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| 1 | 国际疼痛研究协会疼痛定义修订版:概念、挑战和折中显示文摘现行国际疼痛研究协会(IASP)将疼痛定义为'与实际或潜在组织损伤,或描述的类似损伤相关的一种不愉快的感觉和情感体验',该定义是由一个分类小组委员会推荐,并于1979年被IASP理事会所采纳。这一定义已被疼痛领域的卫生保健专业人士和研究人员广泛接受,并被一些行业、政府及非政府组织(包括世界卫生组织)所采用。近年来,一些业内人士认为,随着对疼痛更深入的了解,有必要对这个定义重新审定,并提出了修改建议。因此,2018年,IASP成立了一个主席特别工作小组,该小组是由14名来自多个国家的在疼痛相关的临床和基础科学方面拥有广泛专业知识的人员组成,其任务是评估现行定义及其附带注释,并对其保留还是修改提出建议。本文提供了关键概念的摘要、对IASP会员和公众评论的分析以及两年内委员会对疼痛定义和注释的最终修订意见。特别工作小组最后建议将疼痛定义修改为'与组织损伤或潜在组织损伤相关或类似相关的一种不愉快的感觉和情感体验',并将原来的附带注释更新为一系列简要说明并提供相关词源。今年年初,IASP理事会一致接受了修订后的定义和注释。 | Raja SN.Carr DB Cohen M.Finnerup NB Flor H.Gibson S Keefe FJ.Mogil JS Ringkamp M.Sluka KA Song XJ.Stevens B Sullivan MD.Tutelman PR Ushida T.Vader K 程志祥(译) 许继军(译) 程建国(审校) 刘先国(审校) 刘延青(审校) | 2020 | 中华疼痛学杂志2020，16，5： | 137 |
| 2 | Phytochemical and anti-bacterial activity of epidermal glands extract of Christella parasitica (L.) H. Lev.显示文摘Objective:To study the morphology,biochemistry and bioactivity of the epidermal glands of the glandular morphotype of Christella parasitica(C.parasitica)(L.) H.Lev.Methods: Morphological studies on epidermal glands were earned out by using light microscope and scanning electron microscope.To prepare the extract,the shade-dried fronds of glandular morphotype were soaked in acetone.For antibacterial studies paper disc method was followed by using various pathogenic bacteria.Results:Detailed micromorphological,phytochemical and bioactivity studies on a medicinal fern C.parasitica(L.) H.Lev.showed its inlraspecific variation in antibacterial activity.The presence or absence of the epidermal glands was the key factor for antibacterial activity in the morphovariants of this species.The epidermal glands were orange-coloured,stalked and elongated ones of about 84.2μm×45μm,and distributed on the undersurface of cosla,coslules and veins in croziers,young and mature leaves.Frequency of glands varied from 15/cm on costa in mature leaves to 140/cm on costules in croziers.The acetone extract of the glands showed antibacterial activities and also toxic effect against mosquito larvae and tadpoles of frog.Preliminary phytochemical analysis and HPLC studies of the gland extract showed the presence of various kinds of terpenoids,alkaloids,tannins,saponins and flavonoids in it.Conclusions:The present study shows that epidermal glands of the glandular morphotype of C. parasitica(L.) H.Lev.have several bioactive compounds and such rare moiphovariant should be conserved in nature.The next step is to isolate the pure compounds and to screen the bioactivity of individual compounds of the epidermal glands. | Paul Raj K Irudayaraj V Johnson M Patric Raja D | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2011，1，1： | 14 |
| 3 | Assessment of heavy metal pollution from the sediment of Tupilipalem Coast,southeast coast of India显示文摘Sediment from twelve stations was sampled from the Tupilipalem Coast, southeast coast of India, and the presence of a set of heavy metals was established including iron(Fe), manganese(Mn), chromium(Cr),copper(Cu), nickel(Ni), lead(Pb), zinc(Zn) and cadmium(Cd). The heavy metals were assessed by factor analysis, the results of which showed positive and/or negative correlations among Fe, Mn, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb,Zn, and Cd. Factor analysis also indicated that heavy metals in the sediments of the study area have different natural and anthropogenic sources. Similarly, a sediment pollution assessment was done using the Geoaccumulation Index(Igeo), Enrichment Factor(EF), and Pollution Load Index(PLI). The Geoaccumulation Index indicated that the surface sediment of the Tupilipalem Coast was extremely contaminated with Fe, Mn, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn. The calculation of enrichment factors showed a significant enrichment with respect to Pb, Zn, and Cd and a moderate enrichment with Cr, Cu, and Ni. The falling trend of average contents' enrichment factors is Cd > Pb > Zn > Cu > Cr > Ni > Mn > Fe. The PLI values of the Cd show higher(> 1) values due to the influence of distinct external sources like agricultural runoff, industrial activities, and other anthropogenic inputs. Ninety two percent of heavy metals under study showed the highest concentrations at station TP-5 where the Buckingham Canal and other agricultural and aquacultural effluents connect with the Bay of Bengal. This location is the second inlet which is periodically closed and it seemed that these parts of the study area are heavily affected by anthropogenic pollution. | Sreenivasulu Ganugapenta Jayaraju Nadimikeri Sundara Raja Reddy Balam Chinnapolla Lakshmanna Ballari Rajasekhar Madiga Nirmala K Lakshmi Prasad Tella | 2018 | International Journal of Sediment Research2018，33，3： | 8 |
| 4 | Skin-gut axis:The relationship between intestinal bacteria and skin health显示文摘The gut microbiome is an emerging area of interest in medicine. Imbalances in the gut microbiome have been linked to a number of disease states such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. The relationship between normally residing intestinal bacteria(the gut microbiota) and their potential role in the pathogenesis of skin diseases is an area of research for which we are only beginning to understand. Small studies have demonstrated underlying changes in the gut microbiome of patients with certain dermatological diseases. Interestingly, studies suggest that probiotics may have a role in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. However, the concept of the 'skin-gut axis' is a newly emerging and important avenue of investigation, still lacking in pathobiological explanations. This review will introduce and describe the intestinal microbiome as it relates to skin health in a complex communication network between the immune system, endocrine system, metabolic system, and nervous system. | Alexandra R Vaughn Manisha Notay Ashley K Clark Raja K Sivamani | 2017 | World Journal of Dermatology2017，6，4： | 4 |
| 5 | Solvent extraction of Hf(IV) from acidic chloride solutions using Cyanex 302显示文摘 | REDDY B R KUMAR J R RAJA K P REDDY A V | 2004 | Minerals Engineering2004，17，： | 1 |
| 6 | Investigation of the secondary phases of alloy 617 microscope显示文摘 | Rahman S Priyadarshan G Raja K S | 2008 | Materials Letters by scanning Kelvin probe force2008，62，15： | 1 |
| 7 | Heat transfer augmentation for the flow of a viscous liquid in circular tubes using twisted tape inserts显示文摘 | Agarwal S K Raja Rao M | 1996 | International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer1996，17，39： | 1 |
| 8 | Effects of escalating doses of sildenafil on hemodynamics and gas exchange in children with pulmonary hypertension and congenital cardiac defects 显示文摘 | Raja S Danton M D MacArthur K J | 2007 | J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth2007，21，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Incorporated tool selection sys-tem using object technology显示文摘 | Fernandes K J Raja V H | 2000 | International Journal ofMachine Tools&Manufacture2000，40，： | 1 |
| 10 | Nitric oxide function and signaling in plant disease resistance 显示文摘 | Hong J K Yun B W Kang J G Raja M U Kwon E Sorhagen K Chu C C Wang Y Q Loake G J | 2008 | Journal of Experimental Botany2008，59，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Fabrication of silk microneedles for controlled-release drug delivery 显示文摘 | TSIORIS K RAJA W K PRITCHARD E M | 2012 | Advanced Functional Materials2012，22，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Application of QFD to thesoftware development process 显示文摘 | BARNETT W D RAJA M K | 1995 | InternationalJournal of Quality & Reliability Management1995，12，6： | 1 |
| 13 | Transdermal delivery devices : fabrication, mechanics and drug release from silk 显示文摘 | RAJA W K MACCORKLE S DIWAN I M | 2013 | Small2013，9，21： | 1 |
| 14 | Impedance spectroscopic and dielectric analysis of PMMA-CO-P4VPNO pol- ymer films显示文摘 | RAJA V SHARMA A K NARASIMHA V V R | 2004 | Mater Lett2004，58，26： | 1 |
| 15 | 查看详情显示文摘 | Huang L Dolai S Raja K Kruk M | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 16 | Asparaginase-associated pancreatitis in children 显示文摘 | Raja RA Schmiegelow K Frandsen TL | 2012 | Br J Haematol2012，159，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Increased p53mutation load in noncancerous colon tissue from ulcerative colitis:a cancer-prone chronic inflammatory disease显示文摘 | Hussain S P Amstad P Raja K | 2000 | Cancer Res2000，60，13： | 1 |
| 18 | Improved corrosion resistance of Ni-22Cr-13Mo-4W alloy by surface nanocrystallization 显示文摘 | Raja K S Namjoshi S A Misra M | 2005 | Materials Letters2005，59，： | 1 |
| 19 | Determination of photo conversion efficiency of nanotubular titanium oxide photo-electrochemical cell for solar hydrogen generation显示文摘 | Raja K S Mahajan V K Misra M | 2006 | J Power Sources2006，159，： | 1 |
| 20 | Laser-induced breakdown speetroseopy analysis of lunar simulants under high vacuum conditions显示文摘 | ANTONY J K VASA N J SRIDHAR RAJA V L N | 2010 | TENCON2010，，4： | 1 |
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