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| 1 | Global dispersal and diversification of the genus Schoenus (Cyperaceae) from the Western Australian biodiversity hotspot显示文摘The predominantly austral genus Schoenus L.is the largest genus in tribe Schoeneae and one of the ten most species-rich Cyperaceae genera,with over 150 accepted species found mostly in Australia,New Zealand,southeast Asia,and southern Africa.Here,we use data based on two nuclear and three plastid DNA regions to present one of the most comprehensive phylogenetic reconstructions of a genus in Cyperaceae to date,covering over 70%of described species of Schoenus.After recent taxonomic realignments in the last 4 years have both added and removed species from the genus,we show that Schoenus is now monophyletic.In addition,our results indicate that Schoenus originated in Western Australia in the Paleocene and eventually dispersed to surrounding continents,but rarely back.The diversification rate of the genus appears to have slightly decreased over time,and there has not been an increase associated with the establishment of the Cape clade endemic to the sclerophyllous fynbos vegetation type,such as has been reported in other plant lineages endemic to the Cape region.These results will serve as a template to understanding the complex patterns of genome size evolution and to untangle drivers of diversification in this genus. | Tammy L.Elliott Ruan van Mazijk Russell L.Barrett Jeremy J.Bruhl Simon Joly Ngalirendwe Muthaphuli Karen L.Wilson A.Muthama Muasya | 2021 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2021，59，4： | 2 |
| 2 | A new classification of Cyperaceae (Poales) supported by phylogenomic data显示文摘Cyperaceae(sedges)are the third largest monocot family and are of considerable economic and ecological importance.Sedges represent an ideal model family to study evolutionary biology due to their species richness,global distribution,large discrepancies in lineage diversity,broad range of ecological preferences,and adaptations including multiple origins of C4 photosynthesis and holocentric chromosomes.Goetghebeur′s seminal work on Cyperaceae published in 1998 provided the most recent complete classification at tribal and generic level,based on a morphological study of Cyperaceae inflorescence,spikelet,flower,and embryo characters,plus anatomical and other information.Since then,several family-level molecular phylogenetic studies using Sanger sequence data have been published.Here,more than 20 years after the last comprehensive classification of the family,we present the first family-wide phylogenomic study of Cyperaceae based on targeted sequencing using the Angiosperms353 probe kit sampling 311 accessions.In addition,62 accessions available from GenBank were mined for overlapping reads and included in the phylogenomic analyses.Informed by this backbone phylogeny,a new classification for the family at the tribal,subtribal,and generic levels is proposed.The majority of previously recognized suprageneric groups are supported,and for the first time,we establish support for tribe Cryptangieae as a clade including the genus Koyamaea.We provide a taxonomic treatment including identification keys and diagnoses for the 2 subfamilies,24 tribes,and 10 subtribes,and basic information on the 95 genera.The classification includes five new subtribes in tribe Schoeneae:Anthelepidinae,Caustiinae,Gymnoschoeninae,Lepidospermatinae,and Oreobolinae. | Isabel Larridon Alexandre R.Zuntini Étienne Léveillé-Bourret Russell L.Barrett Julian R.Starr AMuthama Muasya Tamara Villaverde Kenneth Bauters Grace E.Brewer Jeremy J.Bruhl Suzana M.Costa Tammy L.Elliott Niroshini Epitawalage Marcial Escudero Isabel Fairlie Paul Goetghebeur Andrew LHipp Pedro Jiménez-Mejías Izai ABSabino Kikuchi Modesto Luceño JoséIgnacio Márquez-Corro Santiago Martín-Bravo Olivier Maurin Lisa Pokorny Eric HRoalson Ilias Semmouri David A.Simpson Daniel Spalink WWayt Thomas Karen L.Wilson Martin Xanthos Félix Forest William J.Baker | 2021 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2021，59，4： | 1 |
| 3 | A global review of the ecological significance of symbiotic associations between birds and fungi显示文摘Symbiotic associations between mammals and fungi have been well documented and are widely regarded as vital to ecosystem functions around the world.Symbioses between birds and fungi are also ecologically vital but have been far less thoroughly studied.This manuscript is the first to review a wide range of symbiotic associations between birds and fungi.We compile the largest list to date of bird species reported to eat fungi(54 bird species in 27 families)and follow up with a discussion of these symbioses and suggestions for how future studies can determine the prevalence of associations between birds and fungi.We review the importance of fungi for cavity-excavating birds and show that at least 30 bird species in three families form varying levels of associations with fungi for cavity excavation.We also review the use of fungal rhizomorphs in nest construction and show that 176 bird species in 37 families use fungal material in their nests.All of these interactions have wide-reaching ecosystem implications,particularly in regard to fungal dispersal and biogeography,plant health,ecosystem function,bird nutrition/fitness and bird behaviour. | Todd F.Elliott Michelle A.Jusino James M.Trappe Heino Lepp Guy-Anthony Ballard Jeremy J.Bruhl Karl Vernes | 2019 | Fungal Diversity2019，，5： | 0 |
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