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| 1 | 长期保护性耕种方式对农田表层土壤性质的影响显示文摘研究了不同耕种方式对澳大利亚同一地区3种土壤表层(0-5cm)理化性质的作用,以揭示保护性耕作对土壤质量恢复的影响。结果表明:免耕穴播/保留残茬(DD/SR)、多年生人工草地(PP)和自然草地(NP)表层土壤的〉2mm水稳性团聚体含量、全氮、有机碳含量、田间持水量均显著高于其相应对照传统耕作/秸秆焚烧(CC/SB)、人工草地/作物轮作(PPC)和耕作(CT)的;土壤全氮含量、田间持水量分别与有机碳含量之间有极显著的正相关关系(r=0.994**,r=0.996**,n=6),而受土壤质地等因素的影响较小;在同一类型的土壤上,土壤有机碳含量与水稳定性团聚体含量之间存在显著的相关性;在不同试验区,耕作措施对表层土壤容重和孑L隙分布的影响存在较大差异;秸秆焚烧和施用石膏对表层土壤的pH及交换性阳离子含量有较大的影响。研究表明长期保护性耕作、草田轮作或多年生草地有利于提高表层土壤有机碳含量和结构稳定性,从而改善土壤的供肥供水能力。 | 张国盛 K Y Chan G D Li D P Heenan | 2008 | 生态学报2008，28，6： | 45 |
| 2 | Fecal microbiota transplantation as novel therapy in gastroenterology:A systematic review显示文摘AIM:To study the clinical efficacy and safety of Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT).We systematically reviewed FMT used as clinical therapy.METHODS:We searched MEDLINE,EMBASE,the Cochrane Library and Conference proceedings from inception to July,2013.Treatment effect of FMT was calculated as the percentage of patients who achieved clinical improvement per patient category,on an intention-to-treat basis.RESULTS:We included 45 studies;34 on Clostridium difficile-infection(CDI),7 on inflammatory bowel disease,1 on metabolic syndrome,1 on constipation,1 on pouchitis and 1 on irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).In CDI 90% resolution of diarrhea in 33 case series(n = 867) was reported,and 94% resolution of diarrhea after repeated FMT in a randomized controlled trial(RCT)(n = 16).In ulcerative colitis(UC) remission rates of 0% to 68% were found(n = 106).In Crohn's disease(CD)(n = 6),no benefit was observed.In IBS,70% improvement of symptoms was found(n = 13).100% Reversal of symptoms was observed in constipation(n = 3).In pouchitis,none of the patients(n = 8) achieved remission.One RCT showed significant improvement of insulin sensitivity in metabolic syndrome(n = 10).Serious adverse events were rare.CONCLUSION:FMT is highly effective in CDI,and holds promise in UC.As for CD,chronic constipation,pouchitis and IBS data are too limited to draw conclusions.FMT increases insulin sensitivity in metabolic syndrome. | Noortje G Rossen John K Mac Donald Elisabeth M de Vries Geert R D'Haens Willem M de Vos Erwin G Zoetendal Cyriel Y Ponsioen | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，17： | 41 |
| 3 | 外刊拾贝显示文摘1.根据2018年美国糖尿病学会标准诊断中国糖尿病患病率:全国横断面研究目的:评估糖尿病患病率及其危险因素。设计:基于人群的横断面研究。背景:2015-2017年中国大陆31省份全国横断面数据。调查对象:75880名18周岁及以上代表中国大陆人口的成年人样本。主要观察指标:根据2018年美国糖尿病学会和世界卫生组织标准诊断中国成人不同性别、区域和种族的糖尿病患病率。通过问卷的方式记录调查对象的社会人口学信息、生活方式和疾病史。 | 单忠艳 Li Y Teng D Shi X Ba J 王看然 李启富 Wang K Hu J Yang J | 2020 | 国际内分泌代谢杂志2020，40，5： | 42 |
| 4 | Analysis of the phosphatidylinosit ol 3'-kinase signaling pathway in glioblastoma patients in vivo显示文摘Deregulated signaling through the p hosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)pathway is common in many types of can cer,including glioblastoma.Dissecting the molecular events associated with activation of this pathway in glioblastoma p atients in vivo presents an important challenge that has implic ations for the development and clini cal testing of PI3K pathway inhibito rs.Using an immunohistochemical analysis appl ied to a tissue microarray,we performed hierarchical clustering and mul tidimensional scaling,as well as univariate and multivariate analyses,to dissect the PI3K pathway in v ivo.We demonstrate that loss of the t umor suppressor protein PTEN,which antagonizes PI3K pathwa y activation,is highly correlated w ith activation of the main PI3K effec tor Akt in vivo.We also show that Akt activation is signific antly correlated with phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),the family of forkhead transcription factors(FOXO1,FOXO3a,and FOXO4),and S6,which are thought to promote its effects.Expression of the mutan t epidermal growth factor receptor vIII is also tightly correlated with phosphorylation of these effectors,d emonstrating an additional route to PI3K pathway activation in glioblastomas in vivo.These results provide the first dissection of the PI3K path way in glioblastoma in vivo and suggest an approach to stratifying patients for targeted kinase inhi bitor | Choe G Horvath S Cloughesy TF Crosby K Seligson D Palotie A Inge L Smith BL Sawyers CL Mischel PS | 2003 | 癌症2003，22，7： | 41 |
| 5 | Dextran sodium sulfate colitis murine model: An indispensable tool for advancing our understanding of inflammatory bowel diseases pathogenesis显示文摘Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD),including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis,are complex diseases that result from the chronic dysregulated immune response in the gastrointestinal tract. The exact etiology is not fully understood,but it is accepted that it occurs when an inappropriate aggressive inflammatory respon-se in a genetically susceptible host due to inciting environmental factors occurs. To investigate the path-ogenesis and etiology of human IBD,various animal models of IBD have been developed that provided indispensable insights into the histopathological and morphological changes as well as factors associated with the pathogenesis of IBD and evaluation of therapeutic options in the last few decades. The most widely used experimental model employs dextran sodium sulfate(DSS) to induce epithelial damage. The DSS colitis model in IBD research has advantages over other various chemically induced experimental models due to its rapidity,simplicity,reproducibility and controllability. In this manuscript,we review the newer publicized advances of research in murine colitis models that focus upon the disruption of the barrier function of the intestine,effects of mucin on the development of colitis,alterations found in microbial balance and resultant changes in the metabolome specifically in the DSS colitis murine model and its relation to the pathogenesis of IBD. | Derrick D Eichele Kusum K Kharbanda | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，33： | 50 |
| 6 | Gastrointestinal radiation injury:Symptoms,risk factors and mechanisms显示文摘Ionising radiation therapy is a common treatment modality for different types of cancer and its use is expected to increase with advances in screening and early detection of cancer.Radiation injury to the gastrointestinal tract is important factor working against better utility of this important therapeutic modality.Cancer survivors can suffer a wide variety of acute and chronic symptoms following radiotherapy,which significantly reduces their quality of life as well as adding an extra burden to the cost of health care.The accurate diagnosis and treatment of intestinal radiation injury often represents a clinical challenge to practicing physicians in both gastroenterology and oncology.Despite the growing recognition of the problem and some advances in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of radiation injury,relatively little is known about the pathophysiology of gastrointestinal radiation injury or any possible susceptibility factors that could aggravate its severity.The aims of this review are to examine the various clinical manifestations of post-radiation gastrointestinal symptoms,to discuss possible patient and treatment factors implicated in normal gastrointestinal tissue radiosensitivity and to outline different mechanisms of intestinal tissue injury. | Abobakr K Shadad Frank J Sullivan Joseph D Martin Laurence J Egan | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，2： | 35 |
| 7 | Gastrointestinal radiation injury:Prevention and treatment显示文摘With the recent advances in detection and treatment of cancer,there is an increasing emphasis on the efficacy and safety aspects of cancer therapy.Radiation therapy is a common treatment for a wide variety of cancers,either alone or in combination with other treatments.Ionising radiation injury to the gastrointestinal tract is a frequent side effect of radiation therapy and a considerable proportion of patients suffer acute or chronic gastrointestinal symptoms as a result.These side effects often cause morbidity and may in some cases lower the efficacy of radiotherapy treatment.Radiation injury to the gastrointestinal tract can be minimised by either of two strategies:technical strategies which aim to physically shift radiation dose away from the normal intestinal tissues,and biological strategies which aim to modulate the normal tissue response to ionising radiation or to increase its resistance to it.Although considerable improvement in the safety of radiotherapy treatment has been achieved through the use of modern optimised planning and delivery techniques,biological techniques may offer additional further promise.Different agents have been used to prevent or minimize the severity of gastrointestinal injury induced by ionising radiation exposure,including biological,chemical and pharmacological agents.In this review we aim to discuss various technical strategies to prevent gastrointestinal injury during cancer radiotherapy,examine the different therapeutic options for acute and chronic gastrointestinal radiation injury and outline some examples of research directions and considerations for prevention at a pre-clinical level. | Abobakr K Shadad Frank J Sullivan Joseph D Martin Laurence J Egan | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，2： | 32 |
| 8 | 最新AD研究用诊断标准:IWG-2标准显示文摘在过去的8年中,国际工作组织(IWG)和美国国立老化研究院-阿尔茨海默协会(NIA-AA)建立了阿尔茨海默病(AD)诊断标准,它能更好地定义AD的临床表型,整合了生物标记物于诊断流程中,并覆盖了疾病的全程。本意见书充分地权衡了IWG标准的优缺点,建议改进诊断框架。依据这些改进,AD的诊断变得简单,只要有恰当的AD临床表型(典型或不典型)和与AD的病理相一致的病理生理学生物标志物出现。我们认为疾病的下游的定位性生物标志,如容积性磁共振成像(MRI)和氟脱氧葡萄糖-正电子发射型计算机断层成像(FDG-PET)等,适合更好地测量和监测疾病过程。本文还详述了非典型性AD、混合性AD和AD临床前期的特异诊断标准。 | 陈刚 曹雯炜 俞羚 糜建华 Dubois B Feldman HH Jacova C Hampel H Molinuevo JL Blennow K DeK osky ST Gauthier S Selkoe D Bateman R Cappa S Crutch S Engelborghs S Frisoni GB Fox NC Galasko D Habert MO Jicha GA Nordberg A Pasquier F Rabinovici G Robert P Rowe C Salloway S Sarazin M Epelbaum S de Souza LC Vellas B Visser PJ Schneider L Stern Y Scheltens P Cummings JL | 2014 | 神经病学与神经康复学杂志2014，11，3： | 31 |
| 9 | Association of PINK1 and DJ-1 confers digenic inheritance of early-onset Parkinson's disease显示文摘 | Tang B Xiong H Sun P Zhang Y Wang D Hu Z Zhu Z Ma H Pan Q Xia JH Xia K Zhang Z | 2006 | 中国生物学文摘2006，20，8： | 30 |
| 10 | 急性缺血性卒中的血管内治疗:神经介入外科学学会实践标准委员会的报告显示文摘目的总结采用血管内技术治疗急性缺血性卒中的有关证据并等级分类。方法对美国心脏协会(American Heart Association,AHA)以前发表的推荐意见进行审查并作为当前流程的基础。在此这基础上,进行系统的文献回顾以评估支持急性缺血性卒中血管内治疗的证据。根据AHA卒中委员会和牛津大学循证医学中心提出的循证医学证据分级指南进行评估。对操作安全性、技术效果以及对临床转归的影响进行特别审核。 | K A Blackham P M Meyers T A Abruzzo F C Alberquerque D Fiorella J Fraser D Frei C D Gandhi D V Heck J A Hirsch D P Hsu M Jayaraman S Narayanan C Prestigiacomo J L Sunshine 包元飞(译) 李永坤(译) 刘新峰(译) | 2012 | 国际脑血管病杂志2012，20，12： | 28 |
| 11 | Colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease:What is the real magnitude of the risk?显示文摘The association between inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) and colorectal cancer(CRC) has been recognised since 1925 and still accounts for 10%-15% of deaths in IBD.IBD-associated CRC(IBD-CRC) affects patients at a younger age than sporadic CRC.The prognosis for sporadic CRC and IBD-CRC is similar,with a 5-year survival of approximately 50%.Identifying at risk patients and implementing appropriate surveillance for these patients is central to managing the CRC risk in IBD.The increased risk of colorectal cancer in association with IBD is thought to be due to genetic and acquired factors.The link between inflammation and cancer is well recognised but the molecular biology,immune pathobiology and genetics of IBD-CRC are areas of much ongoing research.This review examines the literature relating to IBD-CRC,focusing on the incidence of IBD-CRC and examining potential risk factors including age at diagnosis,gender,duration and extent of colitis,severity of inflammation,family history of sporadic CRC and co-existent primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC).Confirmed risk factors for IBD-CRC are duration,severity and extent of colitis,the presence of co-existent PSC and a family history of CRC.There is insufficient evidence currently to support an increased frequency of surveillance for patients diagnosed with IBD at a younger age.Evidence-based guidelines advise surveillance colonoscopy for patients with colitis 8 to 10 years after diagnosis,with the interval for further surveillance guided by risk factors(extent of disease,family history of CRC,post-inflammatory polyps,concomitant PSC,personal history of colonic dysplasia,colonic strictures).There is a move away from using random colonic biopsies towards targeted biopsies aimed at abnormal areas identified by newer colonoscopic techniques(narrow band imaging,chromoendoscopy,confocal microendoscopy). | Jessica K Dyson Matthew D Rutter | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，29： | 22 |
| 12 | Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2(VEGFR-2) plays a key role in vasculogenic mimicry formation,neovascularization and tumor initiation by Glioma stem-like cells显示文摘Human glioblastomas(GBM)are thought to be initiated by glioma stem-like cells(GSLCs).GSLCs also participate in tumor neovascularization by transdifferentiating into vascular endothelial cells.Here,we report a critical role of GSLCs in the formation of vasculogenic mimicry(VM),which defines channels lined by tumor cells to supply nutrients to early growing tumors and | Yao X Ping Y Liu Y Chen K Yoshimura T Liu M Gong W Chen C Niu Q Guo D Zhang X Wang JM Bian X | 2013 | 中国神经肿瘤杂志2013，11，3： | 23 |
| 13 | 世界卫生组织(WHO)造血与淋巴组织肿瘤分类方案:临床顾问委员会会议报告显示文摘引言 :从 1995年开始 ,欧洲病理学工作者协会和血液病理学会一直致力于制定一个新的世界卫生组织 (WHO)血液恶性肿瘤分类方案 ,该分类方案包括淋巴系肿瘤、髓系肿瘤、组织细胞肿瘤和肥大细胞肿瘤。 材料与方法 :此项 WHO计划共组成十个病理学工作者委员会 ,负责确定病种和作出定义。另外还成立一个由国际血液学家和肿瘤学家组成的临床顾问委员会 (CAC)以保证该分类的临床实用性。 1997年 11月召开会议讨论了与该分类有关的临床问题。 结果 :WHO采纳了 1994年国际淋巴瘤研究组 (IL SG)报告的修订欧美淋巴系肿瘤分类 (REAL)方案作为淋巴系肿瘤的分类方案。该方案的分类方法遵循以下原则 :分类应是联合应用形态学、免疫表型、遗传特征及临床特征能够清楚界定的“真实存在”(“real”)病种的名录 ,上述各项特征的相对重要性因病种不同而异 ,不存在任何“金标准”。 WHO将 REAL分类原则延用于髓系肿瘤和组织细胞肿瘤 ,髓系肿瘤的分类包括联合应用细胞形态学和细胞遗传学异常能够界定的各个病种。围绕一系列临床问题召集的这次 CAC会议 ,就提交的大多数问题达成共识 ,这些问题及共识将详述于下。对于另外一些问题 ,CAC认为淋巴系肿瘤临床分组既无必要也不必需 ,患者的治疗取决于淋巴瘤的具体类型 ,如有? | N L Harris E S Jaffe J Diebold G Flandrin H K Muller-Hermelink J Vardiman T A Lister C D Bloomfield 张凤奎 郝玉书 | 2001 | 白血病.淋巴瘤2001，10，3： | 20 |
| 14 | Generalized megaviscera of lupus:Refractory intestinal pseudo-obstruction,ureterohydronephrosis and megacholedochus显示文摘Dilated dysfunction involving multiple visceral organs has been reported in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction(CIPO) resulting from intestinal smooth muscle damage has presented in conjunction with ureterohydronephrosis and, more rarely, biliary dilatation(megacholedochus).While the molecular pathogenesis is largely unknown, observed histo-pathologic features include widespread myositis, myocyte necrosis in the intestinal muscularis propria with subsequent atrophy and fibrosis, preserved myenteric innervations and little vasculitis.High dose immunosuppression usually results in resolution of symptoms with recovery of smooth muscle function, indicative of an autoimmune etiology.We report a patient with SLE who presented with intestinal pseudo-obstruction, ureterohydronephrosis and megacholedochus, and present images that illustrate megaviscera simultaneously involving all 3 visceral organs.Since the co-manifestation of all 3 is unusual and has been reported only once previously, wehave termed this rare clinical syndrome generalized megaviscera of lupus(GML).Although the SLE disease-activity parameters responded to aggressive immunomodulative therapy in our patient, clinical evidence of peristaltic dysfunction persisted in all involved viscera.This is a variation from the favorable outcomes reported previously in SLE patients with GML and we attribute this poor clinical outcome to disease severity and, most importantly, delayed clinical presentation.Since inflammation followed by atrophy and fibrosis are key aspects in the pathogenesis and natural history of GML, the poor response in our patient who presented late in the clinical course may be the result of ‘burnt out' inflammation with irreversible end-stage flbrosis.Thus, early recognition and timely initiation of treatment may be the key to recover visceral peristaltic function in patients with GML. | Frederick D Park Jeffrey K Lee Ganga D Madduri Pradipta Ghosh | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，28： | 20 |
| 15 | Yes相关蛋白通过肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子6控制内皮活化和血管炎症显示文摘继发于异常的内皮激活的微血管炎症和内皮功能障碍在败血症和器官衰竭的病理生理学中起关键作用。抑制内皮细胞过度活化的内在信号传导机制尚未完全明了。该研究旨在确定Yes相关蛋白(Yes-associated protein,YAP)(Hippo通路的主要转录共激活剂)在调节内皮活化和血管炎症的强度和程度中的中心作用。 | 刘青 叶鹏 Lv Y Kim K Sheng Y Cho J Qain Z Zhao YY Hu G Pan D Malik AB | 2018 | 中华高血压杂志2018，26，8： | 20 |
| 16 | 接受治疗的老年高血压患者的血压、抗高血压药物应用、衰弱指标与严重摔伤风险的关系显示文摘一些研究表明,降压药物、低收缩压和舒张压与跌倒风险增加相关。许多老年人表现出衰弱的指征,这可能会增加跌倒的风险。该研究纳入脑卒中地区和种族差异原因(the reasons for geographic and racial differences in stroke,REGARDS)研究中年龄≥65岁的受试者5236例,探索收缩压、舒张压、抗高血压药物类别数量以及衰弱指标与严重跌倒损伤风险的关系, | 刘莉 叶鹏 Bromfield SG Ngameni CA Colantonio LD Bowling CB Shimbo D Reynolds K Safford MM Banach M Toth PP Muntner P | 2017 | 中华高血压杂志2017，25，8： | 19 |
| 17 | 血管性认知障碍的诊断标准:国际血管性行为与认知障碍学会的申明显示文摘长期以来,脑血管病(CVD)就被认为是认知损害的一个重要原因,但是有关脑血管病后认知障碍的概念化却有着一段多变的历史。'动脉变硬'或脑的动脉粥样硬化是'老化'的原因,是存在已久的观点,在20世纪60年代受到了来自英格兰纽卡斯尔的神经病理学研究的质疑。这些研究表明,血管性痴呆(vascular dementia,Va D)与超过一定程度的多发性脑梗死有关。 | 徐岩 郭起浩 Sachdev P Kalaria R O'Brien J Skoog I Alladi S Black SE Blacker D Blazer DG Chen C Chui H Ganguli M Jellinger K Jeste DV Pasquier F Paulsen J Prins N Rockwood K Roman G Scheltens P | 2014 | 神经病学与神经康复学杂志2014，11，3： | 19 |
| 18 | Coordinated peak expression of MMP-26 and TIMP-4 in preinvasive human prostate tumor显示文摘因为早察觉和治疗为病人的医药管理是批评的,为早前列腺癌症诊断的新奇简历标记的鉴定是高度重要的。在基础房间层和地下室膜的连续性的混乱为高级职业人员静电干扰 intraepithelial 瘤形成(HGPIN ) 的前进是必要的到在人的前列腺的侵略腺癌。涉及变换到侵略显型的分子是强烈审查的题目。我们以前报导了矩阵 metalloproteinase-26 (MMP-26 ) 经由地下室膜蛋白质并且由激活 MMP-9 的酶原形式的劈开支持人的前列腺癌症房间的侵略。而且,我们发现了 metalloproteinases-4 (TIMP-4 ) 的那个织物禁止者是大多数有势力 MMP-26 的内长的禁止者。这里,我们更高示威(p<0.0001 ) 在 HGPIN 和癌症的 MMP-26 和 TIMP-4 表示,与非肿瘤的 acini 相比。他们的表示层次在 HGPIN 是最高的,但是在一样的纸巾在侵略癌症(为各个的 p<0.001 ) 衰退。连续前列腺癌症织物节染色的 Immunohistochemical 建议 MMP-26 和 TIMP-4 的 colocalization。现在的学习显示 MMP-26 和 TIMP-4 可以在 HGPIN 的变换期间起一个不可分的作用到侵略癌症并且可以也为早前列腺癌症诊断用作标记。房间研究(2006 ) 16:750-758。做 i:10.1038/sj .cr.7310089;出版联机 2006 年 8 月 29 日。 | Seakwoo Lee Kevin K Desai Kenneth A Iczkowski Robert G Newcomer Kevin J WU Yun-Ge Zhao Winston W Tan Mark D Roycik Qing-Xiang Amy Sang | 2006 | Cell Research2006，16，9： | 18 |
| 19 | Long acting octreotide in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular cancer and overexpression of somatostatin receptors: Randomized placebo-controlled trial显示文摘AIM: To estimate if and to what extent long acting octreotide (LAR) improves survival and quality of life in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: A total of 127 cirrhotics, stages A-B, due to chronic viral infections and with advanced HCC, were enrolled in the study. Scintigraphy with 111Indium labeled octreotide was performed in all cases. The patients with increased accumulation of radionuclear compound were randomized to receive either oral placebo only or octreotide/octreotide LAR only as follows: octreotide 0.5mg s.c. every 8 h for 6 wk, at the end of wk 4-8 octreotide LAR 20 mg i.m. and at the end of wk 12 and every 4 wk octreotide LAR 30mg i.m.. Follow-up was worked out monthly as well as the estimation of quality of life (QLQ-C30 questionnaire). Patients with negative somatostatin receptors (SSTR) detection were followed up in the same manner. RESULTS: Scintigraphy demonstrated SSTR in 61 patients. Thirty were randomized to receive only placebo and 31 only octreotide. A significantly higher survival time was observed for the octreotide group (49 ± 6 wk) as compared to the control group (28 ± 1 wk) and to the SSTR negative group (28 ± 2 wk), LR = 20.39, df = 2, P < 0.01. The octreotide group presented 68.5% lower hazard ratio [95% CI (47.4%-81.2%)]. During the f irst year, a 22%, 39% and 43% decrease in the QLQ-C30 score was observed in each group respectively.CONCLUSION: The proposed therapeutic approach has shown to improve the survival and quality of life in SSTR positive patients with advanced HCC. | D Dimitroulopoulos D Xinopoulos K Tsamakidis A Zisimopoulos E Andriotis D Panagiotakos A Fotopoulou C Chrysohoou A Bazinis D Daskalopoulou E Paraskevas | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，23： | 18 |
| 20 | Novel concepts in radiation-induced cardiovascular disease显示文摘Radiation-induced cardiovascular disease(RICVD) is the most common nonmalignant cause of morbidity and mortality among cancer survivors who have undergone mediastinal radiation therapy(RT).Cardiovascular complications include effusive or constrictive pericarditis,cardiomyopathy,valvular heart disease,and coronary/vascular disease.These are pathophysiologically distinct disease entities whose prevalence varies depending on the timing and extent of radiation exposure to the heart and great vessels.Although refinements in RT dosimetry and shielding will inevitably limit future cases of RICVD,the increasing number of long-term cancer survivors,including those treated with older higher-dose RT regimens,will ensure a steady flow of afflicted patients for the foreseeable future.Thus,there is a pressing need for enhanced understanding of the disease mechanisms,and improved detection methods and treatment strategies.Newly characterized mechanisms responsible for the establishment of chronic fibrosis,such as oxidative stress,inflammation and epigenetic modifications,are discussed and linked to potential treatments currently under study.Novel imaging modalities may serve as powerful screening tools in RICVD,and recent research and expert opinion advocating their use is introduced.Data arguing for the aggressive use of percutaneous interventions,such as transcutaneous valve replacement and drug-eluting stents,are examined and considered in the context of prior therapeutic approaches.RICVD and its treatment options are the subject of a rich and dynamic body of research,and patients who are at risk or suffering from this disease will benefit from the care of physicians with specialty expertise in the emerging field of cardiooncology. | Jason R Cuomo Gyanendra K Sharma Preston D Conger Neal L Weintraub | 2016 | World Journal of Cardiology2016，8，9： | 17 |
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