| 1 | Clinicopathological features and surgical outcomes of four rare subtypes of primary liver carcinoma显示文摘Objective:This study aimed to analyze clinicopathological and prognostic features of four rare pathological subtypes of primary liver malignancies to make better understanding of their clinical features.Methods:The clinicopathological data of 114 patients who were diagnosed with histologically proven four subtypes:clear cell carcinoma(CCC),giant cell carcinoma(GCC),sarcomatoid carcinoma(SC),and combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma(CHC)between October 1998 and August 2015 were reviewed.Their survival data were compared with those of 908 patients with histologically proven common hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)(early-and advanced-stage HCC)during the same period.Results:The outcome of the CCC group was better than that of the other three subgroups,and was similar to that of the early-stage HCC group.Also,the smallest tumor size and the highest incidence of pseudocapsule formation were observed in the CCC group.The SC group had the worst outcome among these four subgroups;the prognosis was much poorer than that of any other subgroups,even poorer than that of the advanced-stage common HCC group.No statistical difference was observed between the GCC,CHC and advanced-stage HCC groups on survival analysis.The incidences of tumor vascular emboli,TNM staging and non-radical resection were three risk factors of the prognosis.Conclusions:CCC is a low-degree malignancy and relatively favorably prognostic subtype of HCC.However,GCC,SC,and CHC are three rare high-degree malignancy subtypes of HCC with poor prognosis. | Zhiyu Li Xiaolong Wu Xinyu Bi Yefan Zhang Zhen Huang Haizhen Lu Hong Zhao Jianjun Zhao Jianguo Zhou Muxing Li Jianming Ying Jianqiang Cai | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2018，30，3： | 6 |
| 2 | The Piks allele of the NLR immune receptor Pik breaks the recognition of AvrPik effectors of rice blast fungus显示文摘Arms race co-evolution of plant–pathogen interactions evolved sophisticated recognition mechanisms between host immune receptors and pathogen effectors. Different allelic haplotypes of an immune receptor in the host mount distinct recognition against sequence or non-sequence related effectors in pathogens. We report the molecular characterization of the Piks allele of the rice immune receptor Pik against rice blast pathogen, which requires two head-to-head arrayed nucleotide-binding sites and leucine-rich repeat proteins. Like other Pik alleles, both Piks-1 and Piks-2 are necessary and sufficient for mediating resistance. However, unlike other Pik alleles, Piks does not recognize any known AvrPik variants of Magnaporthe oryzae. Sequence analysis of the genome of an avirulent isolate V86010 further revealed that its cognate avirulence(Avr) gene most likely has no significant sequence similarity to known AvrPik variants. Piks-1 and Pikm-1 have only two amino acid differences within the integrated heavy metal-associated(HMA) domain. Pikm-HMA interacts with AvrPik-A,-D, and-E in vitro and in vivo,whereas Piks-HMA does not bind any AvrPik variants. Characterization of two amino acid residues differing Piks-1 from Pikm-1 reveal that Piks-E229Q derived from the exchange of Glu229 to Gln229 in Piks-1 gains recognition specificity against AvrPik-D but not AvrPik-A or-E, indicating that Piks-E229Q partially restores the Pikm spectrum. By contrast,Piks-A261V derived from the exchange of Ala261 to Val261 in Piks-1 retains Piks recognition specificity.We conclude that Glu229 in Piks-1 is critical for Piks breaking the canonical Pik/AvrPik recognition pattern. Intriguingly, binding activity and ectopic cell death induction is maintained between Piks-A261V and AvrPik-D, implying that positive outcomes from ectopic assays might be insufficient to deduce its immune activity against the relevant effectors in rice and rice blast interaction. | Gui Xiao Wenjuan Wang Muxing Liu Ya Li Jianbin Liu Marina Franceschetti Zhaofeng Yi Xiaoyuan Zhu Zhengguang Zhang Guodong Lu Mark J.Banfield Jun Wu Bo Zhou | 2023 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2023，65，3： | 0 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员