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您的检索式：作者名="Moses Arinaitwe"
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| 1 | Intestinal schistosomiasis in Uganda at high altitude(>1400 m):malacological and epidemiological surveys on Mount Elgon and in Fort Portal crater lakes reveal extra preventive chemotherapy needs显示文摘Background:Intestinal schistosomiasis is of public health importance in Uganda but communities living above 1400 m are not targeted for control as natural transmission is thought unlikely.To assess altitudinal boundaries and at-risk populations,conjoint malacological and epidemiological surveys were undertaken on Mount Elgon(1139 m-3937 m),in Fort Portal crater lakes and in the Rwenzori Mountains(1123 m-4050 m).Methods:Seventy freshwater habitats[Mount Elgon(37),Fort Portal crater lakes(23),Rwenzori Mountains(8)and Lake Albert(2)]were inspected for Biomphalaria species.Water temperature,pH and conductivity were recorded.A parasitological examination of 756 schoolchildren[Mount Elgon(300),Fort Portal crater lakes(456)]by faecal microscopy of duplicate Kato-Katz smears from two consecutive stool samples was bolstered by antigen(urine-CCA dipstick)and antibody(SEA-ELISA)diagnostic assays.Results:Biomphalaria spp.was found up to 1951 m on Mount Elgon and 1567 m in the Fort Portal crater lakes.Although no snail from Mount Elgon shed cercariae,molecular analysis judged 7.1%of snails sampled at altitudes above 1400 m as having DNA of Schistosoma mansoni;in Fort Portal crater lakes three snails shed schistosome cercariae.Prevalence of intestinal schistosomiasis as measured in schoolchildren by Kato-Katz(Mount Elgon=5.3%v.Fort Portal crater lakes=10.7%),CCA urine-dipsticks(18.3%v.34.4%)and SEA-ELISA(42.3%v.63.7%)showed negative associations with increasing altitude with some evidence of infection up to 2000 m.Conclusions:Contrary to expectations,these surveys clearly show that natural transmission of intestinal schistosomiasis occurs above 1400 m,possibly extending up to 2000 m.Using spatial epidemiological predictions,this now places some extra six million people at-risk,denoting an expansion of preventive chemotherapy needs in Uganda. | Michelle CStanton Moses Adriko Moses Arinaitwe Alison Howell Juliet Davies Gillian Allison EJames LaCourse Edridah Muheki Narcis BKabatereine J.Russell Stothard | 2017 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2017，6，1： | 3 |
| 2 | Why is malaria associated with poverty? Findings from a cohort study in rural Uganda显示文摘Background:Malaria control and sustainable development are linked,but implementation of‘multisectoral’intervention is restricted by a limited understanding of the causal pathways between poverty and malaria.We investigated the relationships between socioeconomic position(SEP),potential determinants of SEP,and malaria in Nagongera,rural Uganda.Methods:Socioeconomic information was collected for 318 children aged six months to 10 years living in 100 households,who were followed for up to 36 months.Mosquito density was recorded using monthly light trap collections.Parasite prevalence was measured routinely every three months and malaria incidence determined by passive case detection.First,we evaluated the association between success in smallholder agriculture(the primary livelihood source)and SEP.Second,we explored socioeconomic risk factors for human biting rate(HBR),parasite prevalence and incidence of clinical malaria,and spatial clustering of socioeconomic variables.Third,we investigated the role of selected factors in mediating the association between SEP and malaria.Results:Relative agricultural success was associated with higher SEP.In turn,high SEP was associated with lower HBR(highest versus lowest wealth index tertile:Incidence Rate Ratio 0.71,95%confidence intervals(CI)0.54–0.93,P=0.01)and lower odds of malaria infection in children(highest versus lowest wealth index tertile:adjusted Odds Ratio 0.52,95%CI 0.35–0.78,P=0.001),but SEP was not associated with clinical malaria incidence.Mediation analysis suggested that part of the total effect of SEP on malaria infection risk was explained by house type(24.9%,95%CI 15.8–58.6%)and food security(18.6%,95%CI 11.6–48.3%);however,the assumptions of the mediation analysis may not have been fully met.Conclusion:Housing improvements and agricultural development interventions to reduce poverty merit further investigation as multisectoral interventions against malaria.Further interdisplinary research is needed to understand fully the complex pathways between poverty and malaria and to develop strategies for sustainable malaria control. | Lucy S.Tusting John Rek Emmanuel Arinaitwe Sarah G.Staedke Moses R.Kamya Jorge Cano Christian Bottomley Deborah Johnston Grant Dorsey Steve W.Lindsay Jo Lines | 2016 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2016，5，1： | 0 |
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