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| 1 | New approaches for evaluation of soil health, sensitivity and resistance to degradation显示文摘Assessment of soil health requires complexevaluation of properties and functions responsible for abroad range of ecosystem services. Numerous soil qualityindices (SQI) have been suggested for the evaluation ofspecific groups of soil functions, but comparison of variousSQI is impossible because they are based on a combinationof specific soil properties. To avoid this problem, wesuggest an SQI-area approach based on the comparison ofthe areas on a radar diagram of a combination of chemical,biological and physical properties. The new approach isindependent of the SQI principle and allows rapid andsimple comparison of parameter groups and soils. Anotherapproach analyzing the resistance and sensitivity ofproperties to degradation is suggested for a detailedevaluation of soil health. The resistance and sensitivityof soil properties are determined through comparison withthe decrease of soil organic carbon (SOC) as a universalparameter responsible for many functions. The SQI-areaand resistance/sensitivity approaches were tested based on quences after the ab and on ment of agricultural soils. Both the SQI-area and the resistance/sensitivity approaches areuseful for basic and applied research, and for decisionmakersto evaluate land-use practices and measure thedegree of soil degradation. | Yakov KUZYAKOV Anna GUNINA Kazem ZAMANIAN Jing TIAN Yu LUO Xingliang XU Anna YUDINA Humberto APONTE Hattan ALHARBI Lilit OVSEPYAN Irina KURGANOVA Tida GE Thomas GUILLAUME | 2020 | Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering2020，7，3： | 6 |
| 2 | Straw and biochar strongly affect functional diversity of microbial metabolism in paddy soils显示文摘The application of straw and biochar is widely practiced for the improvement of soil fertility.However,its impact on microbial functional profiles,particularly with regard to paddy soils,is not well understood.The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity of microbial carbon use patterns in paddy soils amended with straw or straw-derived biochar in a 3-year field experiment in fallow soil and at various development stages of a rice crop(i.e.,tillering and blooming).We applied the community level physiological profiling approach,with 15 substrates(sugars,carboxylic and amino acids,and phenolic acid).In general,straw application resulted in the greatest microbial functional diversity owing to the greater number of available C sources than in control or biochar plots.Biochar amendment promoted the use of α-ketoglutaric acid,the mineralization of which was higher than that of any other substrate.Principal component analyses indicated that microbial functional diversity in the biochar-amended soil was separated from those of the straw-amended and control soils.Redundancy analyses revealed that soil organic carbon content was the most important factor regulating the pattern of microbial carbon utilization.Rhizodeposition and nutrient uptake by rice plants modulated microbial functions in paddy soils and stimulated the microbial use of N-rich substances,such as amino acids.Thus,our results demonstrated that the functional diversity of microorganisms in organic amended paddy soils is affected by both physicochemical properties of amendment and plant growth stage. | YUAN Hong-zhao ZHU Zhen-ke WEI Xiao-meng LIU Shou-long PENG Pei-qin Anna Gunina SHEN Jian-lin Yakov Kuzyakov GE Ti-da WU Jin-shui WANG Jiu-rong | 2019 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2019，18，7： | 4 |
| 3 | Fate of low-molecular-weight organic phosphorus compounds in the P-rich and P-poor paddy soils显示文摘Continuous application of organic fertilizers can cause accumulation of organic phosphorus(P)in soil,especially in the lowmolecular-weight organic phosphorus(LMWOP)forms.This organic P pool represents a potentially important source of P for both plants and microorganisms.To understand the effect of long-term fertilization(30 years)(P-rich soil)vs.fallowing(P-poor soil)on the bioavailability and fate of LMWOP in subtropical paddy soils,we determined the sorption and mineralization of 14 C-labeled adenosine,adenosine monophosphate(AMP),adenosine diphosphate(ADP),and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)in each soil.The contents of carbon,nitrogen,and P in the P-rich soil were more than two times greater than those in the P-poor soil.The mineralization rates of the LMWOP compounds were faster in the P-rich soil compared to the P-poor soil,and followed the order AMP>ADP>ATP.Using sterilized soil,all forms of adenosine-P were strongly sorbed to the solid phase and reached saturation in a short time,with the adsorbance increasing with the number of phosphate groups.We concluded that the mineralization of LMWOP compounds was repressed slightly by sorption to the solid phase,but only in the short term.Thus,LMWOP compounds serve as readily available sources of C for microorganisms,making P available for themselves as well as for the plants.However,P accumulation and the progressive saturation of the P sorption sites in highly fertile soils may increase the potential risk of P runoff. | LI Bao-zhen Anna GUNINA Mostafa ZHRAN Davey L.JONES Paul W.HILL HU Ya-jun GE Ti-da WU Jin-shui | 2021 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2021，20，9： | 0 |
| 4 | Effect of N and P fertilization on the allocation and fixation of photosynthesized carbon in paddy soil显示文摘Potted rice seedlings independently treated with N,P,and NP were continuously^(13)CO_(2) labeled to investigated the influence of N and P application on the contribution of photosynthesized C to the rhizosphere versus bulk soil and particulate organic matter(POM)versus mineral fraction(MIN).N and NP enhanced net assimilated^(13)C on day 14(D14),with maximum C assimilation occurring on day 22(D22)under NP.Aboveground biomass retained more^(13)C than belowground biomass for all treatments.^(13)C incorporation into the rhizosphere exceeded that in bulk soil,with the maximum(6-10%)found under N addition.Newly assimilated^(13)incorporated into POM increased in the rhizosphere under N and NP conditions,whereas MIN remained largely unaffected.^(13)C-MBC proportion in the total microbial biomass C(MBC)pool revealed that N and NP stimulated microbial activity to a greater degree than P.The main portion of^(13)C in the rhizosphere and bulk soil was found in POM on D14,which decreased over time due to microbial utilization.Contrastingly,root-derived ^(13)C in the MIN remained unchanged between sampling days,which indicates that the stabilization of rhizodeposits in this fraction might be the potential mechanism underlying SOM sequestration in paddy soils. | Mostafa Zhran Tida Ge Yaoyao Tong Zhenke Zhu Yangwu Deng Ahmed Fahmy Ming Chen Tin Mar Lynn Jinshui Wu Anna Gunina | 2021 | Ecosystem Health and Sustainability2021，7，1： | 0 |
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