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| 1 | Novel ecosystems created by coal mines in central Queensland’s Bowen Basin显示文摘Introduction:Open-cut coal mining began in central Queensland’s Bowen Basin approximately 50 years ago.Over this period of time,mine rehabilitators have used a variety of tree,shrub,and groundcover species to create‘novel ecosystems’to stabilise soils and provide vegetative cover for pre-supposed final end-land uses.We examine post-mining rehabilitation from multiple soil and vegetation monitoring activities in the Bowen Basin to assess the similarity of landforms,plant composition,and trends in plant diversity compared to unmined reference communities.Methods:Rehabilitated spoil dumps and reference sites were assessed using soil and vegetation data contained in compliance monitoring reports from Goonyella Riverside,Moura,Oaky Creek,Rolleston,and Blackwater mines.Slopes,soil chemistry,and plant species mixes of rehabilitation aged from 2 to 22 years were compared to selected reference communities.Results:Mines in this region have generally proposed one of two post-rehabilitation end-land uses:either pasture for cattle grazing or reconstructed native communities which potentially provide native fauna habitat.Landform data from a selection of these mine sites suggest that when their rehabilitation was compared to nearby reference sites median slope values were between 2.5 and 7 times steeper and soil pH,electrical conductivity,and phosphorus levels were significantly higher.The steeply sloped landforms,poor soil characteristics,depauperate native species pool,and uniform presence of exotic pasture grasses in the rehabilitation indicate that most of these newly created ecosystems should not be used for cattle grazing and also have few natural values.Conclusions:Legislative and community expectations have changed progressively over time and,although much of the rehabilitation is currently dominated by an assemblage of exotic buffel grass(Cenchrus ciliaris)and Acacia spp.,recent environmental authorities suggest these‘novel ecosystems’will be judged against native reference sites.Upon completion of mining activities the resilience of these new ecosystems to drought,fire,and grazing will need to be demonstrated prior to lease relinquishment. | Peter D Erskine Andrew T Fletcher | 2013 | Ecological Processes2013，2，1： | 5 |
| 2 | Triazoles as plant growth regulators and stress protectants 显示文摘 | FLETCHER R A GILLEY A DAVIS T D | 2000 | Horticulture Reviews2000，24，： | 1 |
| 3 | Tran- sient hydrodynamics and fl'ee surface capture of an under- baffled stirred tank during stopping 显示文摘 | TORRI J P FLETCHER D F LASUYE T | 2007 | Chemical Engi- neering Research and Design2007，85，5： | 1 |
| 4 | The influ- ence of design parameters on clogging of stormwater biofil- ters : A large-scale column study 显示文摘 | Le Coustumer S Fletcher T D Deletic A | 2012 | Water Res2012，46，20： | 1 |
| 5 | First reports of the freshwater jellyfish Craspedacusta sowerbyi (Hydrozoa: Olindiidae) from maritime Canada with a review of Canadian occurrences显示文摘 | McAlpine D F Peard T L Fletcher T J | 2002 | J Freshwater Ecol2002，17，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Reuse of urban runoff in Australia:a review of recent advances and remaining challenges 显示文摘 | Fletcher T D Deletic A Mitchell V G | 2008 | Journal of Environmental Quality2008，37，5： | 1 |
| 7 | Treatment performance of gravel filter media:Implications for design and application of stormwater infiltration systems 显示文摘 | Hatt B E Fletcher T D Deletic A | 2007 | Water Res2007，41，12： | 1 |
| 8 | Hydraulic and pollutant removal performance of fine media stormwater filtration sys- tems 显示文摘 | Hatt B E Fletcher T D Deletic A | 2008 | Environmental Science & Technology2008，42，7： | 1 |
| 9 | Nutrient and sediment removal by stormwater biofilters: A large-scale design optimisation study 显示文摘 | Bratieres K Fletcher T D Deletic A | 2008 | Water Res2008，42，14： | 1 |
| 10 | Hydraulic performance of biofiher systems for stormwater management influences of design and operation显示文摘 | Coustumer S L Fletcher T D Delefic A | 2009 | J Hydrol2009，376，12： | 1 |
| 11 | Clogging of Stormwater Gravel Infiltration Sys- tems and Filters: Insights from a Laboratory Study 显示文摘 | SIRIWARDENE N R DELETIC A FLETCHER T D | 2007 | Water Research2007，41，7： | 1 |
| 12 | Modelling urban stormwater treatment--a unified approach 显示文摘 | Wong T H F Fletcher T D Duncan H P | 2006 | Eeol Eng2006，27，13： | 1 |
| 13 | Spray Drying of Food Ingredients and Applications of CFD in Spray Drying 显示文摘 | LANGRISH T A G FLETCHER D F | 2001 | Chemical Engineering and Processing2001，40，： | 1 |
| 14 | Nutrient and sediment removal by storm waterbiofilters: Alarge scale design optimisation study显示文摘 | BRATIERES K FLETCHER T D DELETIC A etal | 2008 | Water Research2008，42，14： | 1 |
| 15 | The incidence of benomyltolerance in Verticillium fungicola, Mycogoneperniciosa and Hypomyces rosellus in mushroomcrops显示文摘 | Fletcher J T Yarham D J | 1976 | Annual of Applied Biology1976，84，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Linking proactive personality and the big five to motivation to learn and deve-lopment activity显示文摘 | Major D A Turner J E and Fletcher T D | 2006 | Journal of Applied Psychology2006，91，4： | 1 |
| 17 | A Chemical Model of Coal Devolatilization Using Percolation Lattice Statistics 显示文摘 | Grant D M Pugmire R J Fletcher T H | 1989 | Energy and Fuels1989，，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Nutrient and sedi- ment removal by stormwater biofihers: A large-scale design optimization study 显示文摘 | Bratieres K Fletcher T D Deletic A | 2008 | Water Research2008，42，14： | 1 |
| 19 | Nitrogen removal in constructed wetland systems显示文摘 | Lee C Fletcher T D Sun G | 2009 | Engineering Life Science2009，9，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Spray Drying of Food Ingredients and Applications of CFD in Spray Drying显示文摘 | LANGRISH T A G FLETCHER D F | 2001 | Chemical Engineering and Processing2001，，40： | 1 |
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