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| 1 | Hybridizing grey wolf optimization with differential evolution for global optimization and test scheduling for 3D stacked SoC显示文摘A new meta-heuristic method is proposed to enhance current meta-heuristic methods for global optimization and test scheduling for three-dimensional(3D) stacked system-on-chip(SoC) by hybridizing grey wolf optimization with differential evolution(HGWO). Because basic grey wolf optimization(GWO) is easy to fall into stagnation when it carries out the operation of attacking prey, and differential evolution(DE) is integrated into GWO to update the previous best position of grey wolf Alpha, Beta and Delta, in order to force GWO to jump out of the stagnation with DE's strong searching ability. The proposed algorithm can accelerate the convergence speed of GWO and improve its performance.Twenty-three well-known benchmark functions and an NP hard problem of test scheduling for 3D SoC are employed to verify the performance of the proposed algorithm. Experimental results show the superior performance of the proposed algorithm for exploiting the optimum and it has advantages in terms of exploration. | Aijun Zhu Chuanpei Xu Zhi Li Jun Wu Zhenbing Liu | 2015 | Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics2015，26，2： | 83 |
| 2 | Estimation on the response of glaciers in China to the global warming in the 21st century显示文摘Glaciers in China can be categorized into 3 types, i.e. the maritime (temperate) type, sub-continental (sub-polar) type and extreme Continental (polar) type, which take 22%, 46% and 32% of the total existing glacier area (59 406 km2) respectively. Researches indicate that glaciers of the three types show different response patterns to the global warming. Since the Maxima of the Little Ice Age (the 17th century), air temperature has risen at a magnitude of 1.3℃on average and the glacier area decreased corresponds to 20% of the present total glacier area in western China. it is estimated that air temperature rise in the 2030s, 2070s and 2100s will be of the order of 0.4-1.2, 1.2-2.7 and 2.1-4.0 K in western China. With these scenarios, glaciers in China will suffer from further shrinkage by 12%, 28% and 45% by the 2030s, 2070s and 2100s. The uncertainties may account for 30%-67% in 2100 in China. | SHI Yafeng & LIU Shiyin Laboratory of Ice Core and Cold Regions Environment, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，7： | 71 |
| 3 | 资源型城市工业绿色转型发展测度——基于全国108个资源型城市的面板数据分析显示文摘在资源环境约束下,资源型城市工业绿色高质量发展是必然选择,而工业绿色转型的水平则与之息息相关。本文基于2009-2016年108个资源型城市的面板数据,利用全局Super-SBM模型与Global Malmquist-Luenberger指数从静态与动态相结合的视角测度了资源型城市的工业绿色转型。研究表明,资源型城市工业绿色转型效率整体水平较低,但具逐步改善趋势,其中成长型城市>再生型城市>成熟型城市>衰退型城市;而资源型城市的平均绿色全要素生产率为1.057,呈现出再生型城市>衰退型城市>成熟型城市>成长型城市的特征;其中技术效率为1.006、技术进步为1.0512,增长主要源于技术进步,技术效率改善不明显。政府应对资源型城市工业绿色转型加大资金与政策扶持,引导和鼓励工业绿色改造与创新,提高工业绿色化水平。此外,应重点推进对资源型城市工业绿色转型发展需要进行分类指导,以此提高政策实施的准确性。 | 肖滢 卢丽文 | 2019 | 财经科学2019，0，9： | 62 |
| 4 | The compositions,sources,and size distribution of the dust storm from China in spring of 2000 and its impact on the global environment显示文摘The average mass concentration of the aerosols in Beijing during the dust storm in the spring of 2000 was -6000 μg · m-3, -30 times as high as that in the non-dust storm days. The enrichment factors of the pollution elements As, Sb and Se were higher than those in the non-dust storm days. This indicated that As, Sb and Se resulted from the pollution sources of those areas, through which the dust storm passed during their long-range transport, in addition to the local pollution sources in Beijing. The enrichment factors of the Pb, Zn, Cd and Cu were much less than those in the non-dust storm days, suggesting that the local pollution sources in Beijing area contributed to them mostly. The enrichment factors of elements Al, Fe, Sc, Mn, Na, Ni, Cr, V and Co were close to 1, showing that these elements originated from crust. The concentration of S in the dust storm was -10 μg · m-3,4 times as high as that in non-dust storm. S in the aerosols resulted from the adsorption of gaseous SO2 and the consequent | Guoshun Zhuang Jinghua Guo Hui Yuan Chengyi Zhao | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，11： | 44 |
| 5 | Soil carbon pool in China and its global significance显示文摘SoilcarbonpoolinChinaanditsglobalsignificance￥FangJingyun,LiuGuohua,XuSongling(ResearchCenterforEco-EnvironmentalScience,Chin... | Fang Jingyun, Liu Guohua, Xu Songling(Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, ChineseAcademy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China) | 1996 | Journal of Environmental Sciences1996，8，2： | 46 |
| 6 | Loess in the Tian Shan and its implications for the development of the Gurbantunggut Desert and drying of northern Xinjiang显示文摘Eolian loess is widely distributed on the various geomorphic surfaces between 700-2400 m a.s.l. on the northern slope of the Tian Shan. It is formed in a synchronous manner with dust transported from the Gurbantunggut Desert in the Junggar Basin. The thickest section of loess was found in the Shawan and Shihezi regions. Paleomagnetic and climatic proxy analyses of over 71 m of a loess-paleosol sequence on the highest terrace of the Qingshui He (River) in the Shawan show that the paleomagnetic Bruhues/Matuy-ama (B/M) boundary lies at the bottom of paleosol S8, at a depth of 69.5 m, and the bottom of the sequence was estimated to be -0.8 Ma. This implies that the extremely dry climatic conditions in the Junggar Basin and the initial Gurbantunggut Desert were present at least by 0.8 Ma. High-resolution grain size series demonstrate that this area and desert expansion experienced two dramatic periods of desert expansions that occurred at -0.65 Ma and 0.5 Ma, respectively; and the subsequent continuous | FANG Xiaomin SHI Zhentao YANG Shengli YAN Maodu LI Jijun JIANG Ping’an | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，16： | 33 |
| 7 | GPS PPP技术用于滑坡监测的试验与结果分析显示文摘为了研究全球定位系统(GPS)精密单点定位(PPP)技术用于滑坡等地质灾害监测时可能达到的精度和可靠性等问题,结合某类滑坡的大型物理模型试验,在滑坡体上布设了若干GPS监测点进行连续实时动态监测,利用PPP技术对该滑坡从稳定、开始滑动直至产生破坏的全过程监测数据进行了处理与分析,并与GPS单历元差分定位、载波相位实时差分定位技术监测结果进行了对比。结果表明:GPS PPP技术监测结果的内符合精度约为10 mm,外符合精度约为40 mm,且GPS PPP技术具有一些差分GPS无法比拟的优势,如无需基准站支持、作业成本低、效率高、可直接获取监测点在国际地球参考框架下的绝对坐标等。该技术完全可用于滑坡等地质灾害的实时动态监测和预警。 | 王利 张勤 黄观文 涂锐 张双成 | 2014 | 岩土力学2014，35，7： | 31 |
| 8 | 中国农业全要素生产率增长及其时空分异显示文摘本文利用1978~2011年分省面板数据与Global Malmquist指数对种植业全要素生产率增长及其成分变动进行了分析,主要研究结论有:(1)农业全要素生产率增长显著且主要由技术进步推动,技术效率总体上呈退步趋势;(2)生产率增长的地区差异与省际分化明显,东部地区增长最快且多数东部省份增速较快,中部地区增长最慢且多数中西部省份增速较慢。主要研究启示有:(1)理论上,随着DEA测算技术的不断进步,对农业TFP的理解也不断深入;(2)实践中,必须切实地解决农业技术效率低下问题,以便更加有效地推动农业TFP的增长。 | 杜江 | 2015 | 科研管理2015，36，5： | 31 |
| 9 | A GIS-aided response model of high-altitude permafrost to global change显示文摘Two models are used to simulate the high-altitude permafrost distribution on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. The two models are the 'altitude model', a Gaussian distribution function used to describe the latitudinal zonation of permafrost based on the three-dimensional rules of high-altitude permafrost, and the 'frost number model', a dimensionless ratio defined by manipulation of freezing and thawing degree-day sums. The results show that the 'altitude model' can simulate the high-altitude permafrost distribution under present climate conditions accurately. Given the essential hypotheses and using the GCM scenarios from HADCM2, the 'altitude model' is used for predicting the permafrost distribution change on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. The results show that the permafrost on the plateau will not change significantly during 20—50 a, the percentage of the total disappeared area will not be over 19%. However, by the year 2099, if the air temperature increases by an average of 2.91℃ on the plateau, the | 李新 程国栋 | 1999 | Science China Earth Sciences1999，42，1： | 27 |
| 10 | ASYMPTOTIC ERROR EXPANSION AND DEFECT CORRECTION FOR SOBOLEV AND VISCOELASTICITY TYPE EQUATIONS显示文摘In this paper we study the higher accuracy methods-the extrapolation and defect correction for the semidiscrete Galerkin approximations to the solutions of Sobolev and viscoelasticity type equations. The global extrapolation and the correction approximations of third order, rather than the pointwise extrapolation results are presented. | Qun Lin Shu-hua Zhang Ning-ning Yan(Institute of Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China) | 1998 | Journal of Computational Mathematics1998，16，1： | 28 |
| 11 | 中国绿色全要素生产率的地区差距及其结构分解显示文摘随着中国经济高质量发展以及绿色发展理念贯彻落实,绿色全要素生产率成为未来经济增长的主导力量,地区之间的竞争将发展为绿色全要素生产率之间的竞争,地区经济发展差距将更多体现为绿色全要素生产率增长的差距。本文在运用全局(global)Luenberger生产率指标测算绿色全要素生产率的基础上,根据绿色全要素生产率的结构组成,首次采用方差分解方法构建绿色全要素生产率地区差距成因的双角度分解模型,并应用于中国2000-2015年绿色全要素生产率地区差距的分析。研究发现:相比技术效率,技术进步的差距对绿色全要素生产率地区间差距的贡献率为69.19%,对东部、中部、西部和东北地区内差距的贡献率为57.66%、73.33%、81.73%和144.64%;基于要素角度,污染治理生产率的差距是导致绿色全要素生产率地区差距形成的主要原因,对地区间差距的贡献率为64.28%,对东部、中部、西部和东北地区内差距的贡献率为63.96%、64.94%、59.10%和57.88%;通过进一步细分要素可知,劳动投入生产率的差距不仅对绿色全要素生产率地区间差距作用最大,而且对东部和东北地区内差距的影响占据绝对地位,贡献率为19.27%、19.02%和19.65%,驱动中西部地区内绿色全要素生产率差距形成的主导因素是工业废气治理生产率,贡献率为20.24%、20.74%。 | 刘华军 李超 | 2018 | 上海经济研究2018，0，6： | 28 |
| 12 | 增长与收缩——珠三角城市经济韧性的测度与影响因素(英文)显示文摘In the aftermath of the global financial crisis of 2008, China witnessed gradual shrinkage of cities in the Pearl River Delta(PRD). In this study, we introduce the concept of economic resilience to analyse urban growth and shrinkage in the context of a rapidly-urbanising region. Multiple regression analysis is performed to explore the determinants of economic resilience in the PRD. By measuring resistance in the shrinking phase and recoverability in the growing phase in a group of cities in the PRD, this study distinguishes four scenarios and investigates their characteristics from a spatial perspective. The results demonstrate that the financial crisis had a severe and asymmetric influence on this area, indicating more than 15% of cities are faced with shrinking. The spatial distribution of economic resilience indicates a centre-periphery pattern, that is, high economic resilience in the inner ring and low economic resilience in the outer ring of the PRD. The service economy is found to play a significant role in promoting urban economic resilience. Results imply that sound economic policies for enhancing resilience: both poor local financial status and a high degree of export concentration adversely impact resistance, while upgrading the manufacturing economy and stimulating of industrial innovation are conducive to improve recoverability. | 杜志威 张虹鸥 叶玉瑶 金利霞 徐茜 | 2019 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2019，29，8： | 27 |
| 13 | 再论中产阶级:理论、历史与类型学 兼及一种全球化的视野显示文摘The emergence of the middle class was closely related to the appearance of industrial society and its consequential constant changes in the social structure. Karl Marx and other theorists in the same camp were among the earliest scholars who discussed that topic. For a quite long period of time, the debate was mainly focused on the characteristics of the “new middle class.” The middle class, however, has undergone a categorical transformation from the old to the new middle-class, and furthermore, this transformation itself has signified the transition in social patterns from industrial to post-industrial society as well as economic globalization, both of which have contributed to the growth and global expansion of the middle class, having thus fundamentally renovated the middle class. | 周晓虹 | 2005 | 社会2005，25，4： | 26 |
| 14 | “Global Region”结构与重构研究——以长三角地区为例显示文摘考虑到全球城市体系由“树枝纵向结构”向“网络状横向结构”的转变,同济大学吴志强教授在我国首先提出了“Global Regions(GRs)”的概念,认为GRs从区域协调的角度较好的解决了大都市带来的一些城市社会经济问题, 这是一种城市要素集聚的新形态。GRs 也是在城市之间竞争向以区域为主的竞争演变的背景下提出的一种新的城市区域发展模式和形态。选取长江三角洲地区作为中国比较典型的GRs作为实证研究的对象,进行长三角地区静态区域结构格局和动态区域结构重构的分析,同时就重构的动力机制从地方化、全球化角度进行探讨。 | 于涛方 吴志强 | 2006 | 城市规划学刊2006，，2： | 26 |
| 15 | Characterizing the dynamics of soil organic carbon in grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau显示文摘Carbon dynamics of grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau may play an important role in regional and global carbon cycles. The CENTURY model (Version 4.5) is used to examine temporal and spatial variations of soil organic carbon (SOC) in grasslands on the Plateau for the period from 1960 to 2002. The model successfully simulates the dynamics of aboveground carbon and soil surface SOC at the soil depth of 0-20 cm and the simulated results agree well to the measurements. Examination of SOC for eight typical grasslands shows different patterns of temporal variation in different ecosystems in 1960-2002. The extent of temporal variation increases with the increase of SOC of ecosystem. SOC increases first and decreases quickly then during the period from 1990 to 2000. Spatially, SOC density obtained for the equilibrium condition declines gradually from the southeast to the northwest on the plateau and showed a high heterogeneity in the eastern plateau. The results suggest that (i) SOC den-sity in the alpine grasslands shows remarkable response to climate change during the 42 years, and (ii) the net carbon exchange rate between the alpine grassland ecosystems and the atmosphere increases from 1990 to 2000 as compared with that before 1990. | ZHANG YongQiang TANG YanHong JIANG Jie YANG YongHui | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，1： | 25 |
| 16 | Comparison of climatic threshold of geographical distribution between dominant plants and surface pollen in China显示文摘The geographical distribution of dominant plant species in China was georeferenced and climatic variables were interpolated into all grids.Accordingly,the percentage distributions of principal pollen taxa based on 1860 surface pollen sites in China were selected and the related climate values were interpolated with the same method. The geographical and climatic comparison between the two data-sets indicated that the climate threshold of most pollen taxa from surface pollen is coherent with plant distributions. The climatic envelopes of dominant plant are mostly accordant with those of pollen taxa at certain levels. However, some distinct offsets of the climate ranges exist between the two datasets for most pollen taxa identified at family level, such as Ericaceae,Asteraceae, Poaceae and Chenopodiaceae. The present study provides for the first time rich information on temperature and precipitation in relation to pollen and plant distribution based on the datasets on a continental scale useful for global ecological modeling and Quaternary palaeoclimate reconstruction. | CHEDDADI Rachid BEAUDOUIN Celia | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，8： | 26 |
| 17 | The prospects for China''s food security and imports: Will China starve the world via imports?显示文摘China's food supply and demand have significant implications for both China's own national food security and that of the world. This study reviews China's food security prospects and their implications, focusing on international trade in the coming decade. The results show that China's policies for ensuring food security will be enhanced and China will move to sustainable agriculture. Most studies anticipate that China will increase its food and feed imports in the coming decade. China's overall food self-sufficiency is likely to fall from 94.5% in 2015 to around 91% by 2025. The greatest increases in imports are likely to be soybean, maize, sugar, and dairy products. However, within the production capacity of the major exporting countries and of many food-importing developing countries, China's additional imports of 3 to 5% of its total food consumption in the coming decade are unlikely to threaten global food security. Indeed, the projected imports of feed and several foods could provide opportunities for many exporting countries to expand their production and save global resources. | HUANG Ji-kun WEI Wei CUI Qi XIE Wei | 2017 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2017，16，12： | 25 |
| 18 | Cereal area and nitrogen use efficiency are drivers of future nitrogen fertilizer consumption显示文摘At a global scale, cereal yields and fertilizer N consumption have increased in a near-linear fashion during the past 40 years and are highly correlated with one another. However,large differences exist in historical trends of N fertilizer usage and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE)among regions, countries, and crops. The reasons for these differences must be understood to estimate future N fertilizer requirements. Global nitrogen needs will depend on: (i) changes in cropped cereal area and the associated yield increases required to meet increasing cereal demand from population and income growth, and (ii) changes in NUE at the farm level. Our analysis indicates that the anticipated 38% increase in global cereal demand by 2025 can be met by a 30% increase in N use on cereals, provided that the steady decline in cereal harvest area is halted and the yield response to applied N can be increased by 20%. If losses of cereal cropping area continue at the rate of the past 20 years (-0.33% per year) and NUE cannot be increased substantially, a 60% increase in global N use on cereals would be required to meet cereal demand. Interventions to increase NUE and reduce N losses to the environment must be accomplished at the farm- or field-scale through a combination of improved technologies and carefully crafted local policies that contribute to the adoption of improved N management; uniform regional or national directives are unlikey to be effective at both sustaining yield increases and improving NUE. Examples from several countries show that increases in NUE at rates of 1% per year or more can be achieved if adequate investments are made in research and extension. Failure to arrest the decrease in cereal crop area and to improve NUE in the world's most important agricultural systems will likely cause severe damage to environmental services at local, regional, and global scales due to a large increase in reactive N load in the environment. | Achim Dobermann Kenneth G.Cassman | 2005 | Science China(Life Sciences)2005，48，z2： | 24 |
| 19 | The global nitrogen cycle:Past,present and future显示文摘Food and energy production converts N2 to reactive N species that cascade through environmental reservoirs and in the process impact human and ecosystem health. This presentation will examine the impact of increased N mobilization on the global N cycle by contrasting N distribution in the late-19th century with those of the late-20th century. The presentation will give a general overview of regional differences and will conclude with a projection of the global N cycle for 2050. | James N.Galloway | 2005 | Science China(Life Sciences)2005，48，z2： | 23 |
| 20 | The global image of the Moon obtained by the Chang'E-1:Data processing and lunar cartography显示文摘The global lunar image of the first phase of Chinese Lunar Exploration Program is the first image that covered all over the surface of the Moon. It will serve as a critical foundation for succeeding exploration and scientific research. In this paper, the acquisition, characteristics, and data quality of Chang'E-1 CCD image data are described in detail. Also described are the methodology and procedure of data processing. According to rule of planetary cartography, the image data have been processed, geometrically corrected, and then mosaicked and merged in a scale of 1:2.5 million. The results of data processing and charting show that the image data of Chang'E-1 CCD and their geometric precision meet the demand of charting a map in the scale of 1:2.5 million. The relative geometric positioning precision of the global image is better than 240 m, and the absolute geometric positioning precision is slightly better than that of the ULCN2005 and Clementine lunar basemap (V2.0). The plane positioning precision is approximately 100-1500 m. This global image proves to be the best global image of the Moon so far in terms of space coverage, image quality, and positioning precision. | LI ChunLai1, LIU JianJun1, REN Xin1, MOU LingLi1, ZOU YongLiao1, ZHANG HongBo1, Lü Chang1, LIU JianZhong1, ZUO Wei1, SU Yan1, WEN WeiBin1, BIAN Wei1, ZHAO BaoChang2, YANG JianFeng2, ZOU XiaoDuan1, WANG Min1, XU Chun1, KONG DeQing1, WANG XiaoQian1, WANG Fang1, GENG Liang1, ZHANG ZhouBin1, ZHENG Lei1, ZHU XinYing1, LI JunDuo1 & OUYANG ZiYuan11 National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China 2 Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710119, China | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，8： | 22 |
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