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| 1 | 提高储层随机建模精度的地质约束原则显示文摘为了提高随机建模的精度 ,降低模拟实现中的不确定性 ,在建模过程中应采取以下地质约束原则 :等时约束建模 ,成因控制建模 ,多步建模 ,应用地质模式选择随机模拟方法 ,应用目标区多学科信息或原型模型确定统计特征参数 ,应用确定性信息限定随机模拟过程。在此基础上 ,提出了地质约束条件下的储层随机建模流程 ,并以长庆安塞油田坪桥水平井区储层随机建模为例 。 | 吴胜和 张一伟 李恕军 吴志宇 Jan Einar Ringas | 2001 | 石油大学学报(自然科学版)2001，25，1： | 115 |
| 2 | NAFLD fibrosis score:A prognostic predictor for mortality and liver complications among NAFLD patients显示文摘AIM:To study whether the severity of liver fibrosis estimated by the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) fibrosis score can predict all-cause mortality,cardiac complications,and/or liver complications of patients with NAFLD over long-term follow-up.METHODS:A cohort of well-characterized patients with NAFLD diagnosed during the period of 1980-2000 was identified through the Rochester Epidemiology Project.The NAFLD fibrosis score(NFS) was used to separate NAFLD patients with and without advanced liver fibrosis.We used the NFS score to classify the probability of fibrosis as <-1.5 for low probability,>-1.5 to < 0.67 for intermediate probability,and > 0.67 for high probability.Primary endpoints included allcause death and cardiovascular-and/or liver-related mortality.From the 479 patients with NAFLD assessed,302 patients(63%) greater than 18 years old were included.All patients were followed,and medical charts were reviewed until August 31,2009 or the date when the first primary endpoint occurred.By using a standardized case record form,we recorded a detailed history and physical examination and the use of statins and metformin during the follow-up period.RESULTS:A total of 302/479(63%) NAFLD patients(mean age:47 ± 13 year) were included with a followup period of 12.0 ± 3.9 year.A low probability of advanced fibrosis(NFS <-1.5 at baseline) was found in 181 patients(60%),while an intermediate or high probability of advanced fibrosis(NSF >-1.5) was found in 121 patients(40%).At the end of the follow-up period,55 patients(18%) developed primary endpoints.A total of 39 patients(13%) died during the follow-up.The leading causes of death were non-hepatic malignancy(n = 13/39;33.3%),coronary heart disease(CHD)(n = 8/39;20.5%),and liver-related mortality(n = 5/39;12.8%).Thirty patients had new-onset CHD,whereas 8 of 30 patients(27%) died from CHD-related causes during the follow-up.In a multivariate analysis,a higher NFS at baseline and the presence of new-onset CHD were significantly predictive of death(OR = 2.6 and 9.2,respectively;P < 0.0001).Our study showed a significant,graded relationship between the NFS,as classified into 3 subgroups(low,intermediate and high probability of liver fibrosis),and the occurrence of primary endpoints.The use of metformin or simvastatin for at least 3 mo during the follow-up was associated with fewer deaths in patients with NAFLD(OR = 0.2 and 0.03,respectively;P < 0.05).Additionally,the rate of annual NFS change in patients with an intermediate or high probability of advanced liver fibrosis was significantly lower than those patients with a low probability of advanced liver fibrosis(0.06 vs 0.09,P = 0.004).The annual NFS change in patients who died was significantly higher than those in patients who survived(0.14 vs 0.07,P = 0.03).At the end of the follow-up,we classified the patients into 3 subgroups according to the progression pattern of liver fibrosis by comparing the NFS at baseline to the NFS at the end of the followup period.Most patients were in the stable-fibrosis(60%) and progressive-fibrosis(37%) groups,whereas only 3% were in the regressive fibrosis.CONCLUSION:A higher NAFLD fibrosis score at baseline and a new onset of CHD were significantly predictive of death in patients with NAFLD. | Sombat Treeprasertsuk Einar Bjrnsson Felicity Enders Sompongse Suwanwalaikorn Keith D Lindor | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，8： | 13 |
| 3 | 水电站地下厂房洞室顶拱的形成与锚固显示文摘在水电站地下洞室顶锚固设计中,认识岩石顶拱的形成与结构特征,又了解锚固的增强效果十分重要。应用古典楔块拱理论分析了地下洞室顶拱形成和拱的作用,根据极限平衡分析对顶拱锚杆加固进行了评价,并以小浪底工程地下厂房洞顶为例进行了分析,结合数值模型,针对锚杆和锚索对顶拱加固的不同效果进行了比较论证。结果表明:地下厂房洞顶自然拱结构在开挖后基本形成;系统灌浆锚杆加固是必要的;整个洞顶安装系统张拉锚索应谨慎,因其对顶拱稳定作用不大,且可能有负面影响。在水电站地下洞室顶锚固设计中,认识岩石顶拱的形成与结构特征,又了解锚固的增强效果十分重要。应用古典楔块拱理论分析了地下洞室顶拱形成和拱的作用,根据极限平衡分析对顶拱锚杆加固进行了评价,并以小浪底工程地下厂房洞顶为例进行了分析,结合数值模型,针对锚杆和锚索对顶拱加固的不同效果进行了比较论证。结果表明:地下厂房洞顶自然拱结构在开挖后基本形成;系统灌浆锚杆加固是必要的;整个洞顶安装系统张拉锚索应谨慎,因其对顶拱稳定作用不大,且可能有负面影响。 | 黄子平 Einar Broch 吕明 | 2005 | 岩石力学与工程学报2005，24，8： | 10 |
| 4 | Advances in fatty acids nutrition in dairy cows: from gut to cells and effects on performance显示文摘High producing dairy cows generally receive in the diet up to 5–6% of fat. This is a relatively low amount of fat in the diet compared to diets in monogastrics;however, dietary fat is important for dairy cows as demonstrated by the benefits of supplementing cows with various fatty acids(FA). Several FA are highly bioactive, especially by affecting the transcriptome;thus, they have nutrigenomic effects. In the present review, we provide an up-to-date understanding of the utilization of FA by dairy cows including the main processes affecting FA in the rumen,molecular aspects of the absorption of FA by the gut, synthesis, secretion, and utilization of chylomicrons;uptake and metabolism of FA by peripheral tissues, with a main emphasis on the liver, and main transcription factors regulated by FA. Most of the advances in FA utilization by rumen microorganisms and intestinal absorption of FA in dairy cows were made before the end of the last century with little information generated afterwards. However,large advances on the molecular aspects of intestinal absorption and cellular uptake of FA were made on monogastric species in the last 20 years. We provide a model of FA utilization in dairy cows by using information generated in monogastrics and enriching it with data produced in dairy cows. We also reviewed the latest studies on the effects of dietary FA on milk yield, milk fatty acid composition, reproduction, and health in dairy cows. The reviewed data revealed a complex picture with the FA being active in each step of the way, starting from influencing rumen microbiota, regulating intestinal absorption, and affecting cellular uptake and utilization by peripheral tissues, making prediction on in vivo nutrigenomic effects of FA challenging. | Massimo Bionaz Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez Sebastiano Busato | 2021 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2021，12，1： | 8 |
| 5 | Hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis:Is there a role of malnutrition?显示文摘Hepatic encephalopathy(HE) is a common complica-tion in patients with liver cirrhosis but its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood.Malnutrition is com-monly encountered in patients with liver cirrhosis and it has been reported to affect the quality of life of this group of patients.Experimental studies suggest that low energy intake and poor nutritional status may facil-itate the development of HE but there are scarce data on the potential role of malnutrition in HE in patients with liver cirrhosis.Two recently published studies have evaluated the potential role of malnutrition in the development of HE in cirrhotic patients with conflicting results.In this letter to the editor we briefly present the results of the two studies as well as potential rea-sons for the conflicting results reported. | Evangelos Kalaitzakis Einar Bjrnsson | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，21： | 7 |
| 6 | 鱼类消化道菌群与碳水化合物代谢显示文摘碳水化合物氧化分解是鱼类能量的重要来源。由于碳水化合物来源广泛、价格相对低廉,饲料中添加适量碳水化合物,不仅可以降低饲料成本,而且可以节约蛋白原料,减少氨氮排放。然而以往研究表明,鱼类摄入超量碳水化合物时会出现抗病力受损、生长迟缓、脂肪肝、死亡率升高等问题。鱼类消化道微生物参与宿主的糖、脂类和蛋白质等代谢过程,对动物营养代谢有重要的调控作用。提高鱼类对饲料的利用率,对鱼类增产、渔民增收具有重要的现实意义。本研究综述了鱼类对碳水化合物的代谢,以鱼类消化道微生物为出发点,阐述了鱼类消化道微生物调控碳水化合物代谢的方式与可能机制,旨在为鱼类高效利用碳水化合物以及节约饲料中蛋白质提供新视角。 | 鲁程瑶 丁倩雯 冉超 杨雅麟 王安然 张洪玲 张进雄 李解 ERIK Olsen Rolf EINAR Ringo 张震 周志刚 | 2019 | 水产学报2019，43，10： | 6 |
| 7 | Reservoir Stochastic Modeling Constrained by Quantitative Geological Conceptual Patterns显示文摘This paper discusses the principles of geologic constraints on reservoir stochastic modeling. By using the system science theory, two kinds of uncertainties, including random uncertainty and fuzzy uncertainty, are recognized. In order to improve the precision of stochastic modeling and reduce the uncertainty in realization, the fuzzy uncertainty should be stressed, and the “geological genesis-controlled modeling” is conducted under the guidance of a quantitative geological pattern. An example of the Pingqiao horizontal-well division of the Ansai Oilfield in the Ordos Basin is taken to expound the method of stochastic modeling. | Wu Shenghe Zhang Yiwei Jan Einar Ringas | 2006 | Petroleum Science2006，3，1： | 4 |
| 8 | Incidence, Presentation, and Outcomes in Patients With Drug-Induced Liver Injury in the General Population of Iceland显示文摘 | Einar S. Bj?rnsson Ottar M. Bergmann Helgi K. Bj?rnsson Runar B. Kvaran Sigurdur Olafsson | 2013 | Gastroenterology2013，，7： | 4 |
| 9 | 麦角硫因或可降低心血管疾病发生及死亡风险显示文摘目的近期研究发现一种健康饮食模式(HCFP)与降低心脏代谢疾病风险相关,但导致这种相关性的分子机制尚不明确。该研究旨在发现与这种饮食模式相关的血浆代谢物,并研究其与心脏代谢疾病发生和死亡风险的相关性。方法从全人群马尔默饮食和癌症研究中,筛选出3236名无心血管疾病和糖尿病史的参与者。运用液相色谱-质谱法对他们的112种血浆代谢物进行检测。通过多元线性回归和Bonfcrroni校正分析,发现其中与该饮食模式相关的代谢物。使用多变量Cox比例风险模型进行长期随访分析后,发现这些健康饮食的生物标志物与心脏代谢疾病的发生和死亡风险相关。结果平均随访21.4年期间,603人患心血管疾病,362人患糖尿病,843人死亡。基线资料中,5种健康饮食标志物与该饮食模式相关(P<0.0004),其中4种与至少一项研究终点相关(P<0.05)。麦角硫因是与该饮食模式相关性最强的代谢物,并且与降低冠心病风险(危害比0.85,P=0.01)、心血管死亡风险(危害比0.79,P=0.002)、全因死亡风险(麦角硫因每增加一个标准差的危害比,危害比0.86,P=4e-5)相关。结论我们发现高麦角硫因含量是降低心脏代谢疾病发生和死亡风险的独立标志物。而这种高含量很可能是由某种特殊的饮食方式造成的。 | Einar Smith Filip Ottosson Sophie Hellstrand Ulrika Ericson Marju Orho-Melander Celine Fernandez Olle Melander 冯博(译) | 2020 | 英国医学杂志中文版2020，23，4： | 4 |
| 10 | Prevalence and Mechanism of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug–Induced Clinical Relapse in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease显示文摘 | Ken Takeuchi Simon Smale Purushothaman Premchand Laurence Maiden Roy Sherwood Bjarni Thjodleifsson Einar Bjornsson Ingvar Bjarnason | 2006 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2006，，2： | 4 |
| 11 | 鱼虾肠道菌群代谢产物短链脂肪酸研究进展显示文摘短链脂肪酸(Short-chain fatty acids,SCFAs)是指碳链中碳原子数量小于6个的有机脂肪酸,主要由食物中不消化的碳水化合物在体内经厌氧菌酵解生成,主要包括乙酸、丙酸、丁酸等。随着消化道微生物研究的不断深入,肠道微生物代谢产物-短链脂肪酸也被报道出具有重要的生理功能。主要综述了短链脂肪酸在水产动物营养代谢和免疫抗病上的作用,并对水产动物短链脂肪酸的研究短板进行了展望,以期推进水产动物短链脂肪酸的研究进程及实际应用。 | 刘宇 丁倩雯 冉超 杨雅麟 王安然 张洪玲 张进雄 李解 Rolf Erik Olsen Einar Ringø 张震 周志刚 | 2020 | 生物技术通报2020，36，2： | 3 |
| 12 | Probiotics in shellfish aquaculture显示文摘The shellfish aquaculture industry has dramatically developed during the last two decades.However,this de-velopment has,in some cases,resulted in environmental degradation,emergence of diseases and low pro-ductivity.The need for improving disease resistance,growth performance,feed efficiency,and safe aquatic production for human consumption has stimulated development and applications of probiotics in aquaculture.Probiotics used in shellfish aquaculture include genera of Lactobacillus,Enterococcus,Bacillus,Aeromonas,Alteromonas,Arthrobacter,Bifidobacterium,Clostridium,Parnibaillus,Phaeobacter,Pseudoalteromonas,Pseudomonas,Rhodosporidium,Roseobacter,Streptomyces and Vibrio.The beneficial effects of these probiotics include improved growth performance,enzymatic contribution to nutrition,inhibition of adherence and colo-nization of pathogenic bacteria in the digestive tract,modulation of the gut microbiota,and increase haema-tological parameters and immune response.The present review addressed insight into the application of probiotics in shellfish aquaculture,methods of administration,mode of actions,and their enhancing effects,and discuss research gaps and issues that merit further investigations. | Einar RingΦ | 2020 | Aquaculture and Fisheries2020，5，1： | 3 |
| 13 | 水工隧洞及地下工程显示文摘在过去几十年里,隧道技术在全球范围内取得了长足的发展,不同用途的地下空间越来越多地为当今人类所利用,这尤其对水电行业产生了十分重要的影响。文章着重介绍了低成本无衬砌高压隧洞及竖井的设计方法、无衬砌气垫式调压室的相关技术以及该技术在地下储气洞室中的应用前景等。此外,文章还在理论研究和实际应用案例的基础上,探讨了重型岩石锚杆支护在维持洞顶稳定性中的作用,并具体分析了由崩解性玄武岩、脆性砂岩及膨胀性页岩所导致的隧道破坏案例。研究结果表明,充分了解岩体及其性状对于开展地下水电工程及其他隧道工程十分有益。此外,结构足够稳固是必需的,但加固方式无需过于保守,因其将增加不必要的成本。 | Einar Broch | 2017 | 现代隧道技术2017，54，5： | 3 |
| 14 | Risk Factors for Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury显示文摘 | Naga Chalasani Einar Bj?rnsson | 2010 | Gastroenterology2010，，7： | 2 |
| 15 | Effect of different exogenous fatty acids on the cytosolic triacylglycerol content in bovine mammary cells显示文摘The objective of this study was to determine how cytosolic triacylglycerols(TAG) are stored in mammary cells and whether this depends on the individual chemical configuration of fatty acids(FA). This objective was accomplished by addition of different FA to a FA-free medium used to culture mammary alveolar cells-large T antigen cells(MAC-T). Treatments consisted of adding FA(palmitate, stearate, oleate, linoleate,rumenic acid [CLA], elaidate and vaccinate) solutions to the medium at 100, 200, 300 and 400 mmol/L concentrations for a 24-h incubation period. At the end of each incubation period, cytosolic TAG, DNA and protein contents were measured. Palmitate, vaccenate, linoleate and CLA increased(P < 0.05) cytosolic TAG(μg/mg protein). Palmitate and CLA increased(P < 0.05) cytosolic TAG adjusted for DNA content. Overall, effects on cytosolic TAG accumulation depended on individual FA structure(chain length, degree of saturation, and number and orientation of FA double bonds). In addition, the long-chain FA used in this study did not have a detrimental effect on MAC-T cells as indicated by cytosolic protein and DNA contents reflecting their biological role in lipid accumulation. | Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez Juan J.Loor Philip C Garnsworthy | 2019 | Animal Nutrition2019，，2： | 2 |
| 16 | Simple Non-Invasive Systems Predict Long-Term Outcomes of Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease显示文摘 | Paul Angulo Elisabetta Bugianesi Einar S. Bjornsson Phunchai Charatcharoenwitthaya Peter R. Mills Francisco Barrera Svanhildur Haflidadottir Christopher P. Day Jacob George | 2013 | Gastroenterology2013，，： | 2 |
| 17 | Drugs Associated with Hepatotoxicity and their Reporting Frequency of Liver Adverse Events in VigiBase(TM)显示文摘 | Suzuki Ayako Andrade Raul J Bjornsson Einar Lucena M Isabel Lee William M Yuen Nancy A Hunt Christine M Freston James W | 2010 | Drug Safety2010，，6： | 2 |
| 18 | Gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with cirrhosis: a longitudinal study before and after liver transplantation显示文摘 | Evangelos Kalaitzakis Axel Josefsson Maria Castedal Pia Henfridsson Maria Bengtsson Bengt Andersson Einar Bjö rnsson | 2013 | Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology2013，，11： | 2 |
| 19 | Long-term effects of hypnotherapy in patients with refractory irritable bowel syndrome显示文摘 | Perjohan Lindfors Peter Unge Henry Nyhlin Brjánn Ljótsson Einar S. Bj?rnsson Hasse Abrahamsson Magnus Simrén | 2012 | Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology2012，，4： | 2 |
| 20 | Endosymbiotic pathogen-inhibitory gut bacteria in three Indian Major Carps under polyculture system: A step toward making a probiotics consortium显示文摘The gastrointestinal(GI)microbiome in fish plays significant roles in health and disease resistance.This investigation was accomplished to enumerate,characterize and identify the potential probiotic bacteria from three Indian Major Carps(IMCs),viz.,rohu(Labeo rohita),catla(Catla catla)and mrigal(Cirrhinus mrigala)using culture dependent methods.Altogether,105 pathogen-inhibitory bacteria(out of 1216 isolates)were detected from three IMCs by double layer assay.16S rRNA partial gene sequence analyses and BLAST search in the NCBI GenBank unveiled that 94.29%of the pathogen inhibitory bacteria were bacilli(99 strains)and Bacillus licheniformis by far the most common(28%).The primarily selected 27 pathogen-inhibitory strains(cumulative inhibition score≥13)produced extracellular enzymes,while 15 of them produced all the six exo-enzymes studied(amylase,protease,lipase,cellulase,phytase and xylanase).Gut stability of the strains became apparent by their ability to grow in fish mucus and tolerance to diluted bile-juice.Finally,14 strains were noticed asγ-hemolytic and susceptible to the commonly used antibiotics.Further,intra-peritoneal injection withγ-hemolytic strains did not induce any pathological signs or mortalities in fish,and thus were considered as safe.These 14γ-hemolytic isolates were represented by the genus Bacillus(13)and Stenotrophomonas(1),which might form probiotic consortia for prospective use in carp culture. | Koushik Ghosh Anjan Mukherjee Dipanjan Dutta Sudeshna Banerjee Eva Marie Breines Ellinor Hareide Einar Ringø | 2021 | Aquaculture and Fisheries2021，6，2： | 2 |
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