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| 1 | Spatiotemporal spectrum and momentum flux of the stratospheric gravity waves generated by a typhoon显示文摘The simulation results of Typhoon Matsa (2005) by using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model show that pronounced stratospheric gravity waves (GWs) are generated in the vicinity of the typhoon. Using the model output, we investigate the spatial structures and the temporal variations of the GWs through a three dimensional (3-d) spectral analysis, i.e. the spectrum with respect to two horizontal wavenumbers and frequency. We further derive the momentum flux carried by the GWs. Spectral investigation results show that the power spectral density (PSD) of the GWs exhibits a single-peaked spectrum, which consists primarily of a distinct spectrum at horizontal wavelength of ~1000km, time period of 12-18h, and vertical wavelength of 7-9km. This spectrum is different from the spectra of GWs generated by deep convections disclosed by the previous researches. Both the PSD and momentum flux spectrum are prominent in positive k h portion, which is consistent with the fact that the GWs propagate in the upstream of mean flow. Large momentum flux is found to be associated with the GWs, and the net zonal momentum flux is 0.7845×10 3 Pa at 20km height, which can account for ~26% of the momentum flux that is required in driving the QBO phenomenon. | CHEN Dan CHEN ZeYu Lü DaRen | 2013 | Science China Earth Sciences2013，56，1： | 15 |
| 2 | Simulation of the stratospheric gravity waves generated by the Typhoon Matsa in 2005显示文摘The generation of stratospheric gravity waves(GWs) due to typhoon is simulated by using a meso-scale model(WRF) with a typhoon case,the Matsa in 2005.An 8-day model run that covers the major stages of the Matsa's development reproduces the key features of the typhoon.For example,good agreements in the typhoon's track,the intensity,and the spiral clouds,as well as mean state of stratosphere,are seen between the simulation results and the observation.Simulation results clearly show that with typhoon propagates northwestward,pronounced stratospheric GWs are generated continuously in the vicinity of Matsa.The GWs exhibit the typical curve-like wave fronts away from the Typhoon Matsa,and propagate preferentially in the upstream of the background winds.These characteristics reflect that the stratospheric GWs are closely associated with the typhoon,and thus the GWs are referred to as Tropical Cyclone related Gravity Waves(TC-GWs).The results also show that these waves should have a rather large horizontal scale so that the outmost wave fronts can be seen at the distance of ~1000 km to the typhoon center in the horizontal plane of 20 km.This is consistent with the phenomenon of stratospheric TC-GWs with ~1000 km horizontal scale disclosed by the previous observational analysis results. | CHEN Dan CHEN ZeYu Lü DaRen | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，4： | 12 |
| 3 | Monitoring Carbon Dioxide from Space:Retrieval Algorithm and Flux Inversion Based on GOSAT Data and Using CarbonTracker-China显示文摘Monitoring atmospheric carbon dioxide(CO_2) from space-borne state-of-the-art hyperspectral instruments can provide a high precision global dataset to improve carbon flux estimation and reduce the uncertainty of climate projection. Here, we introduce a carbon flux inversion system for estimating carbon flux with satellite measurements under the support of 'The Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences—Climate Change: Carbon Budget and Relevant Issues'. The carbon flux inversion system is composed of two separate parts: the Institute of Atmospheric Physics Carbon Dioxide Retrieval Algorithm for Satellite Remote Sensing(IAPCAS), and Carbon Tracker-China(CT-China), developed at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite(GOSAT) measurements are used in the carbon flux inversion experiment. To improve the quality of the IAPCAS-GOSAT retrieval, we have developed a post-screening and bias correction method, resulting in 25%–30% of the data remaining after quality control. Based on these data, the seasonal variation of XCO_2(column-averaged CO_2dry-air mole fraction) is studied, and a strong relation with vegetation cover and population is identified. Then, the IAPCAS-GOSAT XCO_2 product is used in carbon flux estimation by CT-China. The net ecosystem CO_2 exchange is-0.34 Pg C yr^(-1)(±0.08 Pg C yr^(-1)), with a large error reduction of 84%, which is a significant improvement on the error reduction when compared with in situ-only inversion. | Dongxu YANG Huifang ZHANG Yi LIU Baozhang CHEN Zhaonan CAI Daren Lü | 2017 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2017，34，8： | 9 |
| 4 | Simulation of the stratosphere-troposphere exchange process in a typical cold vortex over Northeast China显示文摘A mesoscale weather research and forecasting(WRF)model was used to simulate a cold vortex that developed over Northeast China during June 19–23,2010.The simulation used high vertical resolution to reproduce the key features of the cold vortex development.Characteristics of the associated stratosphere-troposphere exchange(STE),specifically the spatiotemporal distribution of the cross-tropopause mass flux(CTF),were investigated using the Wei formula.The simulation results showed that the net mass exchange induced by the cold vortex was controlled by stratosphere-to-troposphere transport(STT)processes.In the pre-formation stage of the cold vortex(i.e.,the development of the trough and ridge),active exchange was evident.Over the lifecycle of the cold vortex,STT processes prevailed at the rear of the trough and moving vortex,whereas troposphere-to-stratosphere transport(TST)processes prevailed at the front end.This spatial pattern was caused by temporal fluctuations of the tropopause.However,because of the cancellation of the upward flux by the downward flux,the contribution of the tropopause fluctuation term to the net mass exchange was only minor.In this case,horizontal motion dominated the net mass exchange.The time evolution of the CTF exhibited three characteristics:(1)the predominance of the STT during the pre-formation stage;(2)the formation and development of the cold vortex,in which the CTF varied in a fluctuating pattern from TST to STT to TST;and(3)the prevalence of the STT during the decay stage. | CHEN Dan Lü DaRen CHEN ZeYu | 2014 | Science China Earth Sciences2014，57，7： | 7 |
| 5 | Ozone vertical variations during a typhoon derived from the OMI observations and reanalysis data显示文摘Typhoon is considered to play a key role in the dynamical exchange processes taking place between the troposphere and stratosphere.In this paper,the impact of typhoon on the ozone distribution in the upper troposphere and middle stratosphere is investigated using ozone profiles measured by Aura’s Ozone Monitoring Instrument and meteorological fields from reanalysis data.During the passage of Typhoon Hai-Tang in 2005 over the western North Pacific,low values of ozone column above 200 hPa and ozone mixing ratio between the upper troposphere and the middle stratosphere(from 200 to 50 hPa)are observed right above the typhoon’s track,a result due to the strong upward propagation of air associated with overshooting convection in typhoon.A comparative analysis of different stages of Hai-Tang suggests that in the region where typhoon has higher intensity the troposphere-to-stratosphere transport is enhanced.These results indicated that the typhoon has a significant impact on the ozone variation in the upper troposphere and the middle stratosphere. | FU YunFei XIAN Tao Lü DaRen LIU GuoSheng HENG ZhiWei SUN Liang LIU Qi WANG Yu YANG YuanJian | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，32： | 5 |
| 6 | Effects of spectral sampling rate and range of CO_2 absorption bands on XCO_2 retrieval from TanSat hyperspectral spectrometer显示文摘The spectral sampling rate and range of CO2absorption bands are critical for the optimal design of hyperspectral instrument for CO2observation satellite.Undersampling of spectra in space-based spectrometer significantly contaminates signals measured in the CO21.61 lm-band.The CO2dry-air column(XCO2)error due to spectral undersampling can be up to*1 ppm,which is the target precision of the Chinese Carbon Satellite(TanSat)for a single sounding.Undersampling error depends on surface albedo,solar zenith angle,and scattering properties in the atmosphere.The spectral sampling rate is recommended to be greater than 2.0 pixels per full width at half maximum to avoid undersampling.Reduction of spectral resolution and the use of narrower spectral regions can improve spectral sampling with little changes in CO2retrieval sensitivity without losing much information.The full-band approach provides direct constraints on the wavelength-dependent surface albedo and particle scattering from the measurements.To keep a broader band,we recommend reduction of the spectral resolution by a factor of two. | Yi Liu Zhaonan Cai Dongxu Yang Yuquan Zheng Minzheng Duan Daren L | 2014 | Chinese Science Bulletin2014，59，14： | 5 |
| 7 | Algorithm for retrieving surface pressure from hyper-spectral measurements in oxygen A-band显示文摘An algorithm for retrieving the surface pressure from oxygen A-band measurements in the future Chinese CO2satellite(CarbonSpec/TanSat)was developed.The ful physical radiative transfer model,vector radiative transfe model based on successive order of scattering,which i based on the successive order of scattering approach,wa used to simulate the measurements of CarbonSpec/TanSat as well as the kernel matrix in the inversion algorithm,and then the surface pressure and other related atmospheric parameters such as aerosol optical depth(AOD),surface albedo,and temperature were derived through optima estimation theory.Sensitivities of the algorithm to surface albedo,solar zenith angle(SZA),viewing zenith angle(VZA),aerosol type,and AOD were investigated,and the results showed that the absolute error of retrieved surface pressure increases with decreasing surface albedo o increasing SZA and VZA.An accuracy of\4 hPa ove bright surfaces(surface albedo C0.15)could be derived fo various SZAs and viewing geometries.Moreover,the algorithm can simultaneously retrieve the surface albedo AOD,and its vertical distribution indicated by scale | Hailei Liu Minzheng Duan Daren L Yan Zhang | 2014 | Chinese Science Bulletin2014，59，14： | 4 |
| 8 | TanSat Mission Achievements: from Scientific Driving to Preliminary Observations显示文摘The Chinese global carbon dioxide monitoring satellite(TanSat)was successfully launched in December 2016 and has completed its on-orbit tests and calibration.TanSat aims to measure the atmospheric Carbon Dioxide column-averaged dry air mole fractions(X_(CO_2))with a precision of 4 ppm at the regional scale,and further to derive the CO_2 global and regional fluxes.Progress toward these objectives is reviewed and the first scientific results from TanSat measurements are presented.During the design phase,Observation System Simulation Experiments(OSSE)on TanSat measurements performed prior to launch measurements using a nadir and a glint alternative mode when considering the balance of stable measurements and reduces the flux uncertainty(64%).The constellation measurements of two satellites indicate an extra 10%improvement in flux inversion if the satellite measurements have no bias and similar precision.The TanSat on-orbit test indicates that the instrument is stable and beginning to produce X_(CO_2)products.The preliminary TanSat measurements have been validated with Total Carbon Column Observing Network(TCCON)measurements and have inter-compared with OCO-2 measurements in an overlap measurement. | LIU Yi WANG Jing YAO Lu CHEN Xi CAI Zhaonan YANG Dongxu YIN Zengshan GU Songyan TIAN Longfei LU Naimeng L Daren | 2018 | 空间科学学报2018，38，5： | 2 |
| 9 | The Impact of Surface Properties on Downward Surface Shortwave Radiation over the Tibetan Plateau显示文摘The complexity of inhomogeneous surface–atmosphere radiation transfer is one of the foremost problems in the field of atmospheric physics and atmospheric radiation. To date, the influence of surface properties on shortwave radiation has not been well studied. The daily downward surface shortwave radiation of the latest FLASHFlux/CERES(Fast Longwave And Shortwave Fluxes Time Interpolated and Spatially Averaged/Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System) satellite data was evaluated against in situ data. The comparison indicated that the differences between the two data sets are unstable and large over rugged terrain compared with relatively flat terrain, and the mean absolute error of the satellite products reaches 31.4 W m-2(12.3%) over rugged terrain. Based on the SSF(single satellite footprint)/CERES product, the influence of surface properties on the distribution of downward surface shortwave radiation(DSSR) was analyzed. The influence of surface properties on DSSR over the Tibetan Plateau is about twice as large as that in two other regions located at the same latitude(eastern China–western Pacific and subtropical North Pacific). A simulation was carried out with the help of the I3RC(International Intercomparision of Three-Dimensional Radiation Code) Monte Carlo 3D radiative transfer community model. The results showed that DSSR increases as surface albedo increases. Moreover, the impact of surface albedo on DSSR is larger if the spatial distribution of clouds is more non-uniform. It is hoped that these results will contribute to the development of 3D radiative transfer models and the improvement of satellite inversion algorithms. | WANG Leidi L Daren HE Qing | 2015 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2015，32，6： | 2 |
| 10 | Cloud Classification and Distribution of Cloud Types in Beijing Using Ka-Band Radar Data显示文摘A cloud clustering and classification algorithm is developed for a ground-based Ka-band radar system in the vertically pointing mode. Cloud profiles are grouped based on the combination of a time–height clustering method and the k-means clustering method. The cloud classification algorithm, developed using a fuzzy logic method, uses nine physical parameters to classify clouds into nine types: cirrostratus, cirrocumulus, altocumulus, altostratus, stratus, stratocumulus, nimbostratus,cumulus or cumulonimbus. The performance of the clustering and classification algorithm is presented by comparison with all-sky images taken from January to June 2014. Overall, 92% of the cloud profiles are clustered successfully and the agreement in classification between the radar system and the all-sky imager is 87%. The distribution of cloud types in Beijing from January 2014 to December 2017 is studied based on the clustering and classification algorithm. The statistics show that cirrostratus clouds have the highest occurrence frequency(24%) among the nine cloud types. High-level clouds have the maximum occurrence frequency and low-level clouds the minimum occurrence frequency. | Juan HUO Yongheng BI Daren Lü Shu DUAN | 2019 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2019，36，8： | 2 |
| 11 | Retrieval of Vertical Distribution of Tropospheric Refractivity through Ground-Based GPS Observation显示文摘In the present reported study, the vertical distributions of local atmospheric refractivity were retrieved from groundbased GPS observations at low elevation angles. An improved optimization method was implemented at altitudes of 0–10 km to search for a best-fit refractivity profile that resulted in atmospheric delays most similar to the delays calculated from the observations. A ray-tracing model was used to simulate neutral atmospheric delays corresponding to a given refractivity profile. We initially performed a 'theoretical retrieval', in which no observation data were involved, to verify the optimization method. A statistical relative error of this 'theoretical retrieval'( 2% to 2%) indicated that such a retrieval is effective. In a practical retrieval, observations were obtained using a dual-frequency GPS receiver, and its initial value was provided by CIRA86aQ UoG data. The statistical relative errors of the practical retrieval range from 3% to 5% were compared with co-located radiosonde measurements. Results clearly revealed diurnal variations in local refractivity profiles. The results also suggest that the general vertical distribution of refractivity can be derived with a high temporal resolution. However, further study is needed to describe the vertical refractivity gradient clearly. | WU Xue WANG Xin L Daren | 2014 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2014，31，1： | 2 |
| 12 | Eddy Kinetic Energy Study of the Snowstorm over Southern China in January 2008显示文摘The energetics of the third stage of a snowstorm over China was analyzed using ECWMF data. The analysis of the energy budget for the Middle East trough and the western Pacific trough that developed toward China on 25–28 January 2008 showed the advection of the geopotential by the ageostrophic wind to be both a crucial source and the primary sink of the eddy kinetic energy centers associated with the troughs. The magnitudes of the energy conversion terms, interaction kinetic energy conversion and baroclinic conversion, were too small to explain the development of the energy centers and the jet streaks. The energy centers gained energy at their entrance regions via the convergence of the ageostrophic geopotential fluxes, and then lost energy at their exit regions by the same fluxes. At the entrance regions, the fluxes converged, increasing the geopotential gradient, which generated a stronger geostrophic wind and higher kinetic energy, resulting in an ascending motion in this area. When the troughs moved to China, the ascending motion caused by the convergence of the fluxes at entrance region intensified the snowstorms over central and southern China. | ZUO Qunjie GAO Shouting L Daren | 2014 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2014，31，4： | 2 |
| 13 | An integrated model of eicosanoid metabolism and signaling based on lipidomics flux analysis 显示文摘 | SHAKTI G MANO R M DAREN L | 2009 | Biophys J2009，96，11： | 1 |
| 14 | Monitoring the evolution of 1991 Pinatubo aerosols over Beijing by combining twilight observation with lidar detection显示文摘 | Wu Beiying LüDaren | 1993 | J Geophys Res1993，98，22： | 1 |
| 15 | Detecting leaks in geomembranes显示文摘 | Daren L Laine Glenn T Darilek | 1993 | Civil Engineering1993，，8： | 1 |
| 16 | Characterization of gasphase molecular interactions on differential mobility ion behavior utilizing an electrospray ionization-differential mobility-mass spectrometer system显示文摘 | Daren S L Paul V Raanan A M | 2006 | Analytical Chemistry2006，78，： | 1 |
| 17 | A new method for retrieving equivalent cloud base height and equivalent emissivity by using the ground-based Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI)显示文摘In the paper, we propose a new method of identifying the clear sky based on the Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (AERI). Using the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Mobile Facility (AFM) dataset in Shouxian in 2008, we simulate the downwelling radiances on the surface in the 8-12m window region using Line-By-Line Radiative Transfer Model (LBLRTM), and compare the results with the AERI radiances. The differences larger (smaller) than 3mW (cm2 sr cm1 ) 1 suggest a cloudy (clear) sky. Meanwhile, we develop the new algorithms for retrieving the zenith equivalent cloud base height (CBH e ) and the equivalent emissivity (e), respectively. The retrieval methods are described as follows. (1) An infinitely thin and isothermal blackbody cloud is simulated by the LBLRTM. The cloud base height (H) is adjusted iteratively to satisfy the situation that the contribution of the blackbody to the downwelling radiance is equal to that of realistic cloud. The final H is considered as CBH e . The retrieval results indicate that the differences between the CBH e and observational cloud base height (CBH) are much smaller for thick low cloud, and increase with the increasing CBH. (2) An infinitely thin and isothermal gray body cloud is simulated by the LBLRTM, with the CBH specified as the observed value. The cloud base emissivity (c) is adjusted iteratively until the contribution of the gray body to the downwelling radiance is the same as that of realistic cloud. The corresponding gc is ge . The average ge for the low, middle, and high cloud is 0.967, 0.781, and 0.616 for the 50 cases, respectively. It decreases with the increasing CBH. The retrieval results will be useful for studying the role of cloud in the radiation budget in the window region and cloud parameterizations in the climate model. | PAN LinJun Lü DaRen | 2013 | Science China Earth Sciences2013，56，1： | 1 |
| 18 | A Madden-Julian Oscillation-triggered record ozone minimum over the Tibetan Plateau in December 2003 and its association with stratospheric 'low-ozone pockets'显示文摘 | Liu Chuanxi Liu Yi Cai Zhaonan Gao Shouting Lü Daren Kyr?l? Erkki | 2009 | Geophysical Research Letters2009，，15： | 1 |
| 19 | Alpha 1-antitrypsin and protease complexation is in- duced by lipopolysaccharide, interleukin-lb, and tumor necrosis factor-a in monocytes显示文摘 | DAREN L K DAVID R R KRISTIN R C | 1998 | Am J Re- spir Crit Care Med1998，157，： | 1 |
| 20 | Functional comparison of primacy,middle and recency retrieval in human auditory short-term memory: an event-related fMRI study显示文摘 | Daren Z Zhihao L Xiangchuan C | 2003 | Brain Res Cogn Brain Res2003，16，： | 1 |
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