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| 1 | Quality monitoring in colonoscopy: Time to act显示文摘Colonoscopy is the gold standard test for colorectal cancer screening. The primary advantage of colonoscopy as opposed to other screening modalities is the ability to provide therapy by removal of precancerous lesions at the time of detection. However, colonoscopy may miss clinically important neoplastic polyps. The value of colonoscopy in reducing incidence of colorectal cancer is dependent on many factors including, the patient, provider, and facility level. A high quality examination includes adequate bowel preparation, optimal colonoscopy technique, meticulous inspection during withdrawal, identification of subtle flat lesions, and complete polypectomy. Considerable variation among institutions and endoscopists has been reported in the literature. In attempt to diminish this disparity, various approaches have been advocated to improve the quality of colonoscopy. The overall impact of these interventions is not yet well defined. Implementing optimal education and training and subsequently analyzing the impact of these endeavors in improvement of quality will be essential to augment the utility of colonoscopy for the prevention of colorectal cancer. | Mary A Atia Francisco C Ramirez Suryakanth R Gurudu | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，4： | 3 |
| 2 | Endoscopic resection of an ampullary carcinoid presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding:A case report and review of the literature显示文摘Ampullary carcinoid is a rare tumor that can present with gastrointestinal bleeding, obstructive jaundice or pancreatitis. Some of these tumors are associated with Von Recklinghausen disease. The usual surgical options are a biliary-enteric anastomosis, Whipple procedure or rarely a local resection. The mean survival does not appear to be much different after a pancreaticoduodenectomy versus local surgical excision. We report a very rare case of a non-metastatic ampullary carcinoid causing upper gastrointestinal bleeding, which was managed by endoscopic ampullectomy. | Nooman Gilani Francisco C Ramirez | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，8： | 3 |
| 3 | Prevalence of Barrett's esophagus in patients with moderate to severe erosive esophagitis显示文摘AIM: To investigate the proportion of patients with moderate-severe erosive esophagitis (EE) who will have Barrett's esophagus (BE) after healing of inflammation. METHODS: Patients with EE of Los Angeles (LA) class B, C and D who underwent follow-up endoscopy documenting complete mucosal healing. RESULTS: A total of 86/169 patients were suspected of having BE (38 before healing and 48 after healing of EE) and, 46/86 eventually had the histological confirmation. At index esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (EGD), BE was suspected in 38/169 (22%), and ultimately, histologically confirmed in 20 of these. In 11 patients where biopsies were performed in the presence of inflammation, BE was detected in 2 and missed in 5 (including 2 dysplasias). In 131/169 patients (77.5%), BE was not suspected at index EGD. After healing of EE though, 48 patients had suspicion of BE who underwent biopsies, and in 26 of these histology was positive for BE. The length of inflammation had a linear correlation with the length of BE (P = 0.01). Out of multiple variables to predict BE, only the suspicion at index endoscopy was statistically significant (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: BE was seen in 46/169 (27%) patients with EE of LA class B, C and D. The length of EE can predict the length of underlying BE segment.Even when suspected, BE and associated dysplasia can be missed in the presence of inflammation; therefore, repeat evaluation should be considered after complete healing of esophagitis. | Nooman Gilani Richard D Gerkin Francisco C Ramirez Shahina Hakim Adam C Randolph | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，22： | 2 |
| 4 | Polyp detection rates using magnification with narrow band imaging and white light显示文摘AIM: To compare the yield of adenomas between narrow band imaging and white light when using high definition/magnification. METHODS: This prospective, non-randomized comparative study was performed at the endoscopy unit of veteran affairs medical center in Phoenix, Arizona. Consecutive patients undergoing first average risk colorectal cancer screening colonoscopy were selected. Two experienced gastroenterologists performed all the procedures that were blinded to each other's findings. Demographic details were recorded. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Proportional data were compared using the χ2 test and means were compared using the Student's t test. Tandem colonoscopy was performed in a sequential and segmental fashion using one of 3 strategies: white light followed by narrow band imaging [Group A: white light(WL) → narrow band imaging(NBI)]; narrow band imaging followed by white light(Group B: NBI → WL) and, white light followed by white light(Group C: WL → WL). Detection rate of missed polyps and adenomas were evaluated in all three groups. RESULTS: Three hundred patients were studied(100 in each Group). Although the total time for the colonoscopy was similar in the 3 groups(23.8 ± 0.7, 22.2 ± 0.5 and 24.1 ± 0.7 min for Groups A, B and C, respectively), it reached statistical significance between Groups B and C(P < 0.05). The cecal intubation time in Groups B and C was longer than for Group A(6.5 ± 0.4 min and 6.5 ± 0.4 min vs 4.9 ± 0.3 min; P < 0.05). The withdrawal time for Groups A and C was longer than Group B(18.9 ± 0.7 min and 17.6 ± 0.6min vs 15.7 ± 0.4 min; P < 0.05). Overall miss rate for polyps and adenomas detected in three groups during the second look was 18% and 17%, respectively(P = NS). Detection rate for polyps and adenomas after first look with white light was similar irrespective of the light used during the second look(WL → WL: 13.7% for polyps, 12.6% for adenomas; WL → NBI: 14.2% for polyps, 11.3% for adenomas). Miss rate of polyps and adenomas however was significantly higher when NBI was used first(29.3% and 30.3%, respectively; P < 0.05). Most missed adenomas were ≤ 5 mm in size. There was only one advanced neoplasia(defined by size only) missed during the first look. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the tandem nature of the procedure rather than the optical techniques was associated with the detection of additional polyps' and adenomas. | Nooman Gilani Sally Stipho James D Panetta Sorin Petre Michele A Young Francisco C Ramirez | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，5： | 2 |
| 5 | Helicobacter pylori in North and South America before Columbus显示文摘 | Yoshio Yamaoka Etsuro Orito Masashi Mizokami Oscar Gutierrez Naruya Saitou Tadashi Kodama Michael S Osato Jong G Kim Francisco C Ramirez Varocha Mahachai David Y Graham | 2002 | FEBS Letters2002，，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Helicobacter pylori in North and South America before Columbus显示文摘 | Yoshio Yamaoka Etsuro Orito Masashi Mizokami Oscar Gutierrez Naruya Saitou Tadashi Kodama Michael S Osato Jong G Kim Francisco C Ramirez Varocha Mahachai David Y Graham | 2002 | FEBS Letters2002，，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Helicobacter pylori in North and South America before Columbus显示文摘 | Yoshio Yamaoka Etsuro Orito Masashi Mizokami Oscar Gutierrez Naruya Saitou Tadashi Kodama Michael S Osato Jong G Kim Francisco C Ramirez Varocha Mahachai David Y Graham | 2002 | FEBS Letters2002，，1： | 1 |
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