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| 1 | 云南不同矿区废弃地土壤肥力与重金属污染评价显示文摘取样测定了云南兰坪铅锌矿、开远煤矿、个旧锡矿废弃地土壤的营养元素(N、P、K、有机质)和重金属元素(Pb、Zn、Cu、Ni)的含量,并采用单项污染指数法和综合污染指数法评估了废弃地重金属污染状况。结果表明:(1)3个废弃地土壤肥力水平较低。全N、有效P、速效K,有机质等土壤肥力指标等级大都为Ⅲ和Ⅱ级;全P、全K、碱解N的含量很低,分别为0.015%~0.019%、0.12%~0.46%和4.99~38.05mg·kg-1。3个废弃地土壤肥力大小顺序为煤矿废弃地>锡矿废弃地>铅锌矿废弃地。(2)3个废弃地土壤全Pb22.99￣8816.34mg·kg-1,全Zn57.05￣36995.2mg·kg-1,全Cu60.42￣3339.69mg·kg-1,全Ni124.94￣656.11mg·kg-1;而有效态重金属含量很低,除铅锌矿废弃地有效Pb为166.56mg·kg-1外,其余都<50mg·kg-1。单项污染指数评价结果表明,铅锌矿废弃地污染指数Zn>Pb>Cu>Ni,锡矿废弃地污染指数Cu>Zn>Pb>Ni,且都达到重度污染程度,而煤矿废弃地仅Ni达到中度污染程度。综合污染指数评价结果表明,铅锌矿和锡矿废弃地重金属污染达到重度污染等级,而煤矿废弃地重金属污染为轻度污染等级。 | 雷冬梅 段昌群 王明 | 2007 | 农业环境科学学报2007，26，2： | 50 |
| 2 | 重金属污染土壤的修复与修复效果评价研究进展显示文摘随着工农业的迅速发展,土壤污染已经成为当今面临的一个重要环境问题,而土壤的重金属污染又是其中重要的部分。重金属污染土壤的修复方法主要有物理方法、化学方法、生物方法,并随着研究的深入,提出了联合修复方法。针对中国土壤重金属污染的来源、现状和各种修复方法的机理、优缺点、修复标准、修复后的评价方法以及国内外的研究进展情况展开讨论,并提出今后研究中存在的科学问题,对未来的发展进行了展望,以期对后续的重金属污染土壤的修复研究工作有所帮助。 | 徐磊 周静 崔红标 陶美娟 梁家妮 | 2014 | 中国农学通报2014，30，20： | 39 |
| 3 | Soil enzymatic activities and microbial community structure with different application rates of Cd and Pb显示文摘This study focused on the changes of soil microbial diversity and potential inhibitory effects of heavy metals on soil enzymatic activities at different application rates of Cd andor Pb. The soil used for experiments was collected from Beijing and classified as endoaquepts. Pots containing 500 g of the soil with different Cd andor Pb application rates were incubated for a period of 0, 2, 9, 12 weeks in a glasshouse and the soil samples were analyzed for individual enzymes, including catalase, alkaline phosphatase and dehydrogenase, and the changes of microbial community structure. Results showed that heavy metals slightly inhibited the enzymatic activities in all the samples spiked with heavy metals. The extent of inhibition increased significantly with increasing level of heavy metals, and varied with the incubation periods. The soil bacterial community structure, as determined by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis techniques, was different in the contaminated samples as compared to the control. The highest community change was observed in the samples amended with high level of Cd. Positive correlations were observed among the three enzymatic activities, but negative correlations were found between the amounts of the heavy metals and the enzymatic activities. | KHAN Sardar CAO Qing HESHAM Abd El-Latif XIA Yue HE Ji-zheng | 2007 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2007，19，7： | 28 |
| 4 | Effects of plant species coexistence on soil enzyme activities and soil microbial community structure under Cd and Pb combined pollution显示文摘The relationship between plant species coexistence and soil microbial communities under heavy metal pollution has attracted much attention in ecology.However,whether plant species coexistence could offset the impacts of heavy metal combined pollution on soil microbial community structure and soil enzymes activities is not well studied.The modified ecological dose model and PCR-RAPD method were used to assess the effects of two plant species coexistence on soil microbial community and enzymes activities subjected to Cd and Pb combined stress.The results indicated that monoculture and mixed culture would increased microbe populations under Cd and Pb combined stress,and the order of sensitivity of microbial community responding to heavy metal stress was:actinomycetes > bacteria > fungi.The respirations were significantly higher in planted soil than that in unplanted soil.The plant species coexistence could enhance soil enzyme activities under Cd and Pb combined.Furthermore,planted soil would be helpful to enhance soil genetic polymorphisms,but Cd and Pb pollution would cause a decrease on soil genetic polymorphisms.Mixed culture would increase the ecological dose 50%(ED50) values,and the ED50 values for soil enzyme activities decreased with increasing culture time.The dehydrogenase was most sensitive to metal addition and easily loses activity under low dose of heavy metal.However,it was difficult to fully inhibit the phoshpatase activity,and urease responded similarly with phosphatase. | Yang Gao Pei Zhou Liang Mao Yueer Zhi Chunhua Zhang Wanjun Shi | 2010 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2010，22，7： | 19 |
| 5 | 云南会泽铅锌矿区土壤理化与生物学性质显示文摘为评价云南会泽铅锌矿区不同区域土壤质量现状,通过野外采样与室内分析,调查了矿区矿渣堆(百年与近年)、废弃地(矿山采矿废弃地与冶炼厂周边废弃农田)、耕地(农田和菜园)的表层土壤,测定了土壤的理化与生物学性质.结果表明:(1)镉和铅是矿区重金属污染的主要元素;内梅罗综合污染指数法表明,矿渣堆和废弃地为重金属重度污染,耕地为轻度污染.(2)矿区土壤微生物数量为耕地>百年矿渣堆>废弃地>近年矿渣堆,土壤养分含量为耕地>废弃地>矿渣堆,土壤酶活性为耕地>废弃地和矿渣堆.(3)土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、碱解氮和速效磷的含量与蔗糖酶、脲酶的活性呈显著或极显著正相关.本研究表明铅锌矿区不同区域土壤的重金属污染、理化与生物学特性有明显差异. | 李敬伟 湛方栋 何永美 郭先华 李明锐 祖艳群 李元 | 2014 | 应用与环境生物学报2014，20，5： | 19 |
| 6 | Uptake, Distribution and Accumulation of Copper in Two Ecotypes of Elsholtzia显示文摘Two ecotypes of Elsholtzia, Elsholtzia splendens and E. Argyi, are dominant plants growing on Cu and Pb-Zn smelters, respectively. Samples of the two ecotypes and the corresponding soils from fields of a copper mining area and a Pb-Zn mining area of Zhejiang Province, China, were analyzed to investigate Cu or Zn tolerance of these two ecotypes. Effects of nine Cu levels (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, 240 and 320 mg Cu L-1 as CuSO4@SH20) on growth and uptake, translocation and accumulation of Cu in these two ecotypes were examined in a solution culture experiment. The experimental results showed that dry weights (DW) of shoots and roots were depressed, and growth of E. Splendens was less depressed tha n that of E. Argyi when treated with ≥ 5 mg Cu L-1. Concentrations of Cu in shoots of E. Splendens and E. Argyi exceeded 1 000 mg kg-1 DW at ≥ 40 mg Cu L-x. The maximum Cu accumulated in the shoots of Gu-treated E. Splendens and E. Argyi reached 101 and 142μg plant-1. Furthermore, analysis of plant samples from the fields showed that these two ecotypes can tolerant excess heavy metals and produced high dry matter, and E. Splendens can accumulate 11.7 mg Cu plant-1 grown on the Cu smelter. Therefore, E. Splendens and E. Argyi could be good plants for phytoremediation. | JIANGLi-Ying YANGXiao-E YEZheng-Qian SHIWei-Yong | 2003 | Pedosphere2003，13，4： | 16 |
| 7 | 矿冶区重金属污染土壤肥力特征及生态修复潜力分析显示文摘通过对湖南长沙、株洲、衡阳和郴州地区典型矿冶区周边64个土壤样品的调查分析,结果表明,与我国《土壤环境质量标准》(GB15618-1995)III级标准(pH6.5~7.5)比较,典型矿冶区周边土壤中As、Cd、Pb和Zn含量的超标率分别为75.8%、75.8%、66.1%和71.0%,表现为多重金属污染。废弃地土壤中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb和Zn含量显著高于菜地和水稻土壤中相应元素含量。典型矿冶区周边土壤整体呈酸性,质地较粘。土壤中有机质、碱解N、速效P、有效K含量范围分别为0.18~143g/kg、14.7~372、7.82~202、0.00~782mg/kg,其平均含量达到II级标准值的样品数分别占总样品数的93.7%、95.4%、100%和89.1%。土壤质地和肥力特征表明,典型矿冶区周边重金属污染土壤基本肥力总体水平较好,可以顺利开展其生态修复。 | 苗旭锋 肖细元 郭朝晖 杨淼 王凤永 | 2010 | 环境科学与技术2010，33，7： | 13 |
| 8 | 我国土壤重金属污染治理与修复综述显示文摘当前土壤重金属污染状况越来越严重,对受到重金属污染的土壤进行修复成为亟待解决的重要问题。本文首先对土壤重金属污染的来源进行探究,进而对土壤重金属污染修复技术的研究进展进行综述,最后探讨将来土壤重金属污染修复技术的发展趋势,提出一种新型的治理方法,以期为我国土壤污染修复技术发展、农业环境保护和政府管理部门决策提供借鉴。 | 王卫东 | 2016 | 小麦研究2016，37，2： | 5 |
| 9 | Effect of Heavy Metals on Phosphorus Retention by Typic Udic Ferrisols: Equilibrium and Kinetics显示文摘A study was conducted to examine the effect of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in combination or alone) on the equilibrium and kinetics of phosphorus (P) retention in typic udic ferrisols by using both equilibrium and flow techniques. Fourteen soil samples with varying artificial contamination of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd were prepared. Heavy metal pollution led to increases in retention capacity and maximum buffering capacity (MBC) of soil P. The rate of P retention was also increased and the time to reach equilibrium was advanced by heavy metals addition. The Elovich equation provided a satisfactory description of the P kinetic data. The influence of heavy metals on P retention was in the order of Pb>Cu>Zn, with greater effect in multiple metal pollution. These findings suggested that heavy metal pollution caused an increase in P fixation and thus a decline in P availability. Therefore, indirect influences of heavy metal contamination on soil nutrients may need more consideration when determining overall impact of heavy metals on soil environment. | TU CONG, ZHENG CHUNRONG and CHEN HUAIMAN LMCP, Institute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 821, Nanjing 210008 (China) | 2002 | Pedosphere2002，12，1： | 4 |
| 10 | 云南锡矿尾矿库土壤肥力特征与重金属污染分析显示文摘【目的】为研究云南个旧锡矿尾矿库(大屯选厂尾矿库、老厂尾矿库和黄茅山尾矿库)土壤基本肥力状况和重金属污染状况。【方法】在调查取样的基础上,进行了土壤理化性状与重金属含量分析,并计算单项污染指数及综合污染指数。【结果】个旧锡矿尾矿库土壤有机质缺乏,土壤碱解氮和速效钾含量甚缺乏,土壤速效磷含量丰富,土壤阳离子交换量水平中等;土壤重金属铅全量为557.14~5 479.58 mg/kg,镉全量为15.84~17.77 mg/kg,铬全量为20.91~65.72 mg/kg,铜全量为1 536.48~2 561.18mg/kg,锌全量为2 359.18~10 163.39 mg/kg;依据国家环境质量二级标准,单项污染指数表明,各尾矿库土壤中重金属Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn污染严重(Cr除外),污染程度排序为Cd>Cu>Zn>Pb。综合污染指数表明,尾矿库土壤重金属污染均为重度污染(大屯选厂>老厂>黄茅山)。【结论】该研究结果可以为锡矿尾矿库植被恢复与生态重建提供依据。 | 张德刚 袁寒 刘艳红 | 2017 | 西南农业学报2017，30，5： | 3 |
| 11 | 铜对土壤酶和碱解氮及甘蔗生长影响显示文摘【目的】研究土壤Cu浓度对土壤性状动态变化规律及甘蔗生长的影响,为农产品安全生产和重金属污染治理提供依据。【方法】以甘蔗为试验材料,采用盆栽法,设置不同土壤Cu浓度处理(44.15、61.65、79.15、86.65、94.15、269.15、444.15mg/kg),在甘蔗不同生长期采样分析土壤性状及蔗株的生长情况。【结果】土壤脲酶随Cu浓度的增加(44.15-444.15mg/kg)呈先增加后降低的趋势,当Cu浓度为86.65或94.15mg/kg时达最大值;甘蔗各生长期土壤碱解N随土壤Cu浓度的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势;土壤脲酶活性与Cu浓度呈负效应,其中分蘖期和伸长期达到极显著和显著负相关;土壤碱解N与Cu浓度呈正、负效应,其中分蘖期和伸长期呈显著正相关;甘蔗株高、茎径、产量、蔗汁锤度随土壤Cu浓度的增加先增加后降低,甘蔗Cu受害临界值为土壤全Cu269.15mg/kg或蔗茎Cu7.82mg/kg。【结论】适宜的土壤Cu浓度可提高土壤脲酶活性、碱解N含量及甘蔗产量、品质;土壤脲酶活性与Cu浓度呈负效应,土壤碱解N与Cu浓度呈正、负效应。 | 苏天明 李杨瑞 廖青 江泽普 韦广泼 汪羽宁 | 2011 | 南方农业学报2011，42，6： | 3 |
| 12 | 几种元素污染对辽东湾湿地脲酶活性的影响显示文摘向湿地土壤添加Cd、Cr、Pb和As,考察了样品中的脲酶活性.单因素和复合因素污染均抑制脲酶活性.出现酶活力峰值的时间随着因素水平的影响后移.单因素影响为Cr>As>Cd>Pb.抑制作用主要在于元素抑制了脲酶活性,并且抑制了合成分泌脲酶的微生物.各因素对脲酶影响之间呈显著相关或相关. | 万惠萍 叶淑红 丁鸣 曹方 | 2007 | 大连轻工业学院学报2007，26，2： | 0 |
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