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| 1 | Design of a new dynamical core for global atmospheric models based on some efficient numerical methods显示文摘A careful study on the integral properties of the primitive hydrostatic balance equations for baroclinic atmosphere is carried out, and a new scheme todesign the global adiabatic model of atmospheric dynamics ispresented. This scheme includes a method of weighted equal-areamesh and a fully discrete finite difference method with quadraticand linear conservations for solving the primitive equationsystem. Using this scheme, we established a new dynamical corewith adjustable high resolution acceptable to the availablecomputer capability, which can be very stable without anyfiltering and smoothing. Especially, some important integralproperties are kept unchanged, such as the anti-symmetries of thehorizontal advection operators and the vertical convectionoperator, the mass conservation, the effective energy conservationunder the standard stratification approximation, and so on. Somenumerical tests on the new dynamical core, respectively regardingits global conservations and its integrated performances inclimatic modeling, incorporated with the physical packagesfrom the Community Atmospheric Model Version 2 (CAM2) of NationalCenter for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), are included. | WANG Bin, WAN Hui, Jl Zhongzhen, ZHANG Xin, YU Rucong, YU Yongqiang & LIU HongtaoState Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China Department of Computational Mathematics, Academy of Mathematics and System Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China | 2004 | Science China Mathematics2004，47，z1： | 92 |
| 2 | Metal organic frameworks derived single atom catalysts for electrocatalytic energy conversion显示文摘The development of efficient and cost-effective catalysts to catalyze a wide variety of electrochemical reactions is key to realize the large-scale applicati on of ren ewable and clean en ergy tech no logies.Owing to the maximum atom-utilization efficie ncy and unique electronic and geometric structures,single atom catalysts(SACs)have exhibited superior performance in various catalytic systems.Recently,assembled from the function alized orga nic lin kers and metal no des,metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)with ultrafi ne porosity have received treme ndous attention as precursors or self-sacrificing templates for preparing porous SACs.Here,the recent advances toward the synthesis strategies for using MOF precursors/templates to con struct SACs are systematically summarized with special emphasis on the types of central metal sites.The electrochemical applications of these recently emerged MOF-derived SACs for various energy-conversion processes,such as oxygen reduction/evolution reaction(ORR/OER),hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),and CO2 reduction reaction(CO2RR),are also discussed and reviewed.Fin ally,the curre nt challe nges and prospects regardi ng the developme nt of MOF-derived SACs are proposed. | Tingting Sun Lianbin Xu Dingsheng Wang Yadong Li | 2019 | Nano Research2019，12，9： | 63 |
| 3 | Energy balance closure at ChinaFLUX sites显示文摘Network of eddy covariance observation is measuring long-term carbon and water fluxes in contrasting ecosystems and climates. As one important reference of independently evaluating scalar flux estimates from eddy covariance, energy balance closure is used widely in study of carbon and water fluxes. Energy balance closure in ChinaFLUX was evaluated by statistical regression of turbulent energy fluxes (sensible and latent heat) against available energy (net radiation, soil heat flux, canopy heat storage) and the energy balance ratio (EBR) and the frequency distribution of relative errors of energy balance (δ). The trends of diurnal and seasonal variation of energy balance in ChinaFLUX were analyzed. The results indicated that the imbalance was prevalent in all observation sites, but there were little differences among sites because of the properties variation of sites. The imbalance was greater during nocturnal periods than daytime and closure was improved with friction velocity intensifying. Generally the results suggested that estimates of the scalar turbulent fluxes of sensible and latent heat were underestimated and/or that available energy was overestimated. Finally, we discussed certain factors that are contributed to the imbalance of energy, such as systematic errors associated with the sampling mismatch, systematic instrument bias, neglected energy sinks, low and high frequency loss of turbulent fluxes and advection of heat and water vapor. | LI Zhengquan, YU Guirui, WEN Xuefa, ZHANG Leiming, REN Chuanyou & FU Yuling Chinese Ecosystem Research Network Synthesis Research Center, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，z1： | 50 |
| 4 | A new principle of synthetic cascade utilization of chemical energy and physical energy显示文摘We propose a new principle of the cascade utilization of both chemical energy and physical energy in energy systems with the integration of chemical processes and thermal cycles. Particularly, a general equation of energy levels of substance, Gibbs free energy of chemical reaction and physical energy is explicitly founded. On the basis of this equation, a chemical-looping combustion and an indirect combustion are investigated. Furthermore, a mechanism of energy release, with the combination of decreasing the energy level of Gibbs free energy and upgrading the energy level of low or middle- temperature thermal energy, is clarified. The promising results obtained here establish a theoretical basis for the further investigation of multi-function systems in which energy and the environment are compatible, and create a new approach to improve the performance of traditional thermal cycles. | JIN Hongguang1, HONG Hui1,2, WANG Baoqun1,2, HAN Wei1,2 & LIN Rumou1,2 1. Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China 2. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China | 2005 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2005，48，2： | 35 |
| 5 | 基于LEAP的中国钢铁行业CO_2减排潜力分析显示文摘为了评估中国钢铁行业CO2减排潜力,利用长期能源替代规划系统(long range energy a lternatives p lann ingsystem,LEAP)软件建立了LEAPCh ina模型。用该模型模拟了3个不同情景下中国钢铁行业2000—2030年CO2排放量及相应的减排潜力。根据减排成本评估其可行性并识别重点减排技术。模拟结果表明,相对基准情景,当前政策情景和新政策情景下的年均CO2减排量分别为0.51亿t和1.07亿t,所需要的总的额外资金投入分别为93.4亿美元和809.49亿美元。因此,钢铁行业具有一定的CO2减排潜力,实现减排主要通过行业结构调整和技术进步。如果目前制定的政策措施得到有效实施,那么可以以较低的成本实现减排;但是进一步的减排受制于高昂的成本。 | 王克 王灿 吕学都 陈吉宁 | 2006 | 清华大学学报(自然科学版)2006，46，12： | 39 |
| 6 | 能源互联网系统用户侧冷热负荷预测模型研究显示文摘发展能源互联网系统是建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会的必然要求,用户侧负荷预测是能源互联网系统设计和运行的基础。以夏热冬冷地区典型非工业生产建筑为研究对象,依据传热学的基本原理,将影响建筑负荷的因素分为运行属性和自有属性两类,以运行属性参数为基准,自有属性参数为修正,依据主元解耦方法,建立了典型建筑冷热负荷计算快速预测模型,并验证了数学模型的准确性,结果表明:所提出的快速计算模型具有较高的精度,对能源互联网系统用户侧的能量管理、调节和输配提供参考。 | 陈飞翔 胥建群 王晨杨 宋震 刘明涛 | 2015 | 中国电机工程学报2015，35，14： | 35 |
| 7 | A scientometric review of biochar research in the past 20 years(1998-2018)显示文摘Biochar is the carbon-rich product obtained from the thermochemical conversion of biomass under oxygen-limited conditions.Biochar has attained extensive attention due to its agronomical and environmental benefits in agro-ecosystems.This work adopts the scientometric analysis method to assess the development trends of biochar research based on the literature data retrieved from the Web of Science over the period of 1998-2018.By analysing the basic characteristics of 6934 publications,we found that the number of publications grew rapidly since 2010.Based on a keyword analysis,it is concluded that scholars have had a fundamental recognition of biochar and preliminarily found that biochar application had agronomic and environmental benefits during the period of 1998-2010.The clustering results of keywords in documents published during 2011-2015 showed that the main research hotspots were“biochar production”,“biochar and global climate change”,“soil quality and plant growth”,“organic pollutants removal”,and“heavy metals immobilization”.While in 2016-2018,beside these five main research hotspots,“biochar and composting”topic had also received greater attention,indicating that biochar utilization in organic solid waste composting is the current research hotspot.Moreover,updated reactors(e.g.,microwave reactor,fixed-bed reactor,screw-feeding reactor,bubbling fluidized bed reactor,etc.)or technologies(e.g.,solar pyrolysis,Thermo-Catalytic Reforming process,liquefaction technology,etc.)applied for efficient energy production and modified biochar for environmental remediation have been extensively studied recently.The findings may help the new researchers to seize the research frontier in the biochar field. | Ping Wu Syed Tahir Ata-Ul-Karim Bhupinder Pal Singh Hailong Wang Tongliang Wu Cun Liu Guodong Fang Dongmei Zhou Yujun Wang Wenfu Chen | 2019 | Biochar2019，1，1： | 36 |
| 8 | Coordinated optimal dispatch and market equilibrium of integrated electric power and natural gas networks with P2G embedded显示文摘As power to gas(P2 G) technology gradually matures, the coupling between electricity networks and natural gas networks should ideally evolve synergistically.With the intent of characterizing market behaviors of integrated electric power and natural gas networks(IPGNs)with P2 G facilities, this paper establishes a steady-state model of P2 G and constructs optimal dispatch models of an electricity network and a natural gas network separately. In addition, a concept of slack energy flow(SEF) is proposed as a tool for coordinated optimal dispatch between the two networks. To study how the market pricing mechanism affects coordinated optimal dispatch in an IPGN, a market equilibrium-solving model for an IPGN is constructed according to game theory, with a solution based on the Nikaido-Isoda function. Case studies are conducted on a joint model that combines the modified IEEE 118-node electricity network and the Belgian 20-node gas network.The results show that if the game between an electric power company and a natural gas company reaches market equilibrium, not only can both companies maximize their profits, but also the coordinated operation of the coupling units, i.e., gas turbines and P2 G facilities, will contribute more to renewable energy utilization and carbon emission reduction. | Zexing CHEN Yongjun ZHANG Tianyao JI Zexiang CAI Licheng LI Zhiheng XU | 2018 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2018，6，3： | 37 |
| 9 | Numerical simulation of mechanisms of deformation,failure and energy dissipation in porous rock media subjected to wave stresses显示文摘The pore characteristics,mineral compositions,physical and mechanical properties of the subarkose sandstones were acquired by means of CT scan,X-ray diffraction and physical tests.A few physical models possessing the same pore characteristics and matrix properties but different porosities compared to the natural sandstones were developed.The 3D finite element models of the rock media with varied porosities were established based on the CT image processing of the physical models and the MIMICS software platform.The failure processes of the porous rock media loaded by the split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) were simulated by satisfying the elastic wave propagation theory.The dynamic responses,stress transition,deformation and failure mechanisms of the porous rock media subjected to the wave stresses were analyzed.It is shown that an explicit and quantitative analysis of the stress,strain and deformation and failure mechanisms of porous rocks under the wave stresses can be achieved by using the developed 3D finite element models.With applied wave stresses of certain amplitude and velocity,no evident pore deformation was observed for the rock media with a porosity less than 15%.The deformation is dominantly the combination of microplasticity(shear strain),cracking(tensile strain) of matrix and coalescence of the cracked regions around pores.Shear stresses lead to microplasticity,while tensile stresses result in cracking of the matrix.Cracking and coalescence of the matrix elements in the neighborhood of pores resulted from the high transverse tensile stress or tensile strain which exceeded the threshold values.The simulation results of stress wave propagation,deformation and failure mechanisms and energy dissipation in porous rock media were in good agreement with the physical tests.The present study provides a reference for analyzing the intrinsic mechanisms of the complex dynamic response,stress transit mode,deformation and failure mechanisms and the disaster mechanisms of rock media. | JU Yang1,2,WANG HuiJie1,YANG YongMing1,HU QinAng3 & PENG RuiDong1 1 State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining,Beijing Key Laboratory of Fracture and Damage Mechanics of Rock and Concrete,China University of Mining and Technology,Beijing 100083,China 2 Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering,University of Calgary,Calgary,Alberta,T2N 1N4,Canada 3 School of Environment and Civil Engineering,College of Engineering,Oklahoma State University,Stillwater,OK 74078,USA | 2010 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2010，53，4： | 32 |
| 10 | Perspective and Prospects for Rare Earth Permanent Magnets显示文摘Rare earth permanent magnets constitute a mature technology,but the shock of the 2011 rare earth crisis led to the re-evaluation of many ideas from the 1980s and 1990s about possible new hard magnets containing little or no rare earth(or heavy rare earth).Nd-Fe-B magnets have been painstakingly and skillfully optimized for a wide range of applications in which high performance is required at reasonable cost.Sm-Co is the material of choice when high-temperature stability is required,and Sm-Fe-N magnets are making their way into some niche applications.The scope for improvement in these basic materials by substitution has been rather thoroughly explored,and the effects of processing techniques on the microstructure and hysteresis are largely understood.A big idea from a generation ago-which held real potential to raise the record energy product significantly-was the oriented exchange-spring hard/soft nanocomposite magnet;however,it has proved very difficult to realize.Nevertheless,the field has evolved,and innovation has flourished in other areas.For example,electrical personal transport has progressed from millions of electric bicycles to the point where cars and trucks with electrical drives are becoming mainstream,and looks ready to bring the dominance of the internal combustion engine to an end.As the limitations of particular permanent magnets become clearer,ingenuity and imagination are being used to design around them,and to exploit the available mix of rare earth resources most efficiently.Huge new markets in robotics beckon,and the opportunities offered by additive manufacturing are just beginning to be explored.New methods of increasing magnet stability at elevated temperature are being developed,and integrated multifunctionality of hard magnets with other useful properties is now envisaged.These themes are elaborated here,with various examples. | J.M.D.Coey | 2020 | Engineering2020，6，2： | 31 |
| 11 | Energy analysis for damage and catastrophic failure of rocks显示文摘The development history and current state of studies on the characteristics and mechanisms of deformation and failure of rock materials were briefly reviewed from the viewpoint of energy.The main scope and the achievable objectives of the energy-based research system were expatiated.It was validated by experiments that the damage process of rocks can be well described by the rock damage evolution equation established based on energy dissipation.It was found from the uniaxial compression and biaxial compression tests that only a small proportion of the total input energy in hard rocks is dissipated before peak load and a large proportion in soft rocks is dissipated before peak load.For both hard and soft rocks,the energy dissipated after peak load accounts for a greater proportion.More energy would be required for rock failure under equal biaxial compression than under unequal biaxial compression.The total absorbed energy is different for rock failure under high-rate loading and low-rate loading.More fragmented failure pattern usually corresponds to higher energy absorption.The mesoscopic analysis on the damage and failure of bedded salt rocks showed that the energy dissipation is prominent and the total absorbed energy for rock failure is low when cracks propagate in the weak mud interlayer while it is contrary when cracks propagate in the salt rock.The energy accumulation,transfer,dissipation and release during the failure process of tunnel with impending failure under disturbance were analyzed theoretically based on the elastoplastic mechanics theory.Furthermore,the spatial distribution of energy dissipation and energy release of fractured rocks under unloading was simulated numerically.It was demonstrated that energy is likely to be released from the weakest surface under compression,which triggers the global failure of rocks. | XIE HePing 1,2,LI LiYun 2,1,JU Yang 2,PENG RuiDong 2 & YANG YongMing 2 1 Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China 2 State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining,Beijing Key Laboratory of Fracture and Damage Mechanics of Rock and Concrete,China University of Mining and Technology,Beijing 100083,China | 2011 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2011，54，S1： | 29 |
| 12 | Role of adipokines and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘Intrahepatic fat deposition has been demonstrated in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD). Genetic and environmental factors are important for the development of NAFLD. Diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension have been found to be closely associated with the incidence of NAFLD. Evi-dence suggests that obesity and insulin resistance are the major factors that contribute to the development of NAFLD. In comparing the factors that contribute to the buildup of excess calories in obesity, an imbalance of energy homeostasis can be considered as the basis. Among the peripheral signals that are generated to regulate the uptake of food, signals from adipose tissue are of major relevance and involve the maintenance of energy homeostasis through processes such as lipo-genesis, lipolysis, and oxidation of fatty acids. Advances in research on adipose tissue suggest an integral role played by adipokines in NAFLD. Cytokines secreted by adipocytes, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, transform-ing growth factor-β, and interleukin-6, are implicated in NAFLD. Other adipokines, such as leptin and adiponectin and, to a lesser extent, resistin and retinol binding protein-4 are also involved. Leptin and adiponectin can augment the oxidation of fatty acid in liver by activating the nuclear receptor super-family of transcription fac-tors, namely peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR)-α. Recent studies have proposed downregula-tion of PPAR-α in cases of hepatic steatosis. This re-view discusses the role of adipokines and PPARs with regard to hepatic energy metabolism and progression of NAFLD. | Vettickattuparambil George Giby Thekkuttuparambil Ananthanarayanan Ajith | 2014 | World Journal of Hepatology2014，6，8： | 30 |
| 13 | Optimal operation of electricity, natural gas and heat systems considering integrated demand responses and diversified storage devices显示文摘In recent years, the increasing penetration level of renewable generation and combined heat and power(CHP) technology in power systems is leading to significant changes in energy production and consumption patterns. As a result, the integrated planning and optimal operation of a multi-carrier energy(MCE) system have aroused widespread concern for reasonable utilization of multiple energy resources and efficient accommodation of renewable energy sources. In this context, an integrated demand response(IDR) scheme is designed to coordinate the operation of power to gas(P2 G) devices, heat pumps,diversified storage devices and flexible loads within an extended modeling framework of energy hubs. Subsequently, the optimal dispatch of interconnected electricity,natural gas and heat systems is implemented considering the interactions among multiple energy carriers by utilizing the bi-level optimization method. Finally, the proposed method is demonstrated with a 4-bus multi-energy systemand a larger test case comprised of a revised IEEE 118-bus power system and a 20-bus Belgian natural gas system. | Linna NI Weijia LIU Fushuan WEN Yusheng XUE Zhaoyang DONG Yu ZHENG Rui ZHANG | 2018 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2018，6，3： | 30 |
| 14 | Nutritional value of a partially defatted and a highly defatted black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens L.) meal for broiler chickens: apparent nutrient digestibility,apparent metabolizable energy and apparent ileal amino acid digestibility显示文摘Background: The study aimed to determine the apparent total tract digestibility coefficients(ATTDC) of nutrients, the apparent metabolizable energy(AME and AMEn) and the amino acid(AA) apparent ileal digestibility coefficients(AIDC)of a partially defatted(BSFp) and a highly defatted(BSFh) black soldier fly larvae meal. The experimental diets were: a basal diet and two diets prepared by substituting 250 g/kg(w/w) of the basal diet with BSFp or BSFh, respectively.Results: Significant differences were found between BSFp and BSFh meals for ATTDC of the nutrients: BSFp resulted more digestible than BSFh, except for ATTDC of CP which did not differed between meals, while a statistical trend was observed for ATTDC of DM and EE. The AME and AMEn values were significantly(P < 0.05) different between the two BSF meals, with higher levels for BSFp(16.25 and 14.87 MJ/kg DM, respectively). The AIDC of the AA in BSFp ranged from 0.44 to 0.92, while in BSFh they ranged from 0.45 to 0.99. No significant differences were observed for the AA digestibility(0.77 and 0.80 for BSFp and BSFh, respectively), except for glutamic acid, proline and serine that were more digestible in the BSFh meal(P < 0.05).Conclusions: Defatted BSF meals can be considered as an excellent source of AME and digestible AA for broilers with a better efficient nutrient digestion. These considerations suggested the effective utilization of defatted BSF larvae meal in poultry feed formulation. | Achille Schiavone Michele De Marco Silvia Martínez Sihem Dabbou Manuela Renna Josefa Madrid Fuensanta Hernandez Luca Rotolo Pierluca Costa Francesco Gai Laura Gasco | 2017 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2017，8，4： | 27 |
| 15 | Self-tuning virtual synchronous generator control for improving frequency stability in autonomous photovoltaic-diesel microgrids显示文摘This paper investigates the use of a virtual synchronous generator(VSG) to improve frequency stability in an autonomous photovoltaic-diesel microgrid with energy storage. VSG control is designed to emulate inertial response and damping power via power injection from/to the energy storage system. The effect of a VSG with constant parameters(CP-VSG) on the system frequency is analyzed. Based on the case study, self-tuning algorithms are used to search for optimal parameters during the operation of the VSG in order to minimize the amplitude and rate of change of the frequency variations. The performances of the proposed self-tuning(ST)-VSG, the frequency droop method, and the CP-VSG are evaluated by comparing their effects on attenuating frequency variationsunder load variations. For both simulated and experimental cases, the ST-VSG was found to be more efficient than the other two methods in improving frequency stability. | Rongliang SHI Xing ZHANG Chao HU Haizhen XU Jun GU Wei CAO | 2018 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2018，6，3： | 27 |
| 16 | Comparison of Energy Harvesting Systems for Wireless Sensor Networks显示文摘Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) offer an attractive solution to many environmental, security, and process monitoring problems. However, one barrier to their fuller adoption is the need to supply electrical power over extended periods of time without the need for dedicated wiring. Energy harvesting provides a potential solution to this problem in many applications. This paper reviews the characteristics and energy requirements of typical sensor network nodes, assesses a range of potential ambient energy sources, and outlines the characteristics of a wide range of energy conversion devices. It then proposes a method to compare these diverse sources and conversion mechanisms in terms of their normalised power density. | James M.Gilbert Farooq Balouchi | 2008 | International Journal of Automation and computing2008，5，4： | 25 |
| 17 | A generalized variational principle and theoretical model for magnetoelastic interaction of ferromagnetic bodies显示文摘The quantitative analysis shows that no theoretical model for 3-d magnetoelastic bodies, in literatures to date, can commonly simulate two kinds of distinct experimental phenomena on magnetoelastic interaction of ferromagnetic structures. This makes it difficult to effectively discribe the magnetoelastic mechanical behavior of structures with complex geometry, such as shells. Therefore, it is a key step for simulating magnetoelastic mechanical characteristics of structures with complex geometry to establish a 3-d model which also can commonly characterize the two distinct experimental phenomena. A theoretical model for three dimension magnetizable elastic bodies, which is commonly suitable for the two kinds of experimental phenomena on magnetoelastic interaction of ferromagnetic plates, is presented by the variational principle for the total energy functional of the coupling system of the 3-d ferromagnetic bodies. It is found that for the case of linear isotropic magnetic materials, the magnetic | 周又和 郑晓静 | 1999 | Science China Mathematics1999，42，6： | 26 |
| 18 | Effects of rare earth on inclusions and corrosion resistance of 10PCuRE weathering steel显示文摘The types, morphologies and distributions of nonmetallic inclusions in Cu-P weathering steels with and without rare earth were analyzed through a quantitative image analyzer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) attached to SEM. Solid-soluble content of rare earth in the steels was analyzed by non-aqua electroanalysis and ICP. The results showed that rare earth modified the types and the morphologies of inclusions in the weathering steels. The small spherical rare earth oxysulfides and rare earth sulphides replaced the elongated MnS inclusions in the RE weathering steels. The rare earth inclusions dispersedly distributed and most inclusions were smaller than 2 μm in size. The optimum content of RE was 0.0065%-0.016% for 10PCuRE weathering steels containing about 0.002% oxygen and 0.004% sulfur. Solid-soluble content of rare earth in steels was (14-20)×10-6, which can act as a micro-alloying element. The corrosion resistance of 10PCuRE weathering steels and Q235 were studied by dry-wet cyclic immersion test. Their corrosion rates were obtained respectively. The polarization curves and pitting corrosion behaviors of weathering steels with and without rare earth were measured by electrochemical methods. The corrosion resistance of Cu-P weathering steels was improved by adding an appropriate amount of rare earth. Less and fewer rare earth inclusions largely decreased pitting susceptibility and rate of pit propagation. The pitting potential and the resistance against pitting corrosion of the RE weathering steel were significantly improved due to the modification of rare earth to inclusions. | 岳丽杰 王龙妹 韩金生 | 2010 | Journal of Rare Earths2010，28，6： | 25 |
| 19 | A comprehensive review of Energy Internet: basic concept,operation and planning methods, and research prospects显示文摘With the intensifying energy crisis and environmental pollution, the Energy Internet and corresponding patterns of energy use have been attracting more and more attention. In this paper, the basic concept and characteristics of the Energy Internet are summarized, and its basic structural framework is analyzed in detail. On this basis,couplings between the electric power system and other systems such as the cooling and heating system, the natural gas system, and the traffic system are analyzed, and the operation and planning of integrated energy systems in both deterministic and uncertain environments are comprehensively reviewed. Finally, the research prospects and main technical challenges of the Energy Internet are discussed. | Yijia CAO Qiang LI Yi TAN Yong LI Yuanyang CHEN Xia SHAO Yao ZOU | 2018 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2018，6，3： | 25 |
| 20 | Blockchain: a secure, decentralized, trusted cyber infrastructure solution for future energy systems显示文摘Modern power systems are rapidly evolving into complex cyber-physical systems. The increasingly complex interaction among different energy entities calls for a secure, efficient, and robust cyber infrastructure. As an emerging distributed computing technology, Blockchain provides a secure environment to support such interactions.This paper gives a prospective on using Blockchain as a secure, distributed cyber infrastructure for the future grid.Firstly, the basic principles of Blockchain and its state-ofthe-art are introduced. Then, a Blockchain based smart grid cyber-physical infrastructure model is proposed. Afterwards, some promising application domains of Blockchain in future grids are presented. Following this, some potential challenges are discussed. | Zhaoyang DONG Fengji LUO Gaoqi LIANG | 2018 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2018，6，5： | 24 |
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