|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | 肠道是外科应激的中心器官显示文摘小肠在创伤和感染所致蛋白质分解反应中起着中心器官的作用。粘膜利用谷氨酰胺因而节省糖——推动必需使用糖的组织节省这个重要的能量来源。随着不恰当的营养支持和长期的应激,血浆和组织的谷氨酰胺水平下降,提示发生了谷氨酰胺缺乏。这立刻导致胃肠粘膜萎缩,提供含谷氨酰胺的食物能纠正不正常的低谷氨酰胺水平,增加肠粘膜的细胞数目。肠粘膜的紊乱连同饥饿、创伤、感梁、免疫抑制、化疗、缺乏肠内营养及其它应激一起造成胃肠粘膜屏障的崩溃。细菌及其毒素从肠道迁移入血侵袭宿主。通过与网状内皮系统的相互作用,产生细胞因子,刺激垂体—肾上腺轴,进而加强了应激反应。皮质激素的释放促进骨骼肌蛋白质分解,骨骼肌的谷氨酰胺释放增加,用于肠修补。尽管机体内稳定机制看来是要尽力帮助肠粘膜修补并维持免疫反应,可是严重的创伤或长期的谷氨酰胺缺乏不能适当地支持肠粘膜修复,同时使此循环自身维持运转下去。 疾病早期开始适当的肠内营养支持能维持足够的胃肠粘膜屏障。在许多情况下此途经营养支持不合适或不可能时,谷氨酰胺强化的肠外营养支持为维护肠道和免疫功能提供了一个替代途经。同时它能增加胃肠粘膜的细胞数,增加肠损伤后的存活能力。特定的激素也能刺激粘膜的生长。 | Douglas W.Wilmore M.D. 杨少卫 马永贤 | 1993 | 中华临床营养杂志1993,11,1: | 36 |
| 2 | (Photore juvenation)强脉冲光子非剥脱嫩肤技术显示文摘 | MarkS.Nestor M.D. Ph.D.DavidJ.Goldberg M.D. MitchelP.Goldman M.D. RobertA.Weiss M.D. DarrellS.Rigel M.D. 彭国红 | 2001 | 中国美容医学2001,10,3: | 22 |
| 3 | 美国结直肠外科医师协会2019版藏毛窦诊治临床实践指南显示文摘美国结直肠外科医师协会(The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons,ASCRS)于2019年2月公布了最新的藏毛窦诊治临床实践指南。指南是由国际知名结直肠外科专家组成的临床实践指南委员会修订,对藏毛窦的一些争议进行了汇总和分析。 | Eric K.Johnson,M.D. Jon D.Vogel,M.D. Michelle L.Cowan,M.D. Daniel L.Feingold,M.D. Scott R.Steele,M.D.,M.B.A. 杜涛 张振宇 冷株赟 傅传刚 | 2019 | 结直肠肛门外科2019,25,4: | 23 |
| 4 | GRAIN BOUNDARY REORGANIZATION IN INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS NiAl AND FeAl显示文摘Computer simulation of grain boundaries(GB) was carried out in Fe and ordered alloys NiAl and FeAl with B2 superlattice. In this work symmetrical tilt grain boundaries =5[100](012) and = 5[100](013) are studied. The atomic interaction has been described by Morse empirical central- force potentials.The atomic structure and energy of GB were investigated by means of construction of -surface using full atomic relaxation by method of molecular statics. It is shown that = 5 tilt GBs in Fe, Ni3Al and NiAl have several steady states. Comparison of our results with geometrical model of coincidence site lattice (CSL) was carried out. GBs in model CSL are unstable, the stabilization is achieved by additional displacement at some vector along the plane of defect. | M.D. Starostenkov, B. F. Demyanov, E.A. Kuklina and E. G. Sverdlova General Physics Department, Altai State Technical University, Lenin st 46, Barnaul, 656099, Russia | 2000 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2000,13,2: | 13 |
| 5 | Study on Cytokines IL-2,IL-6,IL-10 in Patients of Chronic Allergic Rhinitis Treated with Acupuncture显示文摘Objectives: To observe the plasmatic concentration of IL-6, IL-10 and IL-2 in the patient of chronic allergic rhinitis before and after acupuncture therapy. Methods: Cytokine levels were determined before and after treatment in 30 healthy volunteers (Group A) and 90 patients of chronic allergic rhinitis (Group B) with an increased plasma IL-10 level. Group B was then divided into 3 subgroups: 30 patients treated with real acupuncture (Group B1); 30 patients treated with sham acupuncture (Group B2); 30 non-treated patients (Group B3). Results: The allergic subjects of group B1, compared with controls, showed a significant reduction of IL-10 after a specific treatment with acupuncture (P<0.05). On the other hand, in those patients treated with sham acupuncture (B2) as well as in non-treated patients (B3), the IL-10 values remained high and unchanged. There was a statistically significant change in IL-2 values at 24 hours (P<0.05) after real acupuncture (Groups A, B1), however the values remained within normal ranges. The IL-6 do not change after therapy. Conclusion: The acupuncture treatment can reduce plasmatic level of IL-10 in chronic allergic rhinitis. | FILOMENA BANGRAZI PETTI M.Sc.Ph.D. ALDO LIGUORI M.D. FLORA IPPOLITI M.D.Ph.D. | 2002 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2002,22,2: | 12 |
| 6 | 应用64层CT对心肌灌注缺损、局部室壁运动及左室功能的综合评估显示文摘目的评估64层CT评价心肌灌注缺损(PD),局部室壁运动(RWM)和左室(Lv)功能的准确性。方法所有心肌梗死(MI)病人签署知情同意书。本研究经机构审查委员会批准并依从HIPAA法案。102例病人(34例近期患急性MI,68例未患MI)接受了心脏多层CT检查。分析心脏多层CT影像以评估心肌PD、RWM异常和LV功能。多层CT获得的LV总体功能及RWM与经胸超声心动图(TTE)对照。PD由多层CT检出,并评价其与心脏生化指标及SPECT心肌灌注成像的相关性。多层CT诊断急性MI的根据,是有与RWM异常相匹配的PD并与临床评估对照。结果多层CT获得的总体心功能(r=0.68)和RWM(K=0,79)与TIE相关性良好。 | R.C. Cury K. Nieman M.D. Shapiro J.Butler C.H. Nomura M. Ferencik 邱建星(译) 唐光健(校) | 2008 | 国际医学放射学杂志2008,31,5: | 10 |
| 7 | 妊娠合并糖尿病诱发胚胎先天性神经管缺陷动物模型的MAP激酶信号传导机制显示文摘为了揭示妊娠合并糖尿病诱发胚胎先天性神经管缺陷的分子机制,并探讨其有效的防治方法。实验选用6个实验组的Sprague Dawley大鼠:第1组为常规饲养的正常对照组;第2组尾静脉注射65mg/kgStreptozotocin(STZ)构建妊娠合并糖尿病、且诱发先天性神经管缺陷的实验组大鼠;第3组为STZ构建的糖尿病、但胚胎不伴有先天性神经管缺陷的大鼠模型;第4、5、6组为STZ构建的糖尿病治疗组大鼠,每日分别给予80μg/mL花生四烯酸(arachidonicacid,AA)、400mg维生素E、抗氧化剂(维生素E)和不饱和脂肪酸(safloweroil)混合物cocktail治疗。于妊娠第12天取出各组胚胎,解剖显微镜下进行形态学分析;提取卵黄囊细胞蛋白质,应用特异性抗磷酸化抗体进行免疫共沉淀及Western印迹,对MAP激酶信号途径上各蛋白激酶ERK1/2、JNK1/2、RAF 1活性进行分析。与正常对照组相比,妊娠合并糖尿病诱发的先天性神经管缺陷胚胎中(第2组),ERK1/2蛋白激酶活性显著下降,其上游RAF 1活性相应降低;与此相反,JNK1/2活性明显升高。在给予花生四烯酸、维生素E补充物治疗后,通过调节MAP激酶信号通路蛋白激酶活性,逆转了胚胎神经管缺陷的发生。妊娠合并糖尿病诱发的胚胎先天性神经管缺陷的发生,与MAP激酶信号传导机制异常密切相关。 | 陈必良 马向东 辛晓燕 王德堂 E.Albert Reece M.D. | 2004 | 遗传2004,26,5: | 7 |
| 8 | 眼压与全身血压的纵向前瞻性研究:BeaverDam眼科研究 | Klein B.E.K. Klein R. Knudtson M.D. 邢咏新 | 2005 | 世界核心医学期刊文摘(眼科学分册)2005,0,8: | 6 |
| 9 | Pancreaticoduodenectomy with vascular resection: margin status and survival duration显示文摘 | Jennifer F. Tseng M.D. Chandrajit P. Raut M.D. Jeffrey E. Lee M.D. Peter W. T. Pisters M.D. Jean-Nicolas Vauthey M.D. Eddie K. Abdalla M.D. Henry F. Gomez M.D. Charlotte C. Sun Dr.P.H. Christopher H. Crane M.D. Robert A. Wolff M.D. Douglas B. Evans M.D | 2004 | Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2004,,8: | 6 |
| 10 | 直立性低血压显示文摘 | John G.Bradley M.D. Kathy A.Davis R.N. 金世红 | 2005 | 中国实用乡村医生杂志2005,12,3: | 6 |
| 11 | 美国结直肠外科医师协会2019版肠道准备在择期结直肠手术中的应用临床实践指南显示文摘美国结直肠外科医师协会(The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons,ASCRS)于2019年1月公布了最新的肠道准备在择期结直肠手术中的应用临床实践指南。该指南是由国际知名结直肠外科专家组成的临床实践指南委员会修订,对肠道准备的一些争议进行了汇总和分析。 | John Migaly,M.D. Andrea C.Bafford,M.D. Todd D.Francone,M.D.,M.P.H. Wolfgang B.Gaertner,M.D.,M.Sc. Cagla Eskicioglu,M.D.,M.Sc.,F.R.C.S.C. Liliana Bordeianou,M.D.,M.P.H. Daniel L.Feingold,M.D. Scott R.Steele,M.D.,M.B.A. 刘孟承 王恺京 杜涛 傅传刚 | 2019 | 结直肠肛门外科2019,25,4: | 6 |
| 12 | 围手术期营养支持:一个随机的临床研究显示文摘自从人工营养支持方法应用以来,人们期望用营养支持来减少外科患者的死亡率和发病率。许多研究都谈及此问题,但由于概念和方法学的缺陷,很少给予有意义的回答。作者前瞻性的,随机的研究类似的营养消耗患者,在术前至少10天胃肠外营养(PN)(n=51),或肠内营养(EN)(n=50),提供150%的基础能量消耗,对减少大的手术后并发症和死亡率的影响。50例作为营养消耗患者(D)的对照组,49例作为非消牦患者(ND)的参考组,均立即手术。 消耗的对照组患者比非消耗的参考组患者有显著增多的炎症并发症(P<0.05),但非消耗组和营养支持组之间无统计学差异。在体重丢失10%以上和手术时失血500ml以上的患者中,营养支持可显著减少严重的并发症发生(P<0.05)。 有消耗的患者手术前营养支持能减少严重的并发症发生,对有消耗的患者是有益的。 | Peter B.Soeters M.D. 何桂珍 | 1993 | 中华临床营养杂志1993,11,2: | 5 |
| 13 | Malignancies of the Appendix: Beyond Case Series Reports显示文摘 | Marcia L. McGory M.D. Melinda A. Maggard M.D. M.S.H.S. Hakjung Kang M.D. Ph.D. Jessica B. O'Connell M.D. Clifford Y. Ko M.D. M.S. M.S.H.S | 2005 | Diseases of the Colon & Rectum2005,,12: | 5 |
| 14 | 急性支气管炎的诊断和治疗显示文摘 | 邓博雅 Doug Knutson M.D. Chad Braun M.D. | 2002 | 实用乡村医生杂志2002,9,6: | 5 |
| 15 | International perspectives in PMR education and training显示文摘Generalities Physiatry training differs markedly between countries. There is no universal agreed upon residency training curriculum, there is no uniformity with respect to training duration, or requirements, and no universal PM&R certification process. There is little reciprocity among countries with respect to physiatry training and certification. | Joel A. DeLisa, M.D., M.S. | 2008 | 中国康复医学杂志2008,23,8: | 5 |
| 16 | 使用硫酸亚铁除去水溶液中的氰化物显示文摘目前,某些金选厂使用硫酸亚铁除去尾矿中的氰化物。有时,过程需要优化。本文对氰化物和硫酸亚铁间的反应进行了详细的研究。除去全部氰化物的最优条件要求pH5.5~6.5;Fe:CN克分子比为0.5。在酸性水溶液中亚铁氰化物离子不稳定,快速氧化成铁氰化物(Fe(CN)63-),在pH值低于4时形成Fe(CH)5H2O3-。在碱性溶液中,氰化物和硫酸亚铁反应生成的沉淀物,主要是不溶性的普鲁土蓝Fe4[Fe(CN)6]8,它不稳定,在pH值大干7时,快速分解形成亚铁氰化物(Fe(CN)64-)和各种不同的不溶性铁的氧化物。 | M.D.阿当斯 魏明安 | 1995 | 国外金属矿选矿1995,32,2: | 5 |
| 17 | 鸡消化道微生物菌群的组成及作用机理显示文摘自发现了可以研究动物肠道微生物的技术以来,家禽消化道的微生物菌落一直是人们研究的对象。对于肠道微生物菌群的营养和生理需求,我们所掌握的知识很有限,仅限于了解可以在实验室条件下轻易培养的那些菌种。在分子技术得到运用之前,这些结果掩盖了鸡肠道微生物菌群的真实组成及其行为,这些分子技术包括聚合酶链式反应(Polymerase Chain Reaction,PCR)、变性梯度凝胶电泳(Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis,DGGE)、末端限制性片段长度多态性(Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism,T-RFLP)分析、克隆和测序等方法。当DNA测序技术变得更为廉价且耗时更少时,人们对肠道微生物菌群实际组成的研究取得了重大进展。研究人员揭示了肠道微生物菌群(包括未经培养的微生物)的真实组成,并提出了其在鸡生理学中作用的新见解。本文我们将讨论家禽肠道微生物菌群组成及其对肠道内环境稳定以及肠道发育、分化和成熟的影响。此外,我们还将介绍改变肠道微生物菌群组成会怎样改善营养物质的吸收和怎样改变可以影响肠道功能的黏蛋白层组成。学术界在这方面已经取得了重大研究进展,未来的研究是要阐明肠道微生物对家禽生理的影响机制。未来家禽生产上的发展将包括专为获得特定作用设计的微生物调节剂。 | 韩浩月(译/制图) 陈建康(审) a. a. pedroso m.d. lee | 2018 | 国外畜牧学(猪与禽)2018,38,5: | 5 |
| 18 | Resected adenocarcinoma of the pancreas— 616 patients: Results, outcomes, and prognostic indicators显示文摘 | Taylor A. Sohn M.D. Charles J. Yeo M.D. Jokn L. Cameron M.D. Leonidas Koniaris M.D. Sunjay Kaushal M.D. Ross A. Abrams M.D. Patricia K. Sauter A.C.N.P. JoAnn Coleman A.C.N.P. Ralph H. Hruban M.D. Keith D. Lillemoe M.D | 2000 | Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2000,,6: | 4 |
| 19 | 基础及周期雄激素水平与体外受精刺激参数有关,但不能预测妊娠结局显示文摘Objective: To evaluate androgen levels before and during IVF. To assess for an association between androgen levels and IVF stimulation parameters or IVF pregnancy outcome. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Residency-based IVF program. Patient(s): One hundred seventeen infertility patients. Intervention(s): Androgen levels were evaluated on basal day 3 and during the IVF stimulation cycle. Main Outcome Measure(s): Pregnancy outcome rates and IVF stimulation parameters. Result(s): Mean serum androgen levels did not differ among different pregnancy outcomes. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that body mass index (BMI) and oocyte number had a significant positive association with basal testosterone levels. Mean ovarian volume correlated negatively and follicle number correlated positively with testosterone levels on day 6 of stimulation. Peak E2 and BMI correlated positively with testosterone on day of hCG administration. The interval change in androgen levels throughout the IVF cycle was not associated with outcome rates. Likewise, threshold analysis did not reveal any significant androgen level that affected pregnancy outcome. Conclusion(s): Serum androgen levels during IVF correlate with IVF stimulation parameters. However, these data do not support an influence of serum androgen levels on IVF pregnancy outcome rates. | Frattarelli J.L Gerber M.D. 朱晓明 | 2006 | 世界核心医学期刊文摘(妇产科学分册)2006,0,11: | 4 |
| 20 | A constipation scoring system to simplify evaluation and management of constipated patients显示文摘 | Dr. Feran Agachan M.D. Teng Chen M.D. Johann Pfeifer M.D. Petachia Reissman M.D. Steven D. Wexner M.D | 1996 | Diseases of the Colon & Rectum1996,,6: | 4 |