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| 1 | Improvement on Mixograph test through water addition and parameter conversions显示文摘To improve Mixograph testing effect, Farinograph measurements were adopted as a quality standard and changes in water absorption and parameter conversion in Mixograph test were explored. Comparative study showed that increasing water absorption to about 73% and converting original parameters to compound parameters in Mixograph tests significantly increased their predictive power for flour quality. These efforts also enabled the adoption of fixed water addition level in Mixograph test and simplified the test procedure significantly. With the success in parameter conversions, Mixograph test results were successfully described by Farinograph parameters, which allow breeders to compare and exchange test results easily. All these changes optimized the official method of Mixograph test with simplified procedure and enhanced reliability and made the Mixograph being the superior tool for quality assessment in wheat-breeding programs. | SUN Jia-zhu YANG Wen-long LIU Dong-cheng ZHAO Jun-tao LUO Guang-bin LI Xin LIU Yan-jun GU O Jin-kao ZHANG Ai-min | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，9： | 6 |
| 2 | Two unisexual artificial polyploid clones constructed by ge-nome addition of common carp(Cyprinus carp)and crucian carp(Carassius auratus)显示文摘A polyploid hybrid fish with natural gynogenesis can prevent segregation and maintain their hybrid vigor in their progenies. Supposing the reproduction mode of induced polyploid fish being natural gynogenesis, allopolyploid hybrid between common carp and crucian carp into allo-polyploid was performed. The purpose of this paper is to describe a lineage from sexual diploid carp transforming into allotriploid and allotetraploid unisexual clones by genome addition. The dip-loid hybrid between common carp and crucian carp reproduces an unreduced nucleus consisting of two parental genomes. This unreduced female pronucleus will fuse with male pronucleus and form allotriploid zygote after penetration of related species sperms. Allotriploid embryos grow nor-mally, and part of female allotriploid can produce unreduced mature ova with three genomes. Ma-ture ova of most allotriploid females are provided with natural gynogenetic trait and their nuclei do not fuse with any entrance sperm. All female offspring are produced by gynogenesis of allotriploid egg under activation of penetrating sperms. These offspring maintain morphological traits of their allotriploid maternal and form an allotetraploid unisexual clone by gynogenetic reproduction mode. However, female nuclei of rare allotriploid female can fuse with penetrating male pronuclei and result in the appearance of allotetraploid individuals by means of genome addition. All al-lotetraploid females can reproduce unreduced mature eggs containing four genomes. Therefore, mature eggs of allotetraploid maintain gynogenetic trait and allotetraploid unisexual clone is pro-duced under activation of related species sperms. | 吴清江 叶玉珍 董新红 | 2003 | Science China(Life Sciences)2003，46，6： | 4 |
| 3 | The Meiotic Behavior of an Alien Chromosome in Triticum aestivum-Haynaldia villosa Monosomic Addition Lines显示文摘By the combination of cytological analysis and using genomic in situ hybridization technique to identify an alien chromosome in wheat-Haynaldia villosa monosomic addition lines, we studied the meiotic behavior of the alien chromosome. The results indicated that the frequency of bivalent pairing was lower than the value expected in PMCs of two monosomic addition lines, the frequency of wheat chromosomes unpairing increased, and the wheat homologous chromosome pairing was interfered with by the added chromosome 6V at metaphase I. The chromosome 6V lagged in 20.3% -29.3% of PMCs, sister chromatids 6V early divided in 29.0% - 34.1% of PMCs, the single chromosome 6V in 18.2% - 26.1% of PMCs went to a pole randomly,the breakage frequency of chromosome 6V was 1.2% - 2.9%. Meanwhile, it was also found that several wheat chromosomes showed earlier division, lagging and breakage in a few PMCs. It revealed that the added chromosome 6V influenced the behavior of wheat chromosomes at anaphase. It was also found that the translocation was produced between 6V and wheat chromosomes in 1.2% of PMCs. It offered evidence for translocation between wheat and Haynaldia villosa 6V chromosomes. | LI Rui-fen, LIANG Hong-xia and ZHAO Mao-lin(Beijing Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center , Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences , Beijing 100089 , P.R. China) | 2002 | Agricultural Sciences in China2002，1，4： | 1 |
| 4 | Chiral tetrahedral complex catalyzing asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde显示文摘The optical active alkyne-bridged Mo-Co heterometal complexes are synthesized by the chiral phase transfer catalyst (N-benzylcinchorin chloride) induced metal exchange reaction. The complex is used as catalyst to promote the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The ee value of the product alcohol is 5.7%, which illustrates the asymmetric induction of the tetrahedral framework chirality in asymmetric catalysis reaction for the first time. | 张伟强 陈立仁 殷元骐 韩小茜 | 2002 | Science China Chemistry2002，45，5： | 1 |
| 5 | MOTIONS OF ALLOYING ADDITIONS IN GAS STIRRED LADLES显示文摘A mathematical model has been developed to analyze the flow patterns and subsurface trajectories of spherical shaped particles (alloy additions) in gas stirring ladles. First, a numerical method to solve fluid flow problems in conjunction with a curvilinear coordinate system is proposed. The internal boundary in flow field, which must be designated in the cylindrical polar coordinate system, can be avoided by using body- fitted coordinate system (BFC). Consequently, computed flow of molten steel and paths of alloying additions are able to cross smoothly the geometric centerline of cylindrical vessel. Second, motion of particles is calculated in the three-dimensional coordinate system, the modification of parameters, such as the drag coefficient and density in the gas plume region, is examined. When the density of sphere is closer and closer to that of fluid, the path of motion is longer and longer. If the plug is moved off-centered to the half of radius, the path of sphere is prolonged, and the sphere may go through the geometric centerline of vessel, reach the deeper region. The immersed depths increase with increasing entry velocities. | S.C. Fan, B.K. Li and J.C. He Department of Thermal Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China | 2001 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2001，14，5： | 0 |
| 6 | Effect of excess Y_2O_3 addition on the physical properties of melt processed YBCO bulks显示文摘The YBCO superconductors with Y2O3 addition were prepared by a modified melt textured process and the effects of excess Y2O3 addition on the physical properties of melt textured YBCO have been investigated. It is found that the melt temperature of YBCO samples decreases drastically with the increasing Y2O3, and the maximum levitation forces are drastically different for samples with different Y2O3 addition. It is also found that the optimal Y2O3 addition to YBCO is about 10wt%. Considering the microstructure and the starting composition, the results are well discussed and interpreted. | YANG Wanmin1,2,3, ZHOU Lian2, FENG Yong2, ZHANG Pingxiang2, WU Minzhi3 & W. GAWALEK3 1. Department of Physics, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi抋n 710062, China 2. Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research. Xi抋n 710016, China 3. Institute fur Physikalische Hochtechnologie e.V(IPHT), Jena, Germany Correspondence should be addressed to Yang Wanmin (email: wm-yang@sohu.com) Received June 27, 2003 | 2004 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2004，47，1： | 0 |
| 7 | ITSTUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF UREA ON THE COMPATIBILITY OF PMMA/PVC MIXTURES IN DMF BY A DILUTE- SOLUTION VISCOMETRY METHOD显示文摘The interaction between poly(methymethacrylate) (PMMA) and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) has been studied in dilute urea solutions of dimethylformamide (DMF) at 28℃ using a dilute solution viscometry method. The results show that the polymer mixtures are compatible in DMF solution in the absence of urea. The influence of urea addition on the degree of compatibility of the polymer mixtures has been studied in terms of the compatibility parameters (Abm and A[r]m). It was found that the compatibility of the polymer mixtures is decreased with increasing urea addition, passing through a minimum at 0.5 M urea. | RajaiBaraka JamilK.J.Salem HaniHilles OmarMelad | 2002 | Chinese Journal of Polymer Science2002，20，5： | 0 |
| 8 | Syntheses and Br…π supramolecular interactions in the crystal structure of ipriflavone bromides显示文摘Two novel compounds,3,8-dibromo-2-methoxyl-7-isopropoxyisoflavanone (1) and 3,6-dibromo-2-methoxyl-7-isopropoxyisoflavanone (2),are synthesized via bromination reaction of their precursor ipriflavone in methanol.The mixture of 1 and 2 co-crystallizes in ethanol and forms two different crystal shapes,the shape of 1 being block and 2 prism,they can be separated manually.1 and 2 are characterized by IR,1H NMR and single crystal X-ray diffraction.The mechanism of bromination reaction is also discussed.1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P 21/n with cell parameters a = 1.3569(3) nm,b = 0.6706(2) nm,c = 2.0704(4) nm,?= 97.50(2)°,V = 1.8678(6) nm3,Z = 4,Dc = 1.672 Mg/m3,R = 0.0455,wR = 0.0779,F(000) = 936.2 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P 21/c with cell parameters a =1.3854(17) nm,b = 1.1215(14) nm,c = 1.3038(17) nm,? = 103.71(2)°,V = 1.968(4) nm3,Z = 4,Dc = 1.587 Mg/m3,R = 0.0306,wR = 0.0619,F(000) = 936.The Br…p interactions,hydrogen bonds,aromatic hy-drogen bonds and aromatic stacking interactions exist in the crystal structures of 1 and 2,which lead them into supramolecular compounds with a three-dimensional network structure,respec-tively.1 and 2 are the isoflavanone derivatives halogenated at C3 and this kind of isoflavanone halides has not been reported yet. | ZHANG Zunting WANG Xiaobing | 2005 | Science China Chemistry2005，48，4： | 0 |
| 9 | New Processes for Annulation显示文摘 | Liu Hsing-Jang | 2004 | 合成化学2004，12，z1： | 0 |
| 10 | The asymmetric addition of phenylacetylene to aldehydes显示文摘 | Wang Rui Xu Zhaoqing Kang Yongfeng Zhou Yifeng Chen Chao Yan Wenjin Xu Jiangke Miao Mingbo Liu Lei | 2004 | 合成化学2004，12，z1： | 0 |
| 11 | Enantioselective Alkynylation of Benzaldehyde Catalyzed by New Chiral Lewis Acid Ligand: Zinc-Amide Complex显示文摘 | Kang Yong-feng , Wang Rui 1 ?1,2 , Liu Lei1, Yan Wen-jin , Xu Zhao-qing , Zhou Yifeng , Chen Chao1, 1 1 1 Tang Ning Xu Jiangke 1 1. Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China 2. State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China | 2004 | 合成化学2004，12，z1： | 0 |
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