| 3 | Effects of a multi-enzyme complex on growth performance,nutrient utilization and bone mineralization of meat duck显示文摘Background:Previous studies with broiler have shown dietary supplementation with multi-enzyme complex containing non-starch polysaccharides(NSP) degrading enzymes and phytase is efficient in releasing phosphorus(P),calcium(Ca),energy and amino acids from corn-soybean meal diets or corn-sorghum diets,hence compensating considerable levels of nutrients in formulation.Notwithstanding,such potentials have not been well defined in duck nutrition.Giving China being the largest duck producing country,we conducted this study to establish adequate specifications of major nutrients along with multi-enzyme complex to meat duck from day-old to slaughter,focusing on performance,utilization of nutrients and bone mineralization.Five dietary treatments were:Positive control(PC,T1):the nutrients concentration of diet for 1 to 14 d of age were apparent metabolizable energy(AME) 2,800 kcal/kg,crude protein(CP)19.39%,Ca 0.85%,available phosphorus(avP) 0.42%;for 15 to 35 d of age these parameters were AME2,900 kcal/kg,CP 16.47%,Ca 0.76%,avP 0.38%;Negative control 1(NC1,T2),the AME and digestible amino acids(DAA)were reduced by 70 kcal/kg and 2.0%,avP and Ca by 1.0 g/kg from PC diet;Negative control 2(NC2T4),the downspec from PC diet was AME 100 kcal/kg,DAA 2.5%,avP 1.5 g/kg and Ca 1.2 g/kg;The enzyme complex was added at the same dosage(200 ml7 1,000 kg) on NCI(T3) and NC2(T5) diets.Results:Comparing with the ducks fed on T1,T3 and T5 diets,the birds fed on NC2 diet showed the lowest(P < 0.05)body weight(d 14 and 35),feed intake(d 35),tibia ash,Ca and P contents(d 14 and 35),and the utilization of nutrients(P< 0.05).The supplementation with the enzyme complex to the NC diets restored growth rate,utilization of nutrients and bone mineralization to the level of the PC diet,and increased AME by 60 kcal/kg and117 kcal/kg,respectively for the NCI and NC2 diets.Conclusion:These results suggest that down-spec AME by 100 kcal/kg,DAA by 2.5%,avP by 1.5 g/kg and Ca by1.2 g/kg caused detrimental effects on duck performance compared with those fed on the PC diet,and these performance losses can be compensated by the addition of the multiple-enzyme complex. | Qiufeng Zeng Xueqin Huang Yuheng Luo Xuemei Ding Shiping Bai Jianping Wang Yue Xuan Zhuowei Su Yonggang Liu Keying Zhang | 2015 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2015，6，4： | 1 |
| 5 | Distribution of Heavy Metals in Common Energy Feedstuffs and Protein Feedstuffs in Sichuan Province显示文摘[Objectives] The paper was designed to investigate the heavy metal distribution in energy feedstuffs and protein feedstuffs commonly used in Sichuan Province,in order to provide scientific basis for safe production of feedstuffs and animal products. [Methods] The contents of manganese( Mn),copper( Cu),zinc( Zn),vanadium( V),chromium( Cr),cobalt( Co),nickel( Ni),selenium( Se),molybdenum( Mo),cadmium( Cd),arsenic( As),mercury( Hg)and lead( Pb) in 68 samples of energy feedstuffs [corn,wheat,distillers dried grains with solubles( DDGS),corn bran with syrup,wheat bran and rice bran]and 61 samples of protein feedstuffs( corn gluten meal,corn germ meal,soybean meal,rapeseed meal and cottonseed meal) collected from Sichuan province were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry( ICP-MS). [Results]( 1) The over standard rates of Cu,Cr and Pb in corn were 5. 00%,20. 00% and 5. 00%,respectively; and the means of over standard samples were 11. 00,1. 41 and 1. 06 mg/kg,respectively. The over standard rates of Cu,Zn,Cr,Se and Pb in wheat were 50. 00%,30. 00%,50. 00%,20. 00% and 30. 00%,respectively; and the means of over standard samples were 12. 96,54. 67,4. 92,0. 53 and 0. 72 mg/kg,respectively.( 2) The over standard rates of Cu,Zn,Cr,Se,Cd and Pb in wheat bran were 100. 00%,54. 55%,81. 82%,9. 09%,45. 45% and 72. 73%,respectively; and the means of over standard samples was 16. 01,62. 00,13. 96,0. 82,0. 42 and 1. 99 mg/kg,respectively. The over standard rates of Cu,Zn,Cr,As,Se,Cd and Pb in rice bran were 83. 33%,16. 67%,83. 33%,83. 33%,16. 67%,66. 67% and 100. 00%,respectively; and the means of over standard samples were 11. 48,64. 00,5. 37,1. 05,0. 32,0. 23 and 19. 57 mg/kg,respectively.( 3) The over standard rates of Cu,Zn,Cr,As,Se and Pb in corn germ meal were 25. 00%,37. 50%,75. 00%,12. 50%,25. 00% and 50. 00%,respectively; and the means of over standard samples were 13. 50,64. 00,6. 10,1. 82,0. 46 and 1. 66 mg/kg,respectively. The over standard rates of Cu,Cr and Se in corn gluten meal were 11. 11%,55. 56% and 55. 56%,respectively; and the means of over standard samples were 11. 40,1. 56 and 0. 94 mg/kg,respectively. The over standard rates of Zn,Cr and Pb in corn bran with syrup were 44. 44%,77. 78% and 55. 56%,respectively; and the means of over standard samples were 57. 50,6. 13 and 1. 65 mg/kg,respectively. The over standard rates of Cu,Zn,Cr,Se,Cd and Pb in DDGS were 33. 33%,58. 33%,66. 67%,8. 33%,8. 33% and 66. 67%,respectively; and the means of over standard sample were 11. 75,62. 57,5. 57,0. 30,0. 62 and 4. 47 mg/kg,respectively.( 4) The over standard rates of Cr and Se in soybean meal was 15. 00% and25. 00%,respectively; and the means of over standard sample were 3. 90 and 1. 63 mg/kg,respectively. The over standard rates of Cr,Se and Pb in cottonseed meal were 40. 00%,30. 00% and 15. 00%,respectively; and the means of over standard samples were 3. 43,1. 18 and 3. 14 mg/kg,respectively. The over standard rates of Cr,As,Se,Cd and Pb in rapeseed meal were 81. 82%,18. 18%,45. 45%,9. 09% and 72. 73%,respectively; and the means of over standard samples were 7. 48,2. 22,0. 36,0. 24 and 4. 91 mg/kg,respectively. [Conclusions]The heavy metal pollution is more serious in grain by-products and cottonseed meal; the contents of Cr and Pb in feed ingredient are seriously excessive,which is potentially dangerous,and should be paid great attention. | Bai Xue Yuan Zehong Wang Jianping Ding Xuemei Bai Shiping Zeng Qiufeng Zhang Keying | 2017 | Animal Husbandry and Feed Science2017，9，3： | 0 |
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