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| 1 | The potential of genetically-engineered pigs in providing an alternative source of organs and cells for transplantation显示文摘There is a critical shortage of organs, cells, and corneas from deceased human donors worldwide. There are also shortages of human blood for transfusion. A potential solution to all of these problems is the transplantation of organs, cells, and corneas from a readily available animal species, such as the pig, and the transfusion of red blood cells from pigs into humans. However, to achieve these ends, major immunologic and other barriers have to be overcome. Considerable progress has been made in this respect by the genetic modification of pigs to protect their tissues from the primate immune response and to correct several molecular incompatibilities that exist between pig and primate. These have included knockout of genes responsible for the expression of major antigenic targets for primate natural anti-pig antibodies, insertion of human complementand coagulation-regulatory transgenes, and knockdown of swine leukocyte antigens that stimulate the primate's adaptive immune response. As a result of these manipulations, the administration of novel immunosuppressive agents, and other innovations, pig hearts have now functioned in baboons for 6-8 months, pig islets have maintained normoglycemia in diabetic monkeys for > 1 year, and pig corneas have maintained transparency for several months. Clinical trials of pig islet transplantation are already in progress. Future developments will involve further genetic manipulations of the organsource pig, with most of the genes that are likely to be beneficial already identified. | David K.C.Cooper Hidetaka Hara Mohamed Ezzelarab Rita Bottino Massimo Trucco Carol Phelps David Ayares Yifan Dai | 2013 | The Journal of Biomedical Research2013，27，4： | 6 |
| 2 | Use of genetically-engineered pig donors in islet transplantation显示文摘Type 1 diabetes(T1D) is an autoimmune disease wherein the pancreas does not produce enough insulin due to islet beta cell destruction. Despite improvements in delivering exogenous insulin to T1 D patients, pancreas or islet transplantation remains the best way to regulate their glycaemia. Results from experimental islet transplantation have improved dramatically in the last 15 years, to the point where it can be comparable to pancreas transplantation, but without the accompanying morbidity associated with this procedure. As with other transplants, the limiting factor in islet allotransplantation is the relatively small number of organs made available by deceased human donors throughout the world. A strong case can be made for islet xenotransplantation to fill the gap between supply and demand; however, transplantation across species presents challenges that are unique to that setting. In the search for the most suitable animal for human xenotransplantation, the pig has many advantages that make it the likely animal of choice. Potentially one of the most beneficial advantages is the ability to genetically engineer porcine donors to be more compatible with human recipients. Several genetic manipulations have already proven useful in relation to hyperacute rejection and inflammation(instant blood mediated inflammatory reaction), with the potential of even further advancement in the near future. | Rita Bottino Massimo Trucco | 2015 | World Journal of Transplantation2015，5，4： | 2 |
| 3 | Pancreatic Acinar Cell Nuclear Factor κB Activation Because of Bile Acid Exposure Is Dependent on Calcineurin显示文摘 | Kamaldeen A. Muili Shunqian Jin Abrahim I. Orabi John F. Eisses Tanveer A. Javed Tianming Le Rita Bottino Thotalla Jayaraman Sohail Z. Husain | 2013 | Journal of Biological Chemistry2013，，29： | 1 |
| 4 | Reduction of Early Graft Loss After Intraportal Porcine Islet Transplantation in Monkeys显示文摘 | Pleunie P. M. Rood Rita Bottino A N. Balamurugan Cindy Smetanka David Ayares Carl-Gustav Groth Noriko Murase David K. C. Cooper Massimo Trucco | 2007 | Transplantation2007，，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Clinical xenotransplantation: the next medical revolution?显示文摘 | Burcin Ekser Mohamed Ezzelarab Hidetaka Hara Dirk J van der Windt Martin Wijkstrom Rita Bottino Massimo Trucco David KC Cooper | 2012 | 2012 (9816)2012，，9816： | 1 |
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