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| 1 | 大气颗粒物理化特征和影响效应的研究进展及展望显示文摘大气颗粒物,尤其是细颗粒物PM2.5,是有毒和有害物质的载体,对人体健康具有重要的影响,同时大气颗粒物具有吸湿性、光学吸收和散射能力以及云凝结核活性等,对环境和气候变化具有重要的作用,大气颗粒物进一步的长距离输送还会对区域和全球地球化学循环产生重要影响.总结了当前大气颗粒物的物理化学特征研究进展,分析了离线和在线分析技术在大气颗粒物主要组分检测中的应用,阐述了大气颗粒物源解析技术的应用现状,以及由于大气颗粒物污染对环境、气候、人体健康和地球化学循环等产生的影响,最后展望未来大气颗粒物研究的重点问题. | 邵龙义 王文华 幸娇萍 李卫军 牛红亚 侯聪 杨书申 | 2018 | 地球科学2018，43，5： | 32 |
| 2 | 北京市典型城区环境空气中苯系物的污染特征、来源分析与健康风险评价显示文摘自2013年6月以来,利用Airmo VOC在线分析仪在北京市典型城区开展了环境空气中挥发性有机物(VOCs)的连续观测,选取2014年4个季节中各1个月的苯系物在线数据,分析了其浓度水平、变化特征、光化学反应活性,利用美国环保署(US EPA)提出的健康风险评价方法开展了有毒有害苯系物物种的健康风险评价,结合来源分析结果,明确北京市应重点控制的苯系物污染来源。研究区观测期间环境空气中16种苯系物的质量浓度为(22.64±16.83)μg·m-3,且具有秋季>冬季>春季>夏季的特点,其中BTEX(苯、甲苯、乙苯和二甲苯)的质量浓度为(19.27±14.46)μg·m-3,占苯系物浓度水平的41.09%~95.16%。研究区观测期间苯系物质量浓度夜间高于日间,日变化呈V字形,在13:00—15:00时质量浓度低。16种苯系物的臭氧生成潜势(OFP)的范围为66.62~170.67μg·m-3,其中间+对二甲苯、甲苯和邻二甲苯的OFP值相对较大;二次有机气溶胶生成潜势(SOAFP)的范围为0.71~1.86μg·m-3,其中甲苯、间+对二甲苯和乙苯的SOAFP值相对较大。研究区观测期间6种苯系物(BTEX和苯乙烯)的危害指数在8.19E-03~5.01E-02之间,在4个季节中对暴露人群尚不存在非致癌性风险;而Ⅰ类致癌物质苯的风险值处于7.13E-08~8.13E-06之间,在夏、秋和冬季对研究区暴露人群的人体健康均存在潜在的致癌性风险。来源分析结果表明,研究区春、秋季苯系物主要来源于机动车尾气的排放,其中春季还受到溶剂等挥发的影响,夏、冬季苯系物则主要来自于燃煤源。 | 杨婷 李丹丹 单玄龙 王学中 张玮琦 张玉洁 毕方 柴发合 张浩 赵妤希 孟令硕 李雷 李红 | 2017 | 生态毒理学报2017，12，5： | 27 |
| 3 | 北京典型城区冬季PM2.5水溶性离子特征显示文摘为了全面了解北京市煤改气后冬季大气细颗粒PM2.5中无机水溶性离子及其来源,于2017年冬季供暖期间在北京市海淀区连续采集了41个PM2.5样品,采用离子色谱分析了其中10种水溶性离子(Na+、NH4+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、F-、Cl-、NO2-、NO3-、SO42-)的浓度。结果表明:采样期间北京市PM2.5的日均质量浓度范围为(94.28±52.49)μg/m3,相较于2016年,2017年冬季PM2.5日均质量浓度降低了29μg/m3,减少幅度达28.2%,污染天数明显降低;污染期颗粒物中NO3-、SO42-、NH4+显著高于优良期;质量浓度比ρ(NO3-)/ρ(SO42-)大于1,移动源贡献相对较大,反映出'煤改气'政策实施引起燃煤等固定源排放硫酸盐减少。采用飞行时间二次离子质谱(TOF-SIMS)结合质量高分辨模式与正负离子成像模式表征了PM2.5。结果显示NH4+在污染期倾向以分子硫酸铵或硫酸氢铵的形态存在。 | 施云云 杨欧 杨巧文 梁汉东 马永伟 | 2020 | 矿业科学学报2020，5，2： | 6 |
| 4 | TOF–SIMS surface analysis of chemical components of size–fractioned urban aerosols in a typical heavy air pollution event in Beijing显示文摘Size–fractioned atmospheric aerosol particles were collected during a typical heavy air pollution event in Beijing. The organic and inorganic components on the surfaces of the samples were analyzed using time–of–flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(TOF–SIMS).The variation characteristics of the surface chemical composition and influencing factors were studied, and the possible sources of these chemical compositions were identified through principal component analysis. The results showed that inorganic components such as crustal elements and sulfate, and organic components such as aliphatic hydrocarbons and oxygen–containing organic groups were present. Some surface components, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals and fluorides may exert adverse effects on human health. The species and relative percentages of the chemical components varied with particle size, diurnal and pollution progress. During a heavy pollution event, the species and relative percentages of secondary components such as oxygen–containing organic groups and sulfurous compounds increased, indicating that particles aged during this event. The surface chemical composition of the aerosol particles was affected mainly by emissions from coal combustion and motor vehicles. In addition, air pollution, meteorological factors, and air mass transport also exerted a significant effect on the surface chemical composition of aerosol particles. | Wenjun Li Hong Li Jinjuan Li Xueli Cheng Zhengzheng Zhang Fahe Chai Hao Zhang Ting Yang Pengli Duan Defeng Lu Yizhen Chen | 2018 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2018，30，7： | 2 |
| 5 | A preliminary study on pollution characteristics of surfactant substances in fine particles in the Beibu Gulf Region of China显示文摘The pollution characteristics of surfactant substances in fine particles(PM_(2.5))in spring were studied in the Beibu Gulf Region of China,68 samples of PM_(2.5)were collected at Weizhou Island in Beihai City from March 12 to April 17,2015.The Anionic Surfactant Substances(ASS)and Cationic Surfactant Substances(CSS)in the samples were analyzed using Byethyl Violet Spectrophotometry and Disulfide Blue Spectrophotometry,respectively.Combined with the data from backward trajectory simulation,the effects of air pollutants from remote transport on the pollution characteristics of surfactant substances in PM_(2.5)in the Beibu Gulf Region were analyzed and discussed.The results showed that the daily mean concentrations of ASS and CSS in spring in the Beibu Gulf Region were 165.20 pmol/m^(3)and 8.05 pmol/m^(3),and the variation ranges were 23.21–452.55 pmol/m^(3)and 0.65–31.31 pmol/m^(3),accounting for 1.82‰±1.65‰and 0.12‰±0.11‰of the mass concentration of PM_(2.5),respectively.These concentrations were lower than those in comparable regions around the world.There was no clear correlation between the concentrations of ASS and CSS in PM_(2.5)and the mass concentrations of PM_(2.5).Tourism and air transport had a positive contribution on the concentrations of ASS.The concentration of surfactant substances in PM_(2.5)was significantly impacted by wind speed and wind direction.Atmospheric temperature,air pressure and precipitation had little effect on the concentrations of surfactant substances.Surfactant substances in PM_(2.5)significantly impacted visibility.Results also showed that the main sources of surfactant substances were from the southern China and Southeast Asia. | Zhengzheng Zhang Hong Li Hongyan Liu Yingchen Bai Jinjuan Li Guorui Zhi Yanting Yu Wenjun Li Hao Zhang Fan Meng | 2021 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2021，33，4： | 0 |
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