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| 1 | Apple dwarfing rootstocks exhibit an imbalance in carbohydrate allocation and reduced cell growth and metabolism显示文摘Apple dwarfing rootstocks cause earlier shoot termination and reduced root and shoot mass.To identify physiological factors responsible for rootstock-induced growth restriction,we compared vascular-enriched gene expression between two dwarfing rootstocks(‘M27’and‘M9’)and the vigorous rootstock‘M793’using RNA sequencing and quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR.Differentially expressed genes common to both dwarfing rootstocks belonged to five main biological processes:(1)primary metabolism,(2)cell wall synthesis and modification,(3)secondary metabolism,(4)hormone signalling and response and(5)redox homeostasis.Genes promoting the biosynthesis of amino acids,lipids and cell walls were downregulated in dwarfing rootstocks,whereas genes promoting the breakdown of these compounds were upregulated.The only exception to this trend was the upregulation of starch synthesis genes in dwarfing rootstocks.Non-structural carbohydrate analysis demonstrated that starch concentrations in‘M9’roots,stems and grafted‘Royal Gala’(‘RG’)scions were double that of equivalent tissues from‘RG’homo-grafted trees(‘RG’/‘RG’).Fructose and glucose concentrations were much lower in all three tissues of the‘RG’/‘M9’trees.Together,these data indicate that dwarfing rootstocks are in a state of sugar depletion and reduced cellular activity despite having large starch reserves.Another significant finding was the over-accumulation of flavonoids and the downregulation of auxin influx transporters MdAUX1 and MdLAX2 in dwarfing rootstocks.We propose that both factors reduce polar auxin transport.The results of this study contribute novel information about the physiological state of dwarfing rootstocks. | Toshi M Foster Peter A McAtee Chethi N Waite Helen L Boldingh Tony K McGhie | 2017 | Horticulture Research2017，4，1： | 4 |
| 2 | Exogenous cytokinin application to Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa ‘Hayward’ fruit promotes fruit expansion through water uptake显示文摘Exogenous application of a cytokinin-like compound forchlorfenuron(CPPU)can promote fruit growth,although often at the expense of dry matter(DM),an important indicator of fruit quality.Actinidia chinensis var.deliciosa‘Hayward’fruit are very responsive to CPPU treatments,but the mechanism underlying the significant fruit weight increase and associated decrease in DM is unclear.In this study,we hypothesised that CPPU-enhanced growth increases fruit carbohydrate demand,but limited carbohydrate supply resulted in decreased fruit DM.During fruit development,CPPU effects on physical parameters,metabolites,osmotic pressure and transcriptional changes were assessed under conditions of both standard and a high carbohydrate supply.We showed that CPPU increased fruit fresh weight but the dramatic DM decrease was not carbohydrate limited.Enhanced glucose and fructose concentrations contributed to an increase in soluble carbohydrate osmotic pressure,which was correlated with increased water accumulation in CPPU-treated fruit and up-regulation of water channel aquaporin gene PIP2.4 at 49 days after anthesis.Transcipt analysis suggested that the molecular mechanism contributing to increased glucose and fructose concentrations was altered by carbohydrate supply.At standard carbohydrate supply,the early glucose increase in CPPU fruit was associated with reduced starch synthesis and increased starch degradation.When carbohydrate supply was high,the early glucose increase in CPPU fruit was associated with a general decrease in starch synthesis but up-regulation of vacuolar invertase and fructokinase genes.We conclude that CPPU affected fruit expansion by increasing the osmotically-driven water uptake and its effect was not carbohydrate supply-limited. | Simona Nardozza Helen L Boldingh Mark W Wohlers Andrew P Gleave Zhiwei Luo Guglielmo Costa Elspeth A MacRae Michael J Clearwater Annette C Richardson | 2017 | Horticulture Research2017，4，1： | 2 |
| 3 | Changes in quinic acid metabolism during fruit development in three kiwifruit species显示文摘 | Marsh KB Boldingh HL Shilton R S | 2009 | Funct Plant Biol2009，36，5： | 1 |
| 4 | Effects of water stress on fruit quality attributes of kiwifruit显示文摘 | MILLER S A SMITH G S BOLDINGH H L JOHANSSON A | 1998 | An?nals of Botany1998，81，： | 1 |
| 5 | Assessing pain in patients with severe cerebral palsy: development, reliability, and validity of a pain assessment instrument for cerebral palsy显示文摘 | Boldingh EJ Jacobs-van der Bruggen MA Lankhorst GJ | 2004 | Arch Plays Med Rehabil2004，85，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Inheritance of taste char- acters and fruit size and number in a diploid Actinidia ehinensis (kiwifruit) population显示文摘 | Cheng C H Seal A G Boldingh H L | 2004 | Euphytica2004，138，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Bosentan decreases pulmonary vascular resistance and improves exercise capacity in acute hy poxia显示文摘 | Faoro V Boldingh S Moreals M | 2009 | Chest2009，135，5： | 1 |
| 8 | High grow- ing temperatures reduce fruit ca-rbohydrate and vitamin C in kiwifruit 显示文摘 | Richardson AC Marsh KB Boldingh HL | 2004 | Plant Cell and Environment2004，27，： | 1 |
| 9 | Serum human epididymal protein 4 (HFA) as biomarker for the differentiation between epithelia! ovarian cancer and ovarian metastases of gastrointestinal origin显示文摘 | Stiekema A Boldingh Q J Korse CM | 2015 | Gynecol Oncol2015，136，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Bosentan decreases pulmo- nary vascula resistance and increases exercise capacity in acute hypoxia 显示文摘 | Faoro V Boldingh S Moreels M | 2009 | Chest2009，135，5： | 1 |
| 11 | Seasonal concentrations of nonstructural carbohydrates of five actinidia species in fruit, leaf and fine root tissue显示文摘 | Boldingh H Smith GS Klages K | 2000 | Annals of Botany2000，85，： | 1 |
| 12 | Myo-Inositol is the major sugar in Actinidia arguta during early fruit development显示文摘 | Klages KU Donnison H Boldingh H | 1998 | Aust J Plant Physiol1998，25，： | 1 |
| 13 | Seasonal Concentrations of Non - structural Carbohydrates of Five Actinidia Spe- cies in Fruit, Leaf and Fine Root Tissue显示文摘 | BOLDINGH H SMITH GS KLAGES K | 2000 | Ann Bot2000，85，： | 1 |
| 14 | Differences in NGFI-B, Nurr1, and NOR-1 expression and nucleocytoplasmic translocation in glutamate-treated neurons显示文摘 | Boldingh Debernard KA Mathisen GH Paulsen RE | 2012 | Neurochem Int2012，61，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Bosentan decreases pul- monary vascular resistance and improves exercise capacity in acute hypoxia显示文摘 | Faoro V Boldingh S Moreels M | 2009 | Chest2009，135，5： | 1 |
| 16 | High growing temperatures re-duce fruit carbohydrate and vitamin C in kiwifruit显示文摘 | RICHARDSON A C MARSH K B BOLDINGH H L PICKERING AH BULLEY S M FREARSON N J FERGUSON A R THORNBERS E BOLITHO K M MACRAE E A | 2004 | Plant Cell andEnvironment2004，27，： | 1 |
| 17 | Serum human epididymal protein 4 (HE4) as biomarker for the differentiation between epithelial ovarian cancer and ovarian metastases of gastrointestinal origin显示文摘 | Stiekema A Boldingh QJ Korse CM | 2015 | Gynecol Oncol2015，136，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Mannans in tomato fruit are not depolymerized during ripening despite the presence of endo-beta-mannanase显示文摘 | Prakash R Johnston S L Boldingh H L | | 0，，12： | 1 |
| 19 | Vestibular sensitivity in vestibular migraine: VEMPs and motion sickness susceptibility显示文摘 | Boldingh MI Ljostad U Mygland A | 2011 | Cephalalgia2011，31，11： | 1 |
| 20 | Effects of Water Stress on Fruit Quality Attributes of Kiwifruit显示文摘 | S.A. MILLER G.S. SMITH H.L. BOLDINGH A. JOHANSSON | 1998 | Annals of Botany1998，，1： | 1 |
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