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| 1 | Multiphasic characterization of a plant growth promoting bacterial strain, Burkholderia sp.7016 and its effect on tomato growth in the field显示文摘Aiming at searching for plant growth promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR), a bacterium strain coded as 7016 was isolated from soybean rhizosphere and was characterized in the present study. It was identified as Burkholderia sp. based on 16 S r DNA sequence analysis, as well as phenotypic and biochemical characterizations. This bacterium presented nitrogenase activity, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid(ACC) deaminase activity and phosphate solubilizing ability; inhibited the growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Gibberella zeae and Verticillium dahliae; and produced small quantities of indole acetic acid(IAA). In green house experiments, significant increases in shoot height and weight, root length and weight, and stem diameter were observed on tomato plants in 30 d after inoculation with strain 7016. Result of 16 S r DNA PCR-DGGE showed that 7016 survived in the rhizosphere of tomato seedlings. In the field experiments, Burkholderia sp. 7016 enhanced the tomato yield and significantly promoted activities of soil urease, phosphatase, sucrase, and catalase. All these results demonstrated Burkholderia sp. 7016 as a valuable PGPR and a candidate of biofertilizer. | GAO Miao ZHOU Jian-jiao WANG En-tao CHEN Qian XU Jing SUN Jian-guang | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，9： | 11 |
| 2 | Rapid growth of ternary eutectic un der high undercooling conditions显示文摘Rapid solidification of bulk Ag42.4Cu21.6Sb36 ternary eutectic alloy is accomplished by glass fluxing method,during which the maximum undercooling attains 114 K (0.16 TE). Under high undercooling conditions,the ternary eutectic consists ofε (Ag3Sb),(Sb)and θ(Cu2Sb)phases,instead of (Ag),(Sb)and θphases as predicted by the phase diagram.In the sample of small undercooling,the alloy microstructure is characterized by the mixture of primary θ(Cu2Sb),(ε+θ) and (ε+Sb) pseudobinary eutectics,and regular (ε+θ+Sb) ternary eutectic.With the increase of undercooling, θ (Cu2Sb) primary phase and pseudobinary eutectics disappear gradually,and ternary eutectic transfers from regular to anomalous structure.When undercooling exceeds 102 K,anomalous (ε+θ+Sb) ternary eutectic is the unique microstructure.Competitive nucleation and growth of these three eutectic phases is the main cause for the formation of complex growth morphologies.Based on the current experiments and theoretical calculations,it can be concluded that the intermetallic compound phaseθ(Cu2Sb) is the leading nucleating phase. | RUAN Ying CAO Chongde WEI Bingbo | 2004 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2004，47，6： | 10 |
| 3 | Determination of interface width value in phase-field simulation of dendritic growth into undercooled melt显示文摘The influence of the interface width value on the simulation results and its dependence upon thermo-physical parameters in the phase-field simulation of dendritic growth into undercooled melt are investigated. After choosing the reasonable interface width value, the tip velocities of dendritic growth in Ni melt under different undercoolings are calculated and compared with the experimental data in order to benchmark our results. It is shown that the reasonable interface width value, which is determined by the undercooling, anisotropy, interface kinetic, and thermal diffusivity, has to be taken low enough, and the agreement of our results with experimental data verifies that the credible results can be achieved as long as the interface width value is adequately low. This paper provides the basis of determining interface width value in simulating dendritic growth into undercooled melt by phase-field approach. | YU Yanmei, YANG Gencang , ZHAO Dawen and LU Yili(State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China) | 2002 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2002，12，3： | 8 |
| 4 | Effects of Nitrogen Rate and Split Application Ratio on Nitrogen Use and Soil Nitrogen Balance in Cotton Fields显示文摘The Yellow River valley is one of the three largest cotton production areas in China.An experiment was performed in cotton fields of Anyang,China from 2013 to 2014 to investigate the effects of nitrogen(N) application rate and the ratio between basal and topdressing N fertilizer on N balance in a soil-plant system,N use efficiency,and cotton yield.Five N application rates as treatments were applied with the same split application ratio.Half of the N(50% basal fertilizer) was applied at pre-planting and the other half(50% topdressing fertilizer) at the initial flowering stage.These treatments were:zero N(N0,control),90 kg N ha^(-1)(N90(5/5)),180 kg N ha^(-1)(N180(5/5)),270 kg N ha^(-1)(N270(5/5),a reduced N rate),and 360 kg N ha^(-1)(N360(5/5),a conventional N rate).Additional 2 split application ratios as treatments were applied with the same N rate of 270 kg N ha^(-1).The split application ratios between basal N and topdressing N were 30%:70%(N270(3/7)) and 70%:30%(N270(7/3)).Results demonstrated that soil NH_4-N content in the 0–60 cm layer and NO3-N content in the 0–20 cm layer increased with increased N rate at the squaring and boll-opening stages and then decreased to lower levels at the initial flowering and harvest stages.Soil NO_3-N content in the 20–60 cm layer after the initial flowering stage increased with the increase of topdressing N rate.Soil apparent N surplus varied at different growth stages,while the soil apparent N surplus over the entire growth period exhibited a positive relationship at N rates over 180 kg ha^(-1).Seed cotton yield of N270(3/7) was the highest of all treatments.Plant N uptake,N agronomic efficiency,and apparent N recovery efficiency of N270(3/7) were significantly higher than those of N270(5/5) and N270(7/3) in both growing seasons.These suggest both economic and ecological benefits in cotton production in the Yellow River valley could be created,by appropriately reducing total N application rate and increasing the ratio of topdressing to basal N fertilizer at the initial flowering stage. | LI Pengcheng DONG Helin LIU Aizhong LIU Jingran SUN Miao LI Yabing LIU Shaodong ZHAO Xinhua MAO Shuchun | 2017 | Pedosphere2017，27，4： | 7 |
| 5 | Formation process and fractal growth model of HCFC-141b refrigerant gas hydrate显示文摘The microscopic visualization experiment on the formation process of HCFC-141b refrigerant gas hydrate has been investigated, and the morphological photos of hydrate formation process have been obtained. The results show that gas hydrate originally nucleated on the interface of refrigerant HCFC-141b and water under the condition of supercooling, then the hydrate grows continually due to the inducement of formed nucleation and diffusion of refrigerant. The formation of gas hydrate presents an arboreous phenomenon. The fractal dimension of the hydrate formation morphology on different stages was calculated. The calculating results indicate that the initial stage of the hydrate formation belongs to fractal growth, and the dimension is about 1.52. Based on the fractal theory, an RIN-DLA (random inducement nucleation-diffusion limited aggregation) model for the HCFC-141b hydrate growth was developed. The hydrate growth process was simulated with the developed model, and the fractal dimension for the simulated morphology is well compared with that from the experiment. | 赵永利 樊栓狮 葛新石 刘勇 郭开华 刘晓聪 梁栋 舒碧芬 | 2002 | Science China Chemistry2002，45，2： | 7 |
| 6 | STOCHASTIC CRACKING AND HEALING BEHAVIORS OF THIN FILMS DURING REACTION-DIFFUSION GROWTH显示文摘The stochastic cracking and healing behaviors of reaction-diffusion growth of thin films were studied by means of Markov processes analysis. We chose the thermal growth of oxide scales on metals as an example of reaction-diffusion growth. The thermal growth of oxide films follows power law when no cracking occurs. Our results showed that the growth kinetics under stochastic cracking and healing conditions was different from that without cracking. It might be altered to either pseudo-linear or pseudo-power laws dependent upon the intensity and frequency of the cracking of the films. When the hoping items dominated, the growth followed pseudo-linear law; when the diffusional items dominated, it followed pseudo-power law with the exponentials lower than the intrinsical values. The numerical results were in good agreement with the meassured kinetics of isothermal and cyclic oxidation of NiAl-0.1 Y (at. %) alloys in air at 1273K. | S.L. Zhu, S.L. Yang, Y.M. Xiong, M.S. Li, S.J. Geng, C.S. Hu, Fuhui Wang and W.T. Wu (State Key Lab for Corrosion and Protection, Institute of Metal Research, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China) | 2001 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2001，14，6： | 6 |
| 7 | Spherical foam growth in Al alloy melt显示文摘Due to the demand of high-tech Al alloy foam with spherical pores, high strength and high energy-absorption capacity has become one of the research foci. The aim of this study is to ascertain the growth regularity of spherical foam in Al alloy melt. Three-dimensional packing model such as face-centered cubic is established to study the spherical foam growth. Theoretical results are compared with experimental ones, and the face-centered cubic model corresponds well with the experiment. It is reasonable to assume that the pores have the same radius, the total pore number keeps unchanged and spherical foam grows with face-centered cubic packing mode. This study presents a useful help to control the average pore radius and film thickness. | SHANG Jintang HE Deping | 2005 | Science China Chemistry2005，48，3： | 6 |
| 8 | Effect of cadmium on growth and photosynthesis of tomato seedlings显示文摘A hydroponic experiment carried out to study the effect of five Cd levels on growth and photosynthesis of two tomato cultivars showed that the addition of 0.1 μmol/L Cd induced a slight increase in plant height of Hezuo 903 and the SPAD (the Soil–Plant Analyses Development) value of the 2 cultivars. However, at higher Cd levels, i.e., 1 and 10 μmol/L, root length and volume, plant height, and SPAD value were all significantly reduced. On an average of the 2 cultivars, exposure to 1 and 10 μmol/L Cd for 33 d reduced plant height by 18.9% and 46.4% and SPAD value by 11.2% and 31.6%, compared with control, respectively. Similarly, root length was reduced by 41.1% and 25.8% and root volume by 45.2% and 63.7%, respectively. The addition of Cd in the growth medium also had significant deleterious effect on net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and intracellular CO2 concentration (Ci), with Pn being reduced by 27.2% and 62.1% at 1 μmol/L and 10 μmol/L Cd treatments compared to the control, respectively, while Ci increased correspondingly by 28.4% and 39.3%. | 董静 邬飞波 张国平 | 2005 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)2005，6，10： | 5 |
| 9 | MODELING OF FERRITE GRAIN GROWTH OF LOW CARBON STEELS DURING HOT ROLLING显示文摘For most commercial steels the prediction of the final properties depends on accurately calculating the room temperature ferrite grain size. A grain growth model is proposed for low carbon steels Q235B during hot rolling. By using this model, the initial ferrite grain size after continuous cooling and ferrite grain growing in coiling procedure can be predicted. Finally, in-plant trials were performed in the hot strip mill of Ansteel. The calculated final ferrite grain sizes are in good agreement with the experimental ones. It is helpful both for simulation of microstructure evolution and prediction of mechanical properties. | Y.T. Zhang, D.Z. Li and Y.Y. LiInstitute of Metal Research, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China Manuscript received 26 December 2001 in revised form 9 February 2002 | 2002 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2002，15，3： | 4 |
| 10 | EFFECT OF MAGNETIZATION OF WATER ON INDUCTION TIME AND GROWTH PERIOD OF NATURAL GAS HYDRATE显示文摘The effect of diluted solution's magnetization on induction time and growth period of natural gas hydrate (NGH) has been investigated in quiescent reaction system at pressure of 4. 5 MPa and temperature of 274 K with SDS as surfactant, by using volume fixed and pressure falling method. Experimental results show that magnetization will have effect on the induction time of NGH. After magnetization with magnetic field intensity of 0.33 T, the induction time of NGH has been reduced to 47 min (average) from 99 min (average) in which there is no magnetization. On the other hand, the induction time has been prolonged after magnetization of the diluted solution with magnetic field intensity of 0.05 T, 0. 11 T, 0.22 T, 0.44T. Especially with magnetic field intensity of 0.11 T, the induction time had even been prolonged to 431min (average). The effect of magnetization on the growth period of NGH has not been found at the experimental condition. | KUANG Li and FAN Shuanshi(Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, Guangdong, China) | 2003 | 化工学报2003，54，z1： | 3 |
| 11 | Recrystallization and Grain Growth in Austenitic Stainless Steels: a Statistical Approach显示文摘A mathematical model, able to describe the recrystallization and grain growth in metals, has been developed. Taking into account the classical constitutive equations of the Taylor′s theory, the model involves only two free parameters (the dislocation density and the initial number of nuclei). Results from the model are here discussed in comparison with measurements performed on an AISI 304 stainless steel. The predictions of the model are in good agreement with experimental results. As cross check of the model prediction, the independent parameter 'dislocation density'was found to properly correlate to the mechanical properties of the steel and to X-ray diffraction measurements,according to Taylor′s and Debye′s relations respectively. | A.Di Schino G.Abbruzzese J.M. Kenny | 2003 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2003，19，z1： | 2 |
| 12 | Vegetative Growth Characters of the Young Apple Trees Trained in Vertical Axis System显示文摘Vegetative growth of young apple trees trained in vertical axis were studied with ‘Red Fuji',‘Jonagold’, ‘ Orin’ and ‘ Starkrimson’on M7, MM106, M26 interstocks in northern China. About 30branches sprouted from the central leader of the trees during the 4 years after planting for ‘Red Fuji’ and‘Jonagold’, and 26.7 and 20 branches respectively for ‘Orin' and ‘Starkrimson. Moreover the 2-year-old section of the central leader had the strongest capacity to sprout new branches (and sometimes the 1-year-old section too), and sprouted more new shoots than the other section. The total new shoots including spurs on the4-year-old trees reached 631 per tree for ‘ Jonagold', about 480 for ‘ Red Fuji’ and ‘ Orin’, and 312 for‘Starkrimson’. Percentage of spurs was about 61% for ‘Red Fuji’, 73% for ‘Jonagold’ and ‘Orin’, and81% for‘Starkrimson’. Growth vigor of the central leader and limbs of the young apple trees could quickly decline: the growth of the central leader decreased markedly in the fourth year after planting, and branches from the central leader grew vigorously only in the current growth season or in the first two years after branching. | LI Shao-hua, LI Ming, LIU Guo-jie and MENG Zhao-qing( Department of Fruit Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094 , P. R. China Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, P.R. China ) | 2002 | Agricultural Sciences in China2002，1，7： | 2 |
| 13 | Kinetic Monte Carlo simulation of thin film growth显示文摘A three-dimensional kinetic Monte Carlo technique has been developed for simulating growth of thin Cu films. The model involves incident atom attachment, diffusion of the atoms on the growing surface, and detachment of the atoms from the growing surface. The related effect by surface atom diffusion was taken into account. A great improvement was made on calculation of the activation energy for atom diffusion based on a reasonable assumption of interaction potential between atoms. The surface roughness and the relative density of the films were simulated as the functions of growth substrate temperature and film thickness. The results showed that there exists an optimum growth temperature Topt at a given deposition rate. When the substrate temperature approaches to Topt, the growing surface becomes smoothing and the relative density of the films increases. The surface roughness minimizes and the relative density saturates at Topt. The surface roughness increases with an increment of substrate temperature when the temperature is higher than Topt. Topt iS a function of the deposition rate and the influence of the deposition rate on the surface roughness depends on the substrate temperatures. The simulation results also showed that the relative density decreases with the increasing of the deposition rate and the average thickness of the film. | 张佩峰 郑小平 贺德衍 | 2003 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2003，46，6： | 2 |
| 14 | Rapid growth of primary dendrite in highly undercooled copper-antimany alloy显示文摘The droplets of Cu-11wt.%Sb hypoeutectic alloy have been rapidly solidified during containerless processing in a 3 m drop tube. The undercooling and cooling rates are estimated, and both play a dominant role in the dendritic growth of primary Cu phase. Undercoolings up to 200 K (0.16TL, where TL is the liquidus temperature) have been obtained in the experiment. With the increase of undercooling, the microstructural evolution of primary Cu phase proceeds from remelted dendrites to the equiaxed grains. A coarse dendritic grain microstructure can form in the undercooling range of 61~102 K and at cooling rates of 1.35×102~2.66×103 K/s. The segregationless solidification of Cu-11wt.%Sb hypoeutectic alloy occurs when undercooling is more than 176 K. The growth of primary Cu phase is mainly controlled by solute diffusion. | YAO Wenjing , CAO Chongde and WEI Bingbo(Laboratory of Materials Science in Space, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China) | 2002 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2002，12，12： | 2 |
| 15 | Effect of cold plasma treatment on seedling growth and nutrient absorption of tomato显示文摘The effects of cold plasma(CP) treatment on seed germination, seedling growth, root morphology, and nutrient uptake of a tomato were investigated. The results showed that 80 W of CP treatment significantly increased tomato nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) absorption by12.7% and 19.1%, respectively. CP treatment significantly improved the germination potential of tomato seed by 11.1% and the germination rate by 13.8%. Seedling growth characteristics,including total dry weight, root dry weight, root shoot rate, and leaf area, significantly increased after 80 W of CP treatment. Root activity was increased by 15.7% with 80 W of CP treatment,and 12.6% with 100 W of CP treatment. CP treatment(80 W) markedly ameliorated tomato root morphology, and root length, surface area, and volume, which increased 21.3%, 23.6%, and29.0%, respectively. Our results suggested that CP treatment improved tomato N and P absorption by promoting the accumulation of shoot and root biomass, increasing the leaf area and root activity, and improving the length, surface area, and volume of root growth. Thus, CP treatment could be used in an ameliorative way to improve tomato nutrient absorption. | 蒋佳峰 李建刚 董元华 | 2018 | Plasma Science and Technology2018，20，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Spatial evolution equation of wind wave growth显示文摘Based on the dynamic essence of air-sea interactions, a feedback type of spatial evolu-tion equation is suggested to match reasonably the growing process of wind waves. This simple equation involving the dominant factors of wind wave growth is able to explain the transfer of en-ergy from high to low frequencies without introducing the concept of nonlinear wave-wave interac-tions, and the results agree well with observations. The rate of wave height growth derived in this dissertation is applicable to both laboratory and open sea, which solidifies the physical basis of using laboratory experiments to investigate the generation of wind waves. Thus the proposed spa-tial evolution equation provides a new approach for the research on dynamic mechanism of air-sea interactions and wind wave prediction. | 王伟 孙孚 戴德君 | 2003 | Science China Earth Sciences2003，46，2： | 0 |
| 17 | REACTION PROBABILITIES OF ENERGETIC SPECIES AT GROWING DIAMOND FILM SURFACES BY MOLECULAR DYNAMICS SIMULATION显示文摘A Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation with Tersoff empirical many-body potentialhas been employed to investigate the growth processes of diamond film with energeticspecies deposition. In the present study, we have studied the reaction probabilities ofenergetic species with energies of 0.1 e V to 10e V at the substrate temperature of 1100K.In the cases of the diamond growth on the surface with H passivation, the reactionprobability of hydrocarbon species considerably increases when the species energy ishigher than 2e V. This means that the diamond film can grow in the case of highincident species energy without the process of hydrogen abstraction, which is neededin the case of incident species with low energy. The reaction mechanism of energeticspecies on hydrogen passivated diamond surface is also discussed. | Q.Y. Zhang E. Bauer- Grosse | 2002 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2002，15，1： | 0 |
| 18 | 3D Modeling and Simulation of Dendritic Growth during Solidification显示文摘A mathematical model for the three-dimensional simulation of free dendritic growth and microstructure evolutionwas developed based on the growth mechanism of crystal grains and basic transfer equations such as heat, massand momentum transfer equations. Many factors including constitutional undercooling, curvature undercooling andanisotropy, which had vital influences on the microstructure evolution, were considered in the model. Simulated resultsshowed that final microstructural patterns and free dendritic growth could be predicted reasonably and calculatedresults were coincident with experimental The simulated results of free dendritic growth indicated that the strength ofanisotropy has significant effects on free dendritic growth, dendrite profile, micro solute and temperature distribution.The dendritic grain profiles with fully-grown parallel secondary arm tend to be formed at the intensive anisotropy,while near octahedral grain profiles with small protuberances of surface at low strength of anisotropy. The simulatedresults of free dendritic growth also indicated that there are small molten pools left in interdendritic areas. This ishelpful to understand the fundamental of the formation of microstructure related defects such as microsegregationand microporosity. | Zuojian LIANG Qingyan XU Baicheng LIU | 2003 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2003，19，z1： | 0 |
| 19 | Elasto-plastic fatigue crack growth analysis of plane problems in the presence of flaws using XFEM显示文摘ABSTRACT In this paper, elasto-plastic XFEM simulations have been perfonaaed to evaluate the fatigue life of plane crack problems in the presence of various defects. The stress-strain response of the material is modeled by Ramberg- Osgood equation. The von-Mises failure criterion has been used with isotropic hardening. The J-integral for two fracture modes (mode-I and mode-If) is obtained by decomposing the displacement and stress fields into their symmetric and antisymmetric parts, then individual stress intensity factors are extracted from J-integral. The fatigue life obtained by EPFM is found quite close to that obtained by LEFM. | Sachin KUMAR A.S. SHEDBALE I. V. SINGH B.K. MISHRA | 2015 | Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering2015，9，4： | 0 |
| 20 | A new coupled model for alloy solidification显示文摘A new coupled model in the binary alloy solidification has been developed. The model is based on the cellular automaton (CA)technique to calculate the evolution of the interface governed by temperature, solute diffusion and Gibbs-Thomson effect. The diffusion equation of temperature with the release of latent heat on the solid/liquid (S/L) interface is valid in the entire domain.The temperature diffusion without the release of latent heat and solute diffusion are solved in the entire domain. In the interface cells, the energy and solute conservation, thermodynamic and chemical potential equilibrium are adopted to calculate the temperature, solid concentration, liquid concentration and the increment of solid fraction. Compared with other models where the release of latent heat is solved in implicit or explicit form according to the solid/liquid (S/L) interface velocity, the energy diffusion and the release of latent heat in this model are solved at differentscales, I.e. The macro-scale and micro-scale. The variation ofsolid fraction in this model is solved using several algebraicrelations coming from the chemical potential equilibrium andthermodynamic equilibrium which can be cheaply solved insteadof the calculation of S/L interface velocity. With the assumptionof the solute conservation and energy conservation, the solidfraction can be directly obtained according to the thermodynamicdata. This model is natural to be applied to multiple (>2)spatial dimension case and multiple (>2) component alloy. Themorphologies of equiaxed dendrite are obtained in numericalexperiments. | LI Daming LI Ruo ZHANG Pingwen | 2004 | Science China Mathematics2004，47，z1： | 0 |
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