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| 1 | Improvement of Selected Morphological, Physiological, and Biochemical Parameters of Banana (Musa acuminata L.) Using Potassium Silicate under Drought Stress Condition Grown in vitro显示文摘Drought stress has become more common in recent years as a result of climate change impacts on the production of banana crops and other fruit trees.The growth and productivity of Musa spp are severely impacted by the gradual degradation of water resources and the erratic distribution pattern of annual precipitation amount.The aim of the work includes increased drought tolerance in light of water scarcity in the world as a result of the bananas’being gluttonous for water needs.This investigation was carried out from 2019 to 2020 to study the effect of potassium silicate on morphological growth and biochemical parameters of Musa acuminata L under drought stress by PEG.As a result,drought stress reduced the morphological characteristics such as shoots number,shoot length,roots number,and survival percentage and biochemical characteristics such as chlorophyll a,b,carotenoids,stomatal status,and RWC.While proline content increased in the leaf of M.acuminata L.Media complemented with K2SiO3(2 to 6 mM)either individually or in combination with PEG led to an improvement in all morphological and biochemical characteristics.The activities of CAT,POD,and PPO enzymes increased significantly compared to control.Furthermore,the lowest PPO,CAT,and POD activity were achieved.Additionally,K2SiO3 treatments under drought stress successfully enhanced the leaf stomatal behavior.Our results suggest that K2SiO3 can help to maintain plant integrity in the tested cultivar under drought stress. | Hosny Abdel Aziz Mohamed Sharaf Magdy Omar Ahmed Abou El-Yazied Nada Ibrahim AlJwaizea Shaimaa Ismail Mohamed M.A.Omar Khadiga Alharbi Amr Elkelish Moataz Tawfik | 2023 | Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany2023，92，4： | 0 |
| 2 | Toxic and Antifeedant Effects of Different Pesticidal Plant Extracts against Beet Armyworm (Spodoptera exigua)显示文摘The beet armyworm(BAW),Spodoptera exigua(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)is a highly destructive pest of vegetables and field crops.Management of beet armyworm primarily relies on synthetic pesticides,which is threatening the beneficial community and environment.Most importantly,the BAW developed resistance to synthetic pesticides with making it difficult to manage.Therefore,alternative and environment-friendly pest management tactics are urgently required.The use of pesticidal plant extracts provides an effective way for a sustainable pest management program.To evaluate the use of pesticidal plant extracts against BAW,we selected six plant species(Lantana camara,Aloe vera,Azadirachta indica,Cymbopogon citratus,Nicotiana tabacum,and Ocimum basilicum)for initial screening experiment.Four out of six plant species such as A.indica,N.tabacum,C.citratus and O.basilicum showed promising mortality of more than 50%.Therefore,we selected these four plant extracts for the subsequent experiments.Through contact bioassay,A.indica showed high mortality 66.63%,followed by the N.tabacum 53.33%,at 10%w/v concentration.Similarly,N.tabacum showed the highest mortality rate,66%at 10%w/v concentration,followed by the A.indica 46%through feeding bioassay.Furthermore,the feeding deterrence assay showed that C.citratus had a high antifeedant index(−50)followed by A.indica(−39),and N.tabacum(−28).In living plant assay,the N.tabacum extract showed a low mean damage score 3.6 on living cotton plant followed by C.citratus 4.5 and A.indica 5.5.Hence,extracts of three plant species provided promising results against the BAW,which can minimize the use of synthetic chemicals,particularly for small landholding farmers.Further studies are also required to evaluate the effects of these plant extract against BAW on cotton plants under field conditions to optimize the further use. | Muhammad Asad Rashad Rasool Khan Ahmed B.Aljuboory Muhammad Haroon URashid Uttam Kumar Inzamam Ul Haq Aqsa Hafeez Ahmed Noureldeen Khadiga Alharbi | 2023 | Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany2023，92，4： | 0 |
| 3 | Response of Contrasting Rice Genotypes to Zinc Sources under Saline Condition显示文摘Abiotic stresses are among the major limiting factors for plant growth and crop productivity.Among these,salinity is one of the major risk factors for plant growth and development in arid to semi-arid regions.Cultivation of salt tolerant crop genotypes is one of the imperative approaches to meet the food demand for increasing population.The current experiment was carried out to access the performance of different rice genotypes under salinity stress and Zinc(Zn)sources.Four rice genotypes were grown in a pot experiment and were exposed to salinity stress(7 dS m^(−1)),and Zn(15 mg kg^(-1)soil)was applied from two sources,ZnSO4 and Zn-EDTA.A control of both salinity and Zn was kept for comparison.Results showed that based on the biomass accumulation and K^(+)/Na^(+)ratio,KSK-133 and BAS-198 emerged as salt tolerant and salt sensitive,respectively.Similarly,based on the Zn concentration,BAS-2000 was reported as Zn-in-efficient while IR-6 was a Zn-efficient genotype.Our results also revealed that plant growth,relative water content(RWC),physiological attributes including chlorophyll contents,ionic concentrations in straw and grains of all rice genotypes were decreased under salinity stress.However,salt tolerant and Zn-in-efficient rice genotypes showed significantly higher shoot K^(+)and Zn concentrations under saline conditions.Zinc application significantly alleviates the harmful effects of salinity by improving morpho-physiological attributes and enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities,and the uptake of K and Zn.The beneficial effect of Zn was more pronounced in salt-tolerant and Zn in-efficient rice genotypes as compared with salt-sensitive and Zn-efficient genotypes.In sum,our results confirmed that Zn application increased overall plant’s performance under saline conditions,particularly in Zn in-efficient and tolerant genotypes as compared with salt-sensitive and Zn efficient rice genotypes. | Muhammad Jan Muhammad Anwar-Ul-Haq Talha Javed Sadam Hussain Ilyas Ahmad Muhammad Ashraf Sumrah Javed Iqbal Babar Hussain Babar Aqsa Hafeez Muhammad Aslam Muhammad Tahir Akbar Marjan Aziz Khadiga Alharbi Izhar Ullah | 2023 | Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany2023，92，5： | 0 |
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