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| 1 | MdATG18a overexpression improves basal thermotolerance in transgenic apple by decreasing damage to chloroplasts显示文摘High temperature is an abiotic stress factor that threatens plant growth and development.Autophagy in response to heat stress involves the selective removal of heat-induced protein complexes.Previously,we showed that a crucial autophagy protein from apple,MdATG18a,has a positive effect on drought tolerance.In the present study,we treated transgenic apple(Malus domestica)plants overexpressing MdATG18a with high temperature and found that autophagy protected them from heat stress.Overexpression of MdATG18a in apple enhanced antioxidase activity and contributed to the production of increased beneficial antioxidants under heat stress.Transgenic apple plants exhibited higher photosynthetic capacity,as shown by the rate of CO_(2) assimilation,the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II(PSII),the effective quantum yield,and the electron transport rates in photosystems I and II(PSI and PSII,respectively).We also detected elevated autophagic activity and reduced damage to chloroplasts in transgenic plants compared to WT plants.In addition,the transcriptional activities of several HSP genes were increased in transgenic apple plants.In summary,we propose that autophagy plays a critical role in basal thermotolerance in apple,primarily through a combination of enhanced antioxidant activity and reduced chloroplast damage. | Liuqing Huo Xun Sun Zijian Guo Xin Jia Runmin Che Yiming Sun Yanfei Zhu Ping Wang Xiaoqing Gong Fengwang Ma | 2020 | Horticulture Research2020，7，1： | 9 |
| 2 | Progress of Apple Rootstock Breeding and Its Use显示文摘Apple rootstock breeding has achieved great progress worldwide.In this review,we first summarize the rootstock breeding targets and utilization in main apple-producing countries.Furthermore,we discuss the focus and important research areas of apple rootstock breeding through five aspects:parent selection and setting of crosses,target genes and marker-assisted breeding,root configuration-guided breeding,apomictic resource utilization,and the application of genetic engineering.Finally,we propose an apple rootstock division plan for China,which has a large potential to provide guidance for apple rootstock breeding and utilization in different apple-producing areas of China. | Yi Wang Wei Li Xuefeng Xu Changpeng Qiu Ting Wu Qinping Wei Fengwang Ma Zhenhai Han | 2019 | Horticultural Plant Journal2019，5，5： | 6 |
| 3 | 蚕豆自噬基因鉴定及响应干旱胁迫分析显示文摘【目的】根据转录组测序结果鉴定蚕豆自噬(Augophagy, ATG)基因,分析其对干旱胁迫的响应,为深入研究该类基因在干旱胁迫下的作用机制提供理论参考。【方法】利用蚕豆干旱胁迫转录组测序(RNA-seq)数据,根据swiss-port、NCBI、Ensemble等数据库的注释,筛选和鉴定蚕豆ATG基因;通过Smart、MEGA-X、MEME等软件进行保守结构域、亚细胞定位预测、系统发育树和motif等进行生物信息学分析。基于转录组数据,分析ATG基因在蚕豆CDAS105(耐旱)和鄂蚕1号(敏感)品种中干旱胁迫下的表达差异。【结果】筛选注释得到12个蚕豆ATG基因,均含有Autophagy结构域。根据C端结构域的不同将其分成5个亚族:ATG3、ATG6、ATG8、ATG18和ATG26。蚕豆ATG基因与拟南芥、玉米、水稻、酵母共同构建的进化树,发现同一C端结构域的基因聚集在一起。亚细胞定位预测结果显示:11个蚕豆ATG基因定位于细胞外,1个ATG蛋白定位于细胞质中。基因结构分析表明,蚕豆ATG家族基因的DNA序列中均无内含子,且均由UTR区和CDS区组成。保守基序分析鉴定出这些蛋白含有20个mortif。基于干旱胁迫转录组数据的ATG基因表达模式分析结果显示,ATG18b、ATG18c和ATG8a在干旱处理16或64 h后在抗旱品种中较敏感品种表达上调,且ATG8a在抗旱品种中随着干旱处理时间的增加表达进一步增强。【结论】从蚕豆中鉴定得到了12个ATG基因,分布于5个亚家族,ATG8a、ATG18b和ATG18c响应干旱胁迫,可以作为潜在的基因资源改良蚕豆种子萌发耐旱能力。 | 胡杨 刘昌燕 廖芳丽 李莉 陈宏伟 刘良军 韩雪松 万正煌 卢碧林 沙爱华 | 2021 | 西南农业学报2021，34，4： | 3 |
| 4 | Silencing MdGH3-2/12 in apple reduces drought resistance by regulating AM colonization显示文摘Drought leads to reductions in plant growth and crop yields.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF),which form symbioses with the roots of the most important crop species,alleviate drought stress in plants.In the present work,we identified 14 GH3 genes in apple(Malus domestica)and provided evidence that MdGH3-2 and MdGH3-12 play important roles during AM symbiosis.The expression of both MdGH3-2 and MdGH3-12 was upregulated during mycorrhization,and the silencing of MdGH3-2/12 had a negative impact on AM colonization.MdGH3-2/12 silencing resulted in the downregulation of five genes involved in strigolactone synthesis,and there was a corresponding change in root strigolactone content.Furthermore,we observed lower root dry weights in RNAi lines under AM inoculation conditions.Mycorrhizal transgenic plants showed greater sensitivity to drought stress than WT,as indicated by their higher relative electrolytic leakage and lower relative water contents,osmotic adjustment ability,ROS scavenging ability,photosynthetic capacity,chlorophyll fluorescence values,and abscisic acid contents.Taken together,these data demonstrate that MdGH3-2/12 plays an important role in AM symbiosis and drought stress tolerance in apple. | Dong Huang Qian Wang Zhijun Zhang Guangquan Jing Mengnan Ma Fengwang Ma Chao Li | 2021 | Horticulture Research2021，8，1： | 2 |
| 5 | 异源过表达蒺藜苜蓿MtATG7基因促进拟南芥抵抗碳氮饥饿胁迫显示文摘【目的】真核生物通过保守的自噬途径降解错误折叠的蛋白质或受损细胞器,实现对营养物质的循环再利用。本文旨在解析苜蓿自噬基因在植物应对营养胁迫中发挥的功能,为指导苜蓿的选育和改良提供参考。【方法】以自噬途径的关键限速基因ATG7(Autophagy-related gene 7)为切入点,分析ATG7氨基酸序列在不同植物中的相似性。利用蒺藜苜蓿Medicago truncatula的MtATG7基因过表达载体转化拟南芥植株,获得异源过表达植株35S::MtATG7和互补拟南芥突变体的atg7/35S::MtATG7植株,并对其抗胁迫表型和自噬活性进行分析。【结果】在碳饥饿条件下,atg7/35S::MtATG7能够挽救atg7突变体叶片早衰的表型;恢复到正常生长条件以后,35S::MtATG7和atg7/35S::MtATG7植株存活率和野生型相比都显著提高。GFP-ATG8e的剪切试验表明,atg7/35S::MtATG7能够恢复atg7突变体的自噬降解活性。在氮饥饿条件下过表达MtATG7同样能够减缓拟南芥叶片的衰老速度。【结论】异源过表达MtATG7能增强拟南芥碳氮饥饿抗性的生物学功能,本研究为进一步利用MtATG7基因改良苜蓿农艺性状提供了理论依据。 | 朱晓洁 王贤杰 杨明康 黄巍 陈亮 | 2023 | 华南农业大学学报2023，44，5： | 0 |
| 6 | 植物自噬与病原菌互作研究进展显示文摘自噬是真核生物进化过程中高度保守的降解过程,在植物防御及病原菌侵染过程中发挥重要作用。病原菌利用菌丝穿过自然孔口或微伤口侵入宿主细胞,建立病原菌—宿主植物互作关联,引发植物自噬响应。一方面,宿主植物利用自噬直接抵御病原菌侵害,增强植物抗病性;另一方面,宿主植物也可串扰其他信号转导事件,间接防御病原菌侵害。目前,关于植物自噬与病原菌互作方面的研究较少。本文中对近几年植物自噬与病原菌互作的相关研究进行综述,阐述植物与病原菌互作过程中宿主植物利用自噬对病原菌侵害进行直接防御,以及结合自噬与其他信号事件串扰间接抵御病原菌侵害,从植物抗病角度解析自噬参与调控的植物信号分子网络。 | 王云 张镇武 孙逊 张绍铃 | 2022 | 园艺学报2022，49，10： | 0 |
| 7 | Overexpression of auxin/indole-3-acetic acid gene MdIAA24 enhances Glomerella leaf spot resistance in apple(Malus domestica)显示文摘Auxin is throughout the entire life process of plants and is involved in the crosstalk with other hormones,yet its role in apple disease resistance remains unclear.In this study,we investigated the function of auxin/indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)gene Md IAA24 overexpression in enhancing apple resistance to Glomerella leaf spot(GLS)caused by Colletotrichum fructicola(Cf).Analysis revealed that,upon Cf infection,35S::Md IAA24 plants exhibited enhanced superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)activity,as well as a greater amount of glutathione(reduced form)and ascorbic acid accumulation,resulting in less H_(2)O_(2)and superoxide anion(O_(2)^(-))in apple leaves.Furthermore,35S::Md IAA24 plants produced more protocatechuic acid,proanthocyanidins B1,proanthocyanidins B2 and chlorogenic acid when infected with Cf.Following Cf infection,35S::Md IAA24 plants presented lower levels of IAA and jasmonic acid(JA),but higher levels of salicylic acid(SA),along with the expression of related genes.The overexpression of Md IAA24 was observed to enhance the activity of chitinase andβ-1,3-glucanase in Cfinfected leaves.The results indicated the ability of Md IAA24 to regulate the crosstalk between IAA,JA and SA,and to improve reactive oxygen species(ROS)scavenging and defense-related enzymes activity.This jointly contributed to GLS resistance in apple. | Qian Wang Dong Huang Wenyan Tu Fengwang Ma Changhai Liu | 2024 | Horticultural Plant Journal2024，10，1： | 0 |
| 8 | 自噬及其调控果蔬作物胁迫响应及衰老的研究进展显示文摘自噬是存在于真核生物体内的一种进化高度保守的细胞代谢途径。从酵母细胞到哺乳动物都依赖自噬来降解体内受损器官、组织等进行养分循环以维持细胞稳态以及适应环境变化。近年来,自噬在调控果蔬作物胁迫响应及衰老中的作用受到了人们广泛的关注。本文阐述了自噬(主要是巨自噬)的形成及检测方法,概括总结了自噬在果蔬作物响应外界环境胁迫及衰老中的作用及自噬的调控因子,以期为自噬调控果蔬作物胁迫响应及衰老的研究提供参考。 | 赵修明 闵德栋 张新华 李富军 李晓安 | 2021 | 植物生理学报2021，57，10： | 0 |
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