubricants is essential for energy efficiency.Therefore,the use of water-lubricated mechanical systems instead of conventional oil lubricants is extremely attractive from the viewpoint of resource conservation.In this study,water-soluble Cu nanoparticles of size approximately 3 nm were prepared at room temperature(around 25 °C) via in-situ surface modification.The tribological behavior of the as-synthesized Cu nanoparticles as an additive in distilled water was evaluated using a universal micro-tribotester.The results show that the as-synthesized Cu nanoparticles,as a water-based lubricant additive,can significantly improve the tribological properties of distilled water.In particular,the lowest friction coefficient of 0.06 was obtained via lubrication with a concentration of 0.6 wt% of Cu nanoparticles in distilled water,which is a reduction of 80.6% compared with that obtained via lubrication with distilled water alone.It is considered that some Cu nanoparticles entered the contact area of the friction pairs to form a complex lubricating film and prevent direct contact of the friction pairs.Furthermore,some Cu nanoparticles in the solution accelerate the heat transfer process,which also results in good tribological properties. | Junhua ZHAO Guangbin YANG Chunli ZHANG Yujuan ZHANG Shengmao ZHANG Pingyu ZHANG | 2019 | Friction2019，7，3： | 6 |
| 3 | Optimal design of near-Earth asteroid sample-return trajectories in the Sun–Earth–Moon system显示文摘In the 6th edition of the Chinese Space Trajectory Design Competition held in 2014, a near-Earth asteroid sample-return trajectory design problem was released, in which the motion of the spacecraft is modeled in multi-body dynamics, considering the gravitational forces of the Sun,Earth, and Moon. It is proposed that an electric-propulsion spacecraft initially parking in a circular 200-km-altitude low Earth orbit is expected to rendezvous with an asteroid and carry as much sample as possible back to the Earth in a10-year time frame. The team from the Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences has reported a solution with an asteroid sample mass of 328 tons, which is ranked first in the competition.In this article, we will present our design and optimization methods, primarily including overall analysis, target selection, escape from and capture by the Earth–Moon system,and optimization of impulsive and low-thrust trajectories that are modeled in multi-body dynamics. The orbital resonance concept and lunar gravity assists are considered key techniques employed for trajectory design. The reported solution, preliminarily revealing the feasibility of returning a hundreds-of-tons asteroid or asteroid sample, envisions future space missions relating to near-Earth asteroid exploration. | Shengmao He Zhengfan Zhu Chao Peng Jian Ma Xiaolong Zhu Yang Gao | 2016 | Acta Mechanica Sinica2016，32，4： | 5 |
| 4 | Effects of magnetic ionic liquid as a lubricant on the friction and wear behavior of a steel-steel sliding contact under elevated temperatures显示文摘A magnetic ionic liquid(abridged as MIL)[C_(6)mim]_(5)[Dy(SCN)_(8)]was prepared and used as the magnetic lubricant of a steel-steel sliding pair.The tribological properties of the as-prepared MIL were evaluated with a commercially obtained magnetic fluid lubricant(abridged as MF;the mixture of dioctyl sebacate and Fe_(3)O_(4),denoted as DIOS-Fe_3O_4)as a control.The lubrication mechanisms of the two types of magnetic lubricants were discussed in relation to worn surface analyses by SEM-EDS,XPS,and profilometry,as well as measurement of the electric contact resistance of the rubbed steel surfaces.The results revealed that the MIL exhibits better friction-reducing and antiwear performances than the as-received MF under varying test temperatures and loads.This is because the MIL participates in tribochemical reactions during the sliding process,and forms a boundary lubrication film composed of Dy_(2)O_(3),FeS,FeSO_(4),nitrogen-containing organics,and thioether on the rubbed disk surface,thereby reducing the friction and wear of the frictional pair.However,the MF is unable to form a lubricating film on the surface of the rubbed steel at 25°C,though it can form a boundary film consisting of Fe_(3)O_(4) and a small amount of organics under high temperature.Furthermore,the excessive Fe_(3)O_(4) particulates that accumulate in the sliding zone may lead to enhanced abrasive wear of the sliding pair. | Jiajia JIA Guangbin YANG Chunli ZHANG Shengmao ZHANG Yujuan ZHANG Pingyu ZHANG | 2021 | Friction2021，9，1： | 2 |
| 5 | Long-term fertilization effects on crop yield and nitrate nitrogen accumulation in soil in northwestern China显示文摘 | Yang Shengmao Li Fengmin Malhi S S | 2004 | Agronomy Journal2004，96，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Synthesis and characterization of highly stable dispersions of copper nanoparticles by a novel one-pot method 显示文摘 | Yang Guangbin Zhang Zhanming Zhang Shengmao | 2013 | Materials Research Bulletin2013，48，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Preparation and Evaluation of Tribological Properties of Cu Nanoparticles Surface Modified by Tetradecyl Hydroxamic Acid显示文摘 | Xiujuan Xiong Yingke Kang Guangbin Yang Shengmao Zhang Laigui Yu Pingyu Zhang | 2012 | Tribology Letters2012，，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Long-term fertilization effects on crop yield and nitrate nitrogen accumu- lation in soil in Northwestern China显示文摘 | Shengmao Yang Fengmin Li Sukhdev S M et a l | 2004 | Agronomy Journal2004，96，： | 1 |
| 9 | Long-term effects of manure and fertilization on soil organic matter and quality parameters of a calcareous soil in NW China 显示文摘 | YANG Shengmao MALHI S S LI Fengmin | 2007 | Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science2007，170，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Study on the mechanism of rapid formation ofu ultra-thick tribofilm by CeO_(2)nano additive and ZDDP显示文摘CeO_(2)nanoparticles are potential anti-wear additives because of their outstanding anti-wear and load-bearing capacity.However,the shear-sintering tribo-film formation mechanism of oxide nanoparticles limits the tribo-film formation rate and thickness greatly.In this study,by compounding with zinc dioctyl dithiophosphate(ZDDP),ultra-fine CeO_(2)nanoparticles modified with oleylamine(OM)can quickly form 2μm ultra-thick tribo-film,which is 10-15 times thicker than that of ZDDP and CeO_(2),respectively.The ultra-thick tribo-film presents a nanocomposite structure with amorphous phosphate as binder and nano-CeO_(2)as filling phase,which leads to the highest loading capacity of composite additives.The results of adsorption experiments tested by dissipative quartz crystal microbalance(QCM-D)showed that the Ps value of additive has nothing to do with its equilibrium adsorption mass,but is directly proportional to its adsorption rate in 10 s.The compound additive of CeO_(2)and ZDDP presented the co-deposition mode of ZDDP monolayer rigid adsorption and CeO_(2)viscoelastic adsorption on the metal surface,which showed the highest adsorption rate in 10 s.It is found that the tribo-film must have high film forming rate and wear resistance at the same time in order to achieve super thickness.Cerium phosphate was formed from ZDDP and CeO,through tribochemistry reaction,which promotes the formation of an ultra-thick tribo-film with nanocomposite structure,which not only maintains the low friction characteristics of CeO,but also realizes high Pg and high load-carrying capacity. | Xue LEI Yujuan ZHANG Shengmao ZHANG Guangbin YANG Chunli ZHANG Pingyu ZHANG | 2023 | Friction2023，11，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Long-termfertilization effects on crop yield and nitrate nitrogen accumulationin soil in northwestern China显示文摘 | Shengmao Yang Fengmin Li Sukhdev S M | 2004 | Agronomy Journal2004，96，： | 1 |
| 12 | Prepara- tion of triazine derivatives and evaluation of their tribological properties aslubricantadditivesinpoly-alphaolefin 显示文摘 | Yang Guangbin Zhang Jinfeng Zhang Shengmao | 2013 | Tribology International2013，62，： | 1 |
| 13 | The Potential Vertical Distribution of Bigeye Tuna (Thunnus obesus) and Its Influence on the Spatial Distribution of CPUEs in the Tropical Atlantic Ocean显示文摘Understanding the potential vertical distribution of bigeye tuna(Thunnus obesus) is necessary to understand the catch rate fluctuations and the stock assessment of bigeye tuna. To characterize the potential vertical distribution of this fish while foraging and determine the influences of the distribution on longline efficiency in the tropical Atlantic Ocean, the catch per unit effort(CPUE) data were compiled from the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas and the Argo buoy data were downloaded from the Argo data center. The raw Argo buoy data were processed by data mining methods. The CPUE was standardized by support vector machine before analysis. We assumed the depths with the upper and lower limits of the optimum water temperatures of 15℃ and 9℃ as the preferred swimming depth, while the lower limit of the temperature(12℃) associated with the highest hooking rate as the preferred foraging depth(D12) of bigeye tuna during the daytime in the Atlantic Ocean. The preferred swimming depth and foraging depth range in the daytime were assessed by plotting the isobath based on Argo buoy data. The preferred swimming depth and vertical structure of the water column were identified to investigate the spatial effects on the CPUE by using a generalized additive model(GAM). The empirical cumulative distribution function was used to assess the relationship between the spatial distribution of CPUE and the depth of 12℃ isolines and thermocline. The results indicate that 1) the preferred swimming depth of bigeye tuna in the tropical Atlantic is from 100 m to 400 m and displays spatial variation;2) the preferred foraging depth of bigeye tuna is between 190 and 300 m and below the thermocline;3) the number of CPUEs peaks at a relative depth of 30 –50 m(difference between the 12℃ isolines and the lower boundary of the thermocline);and 4) most CPUEs are within the lower depth boundary of the thermocline levels(LDBT) which is from 160 m to 230 m. GAM analysis indicates that the general relationship between the nominal CPUE and LDBT is characterized by a dome shape and peaks at approximately 190 m. The oceanographic features influence the habitat of tropical pelagic fish and fisheries. Argo buoy data can be an important tool to describe the habitat of oceanic fish. Our results provide new insights into how oceanographic features influence the habitat of tropical pelagic fish and fisheries and how fisheries exploit these fish using a new tool(Argo profile data). | YANG Shenglong SONG Liming ZHANG Yu FAN Wei ZHANG Bianbian DAI Yang ZHANG Heng ZHANG Shengmao WU Yumei | 2020 | Journal of Ocean University of China2020，19，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Preparation of triazine derivatives and evaluation of their tribological properties as lubricant additives in poly-alpha olefin显示文摘 | Guangbin Yang Jinfeng Zhang Shengmao Zhang Laigui Yu Pingyu Zhang Baoli Zhu | 2013 | Tribology International2013，，： | 1 |
| 15 | Tribological properties and tribomechanism of nickel nanoparticles in-situ synthesized in rapeseed oil显示文摘Nickel(Ni)nanoparticles can be enriched on the surface of iron-based frictional pairs,which provides the possibility to get rid of the competitive adsorption between the polar species of vegetable oil and the surface-active nano-additives thereon.In this paper,nickel acetylacetonate was used as a precursor to in-situ synthesize nickel nanoparticles with an average diameter of about 12 nm in rapeseed oil(RO)as the reducing agent,surface modifier,and solvent as well.The tribological properties of the as-synthesized Ni nanoparticles were evaluated with a four-ball tribometer,and their tribomechanism was investigated based on the characterizations of the tribofilm on rubbed steel surfaces by the scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).It was found that the Ni nanoparticles in-situ prepared in the RO with a mass fraction of 0.3%can reduce the wear scar diameter(WSD)of the steel ball by 36%.This is because,on the one hand,the Ni nanoparticles are adsorbed on the rubbed steel surfaces to repair or fill up the micro-pits and grooves thereon.On the other hand,Ni nanoparticles participate in tribochemical reactions with atmospheric O and steel substrate to form the tribochemical reaction film on the rubbed steel surfaces with the assistance of friction-induced heat and applied normal load.In addition,an amorphous carbon film is formed on the rubbed surface via the carbonization of base oil under the catalysis of Ni nanoparticles.The adsorbed Ni layer,the tribochemical reaction film,and the carbon layer comprise a composite tribofilm composed of amorphous carbon,polar fatty acid,metallic nickel,iron oxides,and nickel oxides on the rubbed steel surfaces,which contributes to significantly improving the antiwear ability and load-carrying capacity of the RO for the steel-steel sliding pair. | Wenya XU Guangbin YANG Shengmao ZHANG Jun XU Yujuan ZHANG Tianhua SUN Ningning SONG Laigui YU Pingyu ZHANG | 2024 | Friction2024，12，3： | 0 |
| 16 | Hopf bifurcation of a tumor immune model with time delay显示文摘In this paper,a tumor immune model with time delay is studied.First,the stability of nonnegative equilibria is analyzed.Then the time delay τ is selected as a bifurcation parameter and the existence of Hopf bifurcation is proved.Finally,by using the canonical method and the central manifold theory,the criteria for judging the direction and stability of Hopf bifurcation are given. | Yanhong YANG Shengmao FU | 2022 | Frontiers of Mathematics in China2022，17，2： | 0 |
| 17 | Controllable synthesis of different morphologies of CuO nanostructures for tribological evaluation as water-based lubricant additives显示文摘In this study,water soluble CuO nanostructures having nanobelt,nanorod,or spindle morphologies were synthesized using aqueous solutions of Cu(NO_(3))_(2)·3H_(2)O and NaOH by adjusting the type of surface modifier and reaction temperature.The effect of morphologies of these various CuO nanostructures as water‐based lubricant additives on tribological properties was evaluated on a UMT‐2 micro‐friction tester,and the mechanisms underlying these properties are discussed.The three different morphologies of CuO nanostructures exhibited excellent friction‐reducing and anti‐wear properties.Tribological mechanisms differed in the initial stage of frictional interactions,but in the stable stage,a tribochemical reaction film and adsorbed lubricious film on the rubbing surfaces played important roles in hindering direct contact between friction pairs,leading to improved tribological properties. | Junhua ZHAO Guangbin YANG Yujuan ZHANG Shengmao ZHANG Chunli ZHANG Chuanping GAO Pingyu ZHANG | 2021 | Friction2021，9，5： | 0 |
| 18 | Blend with the Sea Surface Temperature from Different Satellites and Their Comparison in the Southeast Pacific Ocean显示文摘The daily sea surface temperature(SST)data from three kinds of different satellites of GMI,GOES and MODIS were applied to do the blend in the Southeast Pacific Ocean throughout the whole year of 2020.The coverage rates of the SST of the blend result were improved highly and more stable throughout the whole year,compared with the result of the single satellite of GMI,GOES,and MODIS.The yearly average coverage rates of GMI,GOES,MODIS,and blend were 43%,48%,30%,and 76%,and their corresponding yearly average standard deviation(SD)were 4%,6%,7%,and 4%,respectively.All the coverage rates of these three satellites were low from April to September.The valid observation days calculated in the whole year over every grid were used to represent the spatial distribution patterns of the coverage rates.The spatial distribution patterns of coverage rates from GOES and MODIS were similar that their valid observation days were higher in the northwest area and lower in the south area,and those of GMI was contrary to the former two.The ranges of valid observation day was from GOES,GMI,and MODIS were 0-364,6-254,and 9-231 d,respectively.After the blend,all the observation day of every grid in the research region was enhanced(103-366 d).Especially the near shore and south area,and the minimum valid observation day increased largely from the single digits to hundreds digit. | WU Yumei TANG Fenghua DAI Yang WANG Fei SHI Yongchuang ZHANG Shengmao | 2023 | Journal of Ocean University of China2023，22，2： | 0 |
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