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| 1 | The wonders of BMP9:From mesenchymal stem cell differentiation,angiogenesis,neurogenesis,tumorigenesis,and metabolism to regenerative medicine显示文摘Although bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs)initially showed effective induction of ectopic bone growth in muscle,it has since been determined that these proteins,as members of the TGF-b superfamily,play a diverse and critical array of biological roles.These roles include regulating skeletal and bone formation,angiogenesis,and development and homeostasis of multiple organ systems.Disruptions of the members of the TGF-b/BMP superfamily result in severe skeletal and extra-skeletal irregularities,suggesting high therapeutic potential from understanding this family of BMP proteins.Although it was once one of the least characterized BMPs,BMP9 has revealed itself to have the highest osteogenic potential across numerous experiments both in vitro and in vivo,with recent studies suggesting that the exceptional potency of BMP9 may result from unique signaling pathways that differentiate it from other BMPs.The effectiveness of BMP9 in inducing bone formation was recently revealed in promising experiments that demonstrated efficacy in the repair of critical sized cranial defects as well as compatibility with bone-inducing bio-implants,revealing the great translational promise of BMP9.Furthermore,emerging evidence indicates that,besides its osteogenic activity,BMP9 exerts a broad range of biological functions,including stem cell differentiation,angiogenesis,neurogenesis,tumorigenesis,and metabolism.This review aims to summarize our current understanding of BMP9 across biology and the body. | Sami Mostafa Mikhail Pakvasa Elam Coalson Allen Zhu Alex Alverdy Hector Castillo Jiaming Fan Alex Li Yixiao Feng Di Wu Elliott Bishop Scott Du Mia Spezia Alissa Li Ofir Hagag Alison Deng Winny Liu Mingyang Li Sherwin S·Ho Aravind Athiviraham Michael J·Lee Jennifer Moriatis Wolf Guillermo A·Ameer Hue H·Luu Rex C·Haydon Jason Strelzow Kelly Hynes Tong-Chuan He Russell R·Reid | 2019 | Genes & Diseases2019，6，3： | 15 |
| 2 | 4-1BB signaling activates glucose and fatty acid metabolism to enhance CD8^(+) T cell proliferation显示文摘4-1BB(CD137)is a strong enhancer of the proliferation of CD8^(+)T cells.Since these cells require increased production of energy and biomass to support their proliferation,we hypothesized that 4-1BB signaling activated glucose and fatty acid metabolism.We found that treatment with agonistic anti-4-1BB mAb promoted the proliferation of CD8^(+)T cells in vitro,increasing their size and granularity.Studies with a glycolysis inhibitor and a fatty acid oxidation inhibitor revealed that CD8^(+)T cell proliferation required both glucose and fatty acid metabolism.Anti-4-1BB treatment increased glucose transporter 1 expression and activated the liver kinase B1(LKB1)-AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)-acetyl-CoA carboxylase(ACC)signaling pathway,which may be responsible for activating the metabolism of glucose and fatty acids.We also examined whether blocking glucose or fatty acid metabolism affected cell cycle progression and the anti-apoptotic effect of 4-1BB signaling.The increase of anti-apoptotic factors and cyclins in response to anti-4-1BB treatment was completely prevented by treating CD8^(+)T cells with the fatty acid oxidation inhibitor,etomoxir,but not with the glycolysis inhibitor,2-deoxy-D-glucose.We conclude that anti-4-1BB treatment activates glucose and fatty acid metabolism thus supporting the increased demand for energy and biomass,and that fatty acid metabolism plays a crucial role in enhancing the cell cycle progression of anti-CD3-activated CD8^(+)T cells in vitro and the anti-apoptotic effects of 4-1BB signaling on these cells. | Beom K Choi Do Y Lee Don G Lee Young H Kim Seon-Hee Kim Ho S Oh Chungyong Han Byoung S Kwon | 2017 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2017，14，9： | 6 |
| 3 | Characteristics of carbonaceous aerosol in Pearl River Delta Region, China during 2001 winter period 显示文摘 | CAO J J LEE S C HO K F | 2003 | Atmos Environ2003，37，： | 1 |
| 4 | Cognitive Profilingand Preliminary Subtyping in Chinese Developmental Dys-lexia显示文摘 | HO C S CHAN D W LEE S H etal | 2004 | Cognition2004，91，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Characterization of selected volatile organic compounds, polycyclie aromatic hydrocarbons and earbonyl compounds at a roadside monitoring station 显示文摘 | HO K F LEE S C GLORIA M Y | 2002 | Atmos Environ2002，36，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Antibacterial activity of chitosans and chitosan oligomers with different molecular weights显示文摘 | No H K Young Park N Ho Lee S Meyers S P | 2002 | International Journal of Food Microbiology2002，74，12： | 1 |
| 7 | Positive sampling artifacts in particulate organic carbon measurements in roadside environment显示文摘 | CHENG Y LEE S C HO K F | 2010 | Environmental Monitoring and Assessment2010，168，1234： | 1 |
| 8 | Scaling characteristics in the Taiwan stock market显示文摘 | Ho D S Lee C K | 2003 | Physica A2003，332，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Term structure movement and pricing interest rate contingent claims显示文摘 | Ho T S Y Lee S B | 1986 | Journal of Finance1986，41，5： | 1 |
| 10 | Characteristics of carbonaceous aerosol in Pearl River Delta Region, China during 2001 winter period 显示文摘 | Cao J Lee S Ho K | 2003 | Atmospheric Environment2003，37，： | 1 |
| 11 | Implications of nursing care in the occurrence and consequences of unplanned ectubation in adult ICUs显示文摘 | Yeh S Lee L Ho T | 2004 | Int J NursStud2004，41，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Carbonaceous characteristics of atmospheric particulate matter in Hong Kong显示文摘 | HO K F LEE S C YU J M C | 2002 | The Science of the Total Environment2002，300，： | 1 |
| 13 | Term structure movements and pricing interest rate contingent claims显示文摘 | Ho T S Y Lee S B | 1986 | Journal of Finance1986，5，： | 1 |
| 14 | Low-temperature Hydrothermal Synthesis of S-doped TiO2 with Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity显示文摘 | Ho W K Yu J C Lee S C | 2006 | Journal of Solid State Chemistry2006，179，： | 1 |
| 15 | Low-temperature hydrothermal synthesis of S-doped TiO2 with visible light photocatalytic activity 显示文摘 | HO W K YU J C LEE S C | 2006 | J Solid State Chem2006，179，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Implications of nursing care in the occurrence and consequences of unplanned extubation in adult intensive care units显示文摘 | Yeh S H Lee L N Ho T H | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 17 | Protective effects of aucubinisolated from Eucommia ulmoides against UVB - induced oxida-tive stress in human skin fibroblasts 显示文摘 | Ho J N Lee Y H Park J S | 2005 | Biol Pharm Bull2005，28，： | 1 |
| 18 | Three-dimensional finite element analysis of the effects of posts on stress distribution in dentin显示文摘 | Ho M H Lee S Y Chen H H | 1994 | Journal Prosthet Dent1994，72，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Characteristics of carbonaceous aerosol in Pearl River delta region, China during 2001 winter period 显示文摘 | Cao J Lee S C Ho K F | 2003 | Atmospheric Environment2003，37，： | 1 |
| 20 | Content-based event retrieval using semantic scene interpretation for automated traffic surveillance显示文摘 | Jung Y K Lee K W Ho Y S | 2001 | IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems2001，2，3： | 1 |
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