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| 1 | Pediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Recent solutions, unresolved issues, and future research directions显示文摘Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) in children is becoming a major health concern. A 'multiple-hit' pathogenetic model has been suggested to explain the progressive liver damage that occurs among children with NAFLD. In addition to the accumulation of fat in the liver, insulin resistance(IR) and oxidative stress due to genetic/epigenetic background, unfavorable lifestyles, gut microbiota and gut-liver axis dysfunction, and perturbations of trace element homeostasis have been shown to be critical for disease progression and the development of more severe inflammatory and fibrotic stages [non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)]. Simple clinical and laboratory parameters, such as age, history, anthropometrical data(BMI and waist circumference percentiles), blood pressure, surrogate clinical markers of IR(acanthosis nigricans), abdominal ultrasounds, and serum transaminases, lipids and glucose/insulin profiles, allow a clinician to identify children with obesity and obesity-related conditions, including NAFLD and cardiovascular and metabolic risks. A liver biopsy(the 'imperfect' gold standard) is required for a definitive NAFLD/NASH diagnosis, particularly to exclude other treatable conditions or when advanced liver disease is expected on clinical and laboratory grounds and preferably prior to any controlled trial of pharmacological/surgical treatments. However, a biopsy clearly cannot represent a screening procedure. Advancements in diagnostic serum and imaging tools, especially for the non-invasive differentiation between NAFLD and NASH, have shown promising results, e.g., magnetic resonance elastography. Weight loss and physical activity should be the first option of intervention.Effective pharmacological treatments are still under development; however, drugs targeting IR, oxidative stress, proinflammatory pathways, dyslipidemia, gut microbiota and gut liver axis dysfunction are an option for patients who are unable to comply with the recommended lifestyle changes. When morbid obesity prevails, bariatric surgery should be considered. | Maria Grazia Clemente Claudia Mandato Marco Poeta Pietro Vajro | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，36： | 32 |
| 2 | Current status of imaging in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is the most common diffuse liver disease, with a worldwide prevalence of 20% to 46%. NAFLD can be subdivided into simple steatosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Most cases of simple steatosis are non-progressive, whereas nonalcoholic steatohepatitis may result in chronic liver injury and progressive fibrosis in a significant minority. Effective risk stratification and management of NAFLD requires evaluation of hepatic parenchymal fat, fibrosis, and inflammation. Liver biopsy remains the current gold standard; however, non-invasive imaging methods are rapidly evolving and may replace biopsy in some circumstances. These methods include well-established techniques, such as conventional ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging and newer imaging technologies, such as ultrasound elastography, quantitative ultrasound techniques, magnetic resonance elastography, and magnetic resonancebased fat quantitation techniques. The aim of this article is to review the current status of imaging methods for NAFLD risk stratification and management, including their diagnostic accuracy, limitations, and practical applicability. | Qian Li Manish Dhyani Joseph R Grajo Claude Sirlin Anthony E Samir | 2018 | World Journal of Hepatology2018，10，8： | 6 |
| 3 | 维吾尔族人群PNPLA3-rs738409多态性和吸烟交互作用与非酒精性脂肪肝的关联研究显示文摘目的探讨维吾尔族PNPLA3 rs738409多态性与非酒精性脂肪肝遗传易感性相关性。方法对维吾尔族非酒精脂肪肝(NAFLD)患者203名,维吾尔族健康体检者188名(对照组)进行包括肝脏B超检测、血液生化指标检测,同时采用Snapshot技术检测PNPLA3 rs738409基因分型,采用SPSS 16.0统计软件分析数据。结果维吾尔族PNPLA3rs738409 G等位基因频率分布,在NAFLD组是41.63%,对照组是31.12%;NAFLD组与对照组G等位基因频率分布差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.013,P=0.014)。多元logistic回归分析显示,相对于CC基因型,GG基因型发生NAFLD的OR大于2.0(OR=4.290,95%CI:1.619~11.370,P=0.003);PNPLA3-rs738409GG基因型与吸烟存在交互作用(P=0.017)。结论PNPLA3-rs738409多态性与维吾尔族人群NAFLD的易感性显著关联,且与吸烟有交互作用。 | 蔡雯 翁迪华 林素兰 王淑霞 买拉木古丽 姚华 | 2018 | 实用预防医学2018，25，5： | 4 |
| 4 | 关注儿童肝脏疾病显示文摘随着经济发展及生活水平的提高,各种儿童慢性病毒性肝病逐年减少,遗传、环境及生活习惯相关的儿童肝病逐年增多。虽然儿童肝病相对少见且并不是儿童死亡的主要病因,但慢性肝病对儿童生长发育、心理健康、生活质量以及对家庭或社会的经济负担不容忽视。因此需要更加重视儿童肝病,对儿童肝病早期筛查及早期诊治,延缓或阻断肝病进展。 | 库尔班江·阿布都西库尔 王建设 | 2021 | 中华肝脏病杂志2021，29，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Advances in pediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: From genetics to lipidomics显示文摘As a result of the obesity epidemic,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)represents a global medical concern in childhood with a closely related increased cardiometabolic risk.Knowledge on NAFLD pathophysiology has been largely expanded over the last decades.Besides the well-known key NAFLD genes(including the I148M variant of the PNPLA3 gene,the E167K allele of the TM6SF2,the GCKR gene,the MBOAT7-TMC4 rs641738 variant,and the rs72613567:TA variant in the HSD17B13 gene),an intriguing pathogenic role has also been demonstrated for the gut microbiota.More interestingly,evidence has added new factors involved in the“multiple hits”theory.In particular,omics determinants have been highlighted as potential innovative markers for NAFLD diagnosis and treatment.In fact,different branches of omics including metabolomics,lipidomics(in particular sphingolipids and ceramides),transcriptomics(including micro RNAs),epigenomics(such as DNA methylation),proteomics,and glycomics represent the most attractive pathogenic elements in NAFLD development,by providing insightful perspectives in this field.In this perspective,we aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of NAFLD pathophysiology in children,from the oldest pathogenic elements(including genetics)to the newest intriguing perspectives(such as omics branches). | Simona Riccio Rosa Melone Caterina Vitulano Pierfrancesco Guida Ivan Maddaluno Stefano Guarino Pierluigi Marzuillo Emanuele Miraglia del Giudice Anna Di Sessa | 2022 | World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics2022，11，3： | 1 |
| 6 | PNPLA3基因I148M的表达与肝病关系的研究进展显示文摘肝脏是人体内最大的实质性器官,也是机体重要的解毒与代谢器官。科学家对肝脏疾病发生种类以及疾病严重程度进行全基因组鉴定,发现PNPLA3参与肝脏脂肪代谢和关键酶的合成;尤其是PNPLA3基因I148M多态性与肝脏疾病有较强的相关性。笔者查阅近年来国内外的研究进展,总结PNPLA3基因I148M多态性与肝病发病机制的内在联系,阐明其相互作用的机理,为肝病的治疗以及药物的研发提供新思路。 | 张闯 郝月 顾宪红 | 2017 | 当代畜牧2017，46，11： | 0 |
| 7 | Protective effects and mechanisms of Lizhong decoction(理中汤) against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a rat model显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effects and molecular mechanisms of Lizhong decoction( 理中汤, LZD) against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD). METHODS: Male Wistar rats were fed a high-fat diet for four weeks to induce NAFLD, and were administered LZD by gavage for four weeks. Potential therapeutic targets for NAFLD were analyzed using network pharmacology. Liver pathology was evaluated using Oil Red O and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Furthermore, mitochondrial function, lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response were examined. RESULTS: Rats with NAFLD exhibited high levels of hepatic damage and cholesterol deposition. Moreover, apoptosis was increased, superoxide dismutase and glutathione content were reduced, malondialdehyde content was increased, and the protein expression of inflammatory cytokines and p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase was increased. The LZD treatment ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction, reduced liver damage,inhibited oxidative stress and inflammatory response, upregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR)-γ expression, and suppressed dipeptidyl peptidase 4(DPP4) expression in the liver. CONCLUSION: It was found that LZD alleviates NAFLD by activating PPAR-γ and inhibiting DPP4. | YANG Jiayao TAO Dongqing MA Wei LIU Song LIAO Yan SHU Lei ZHANG Shu LI Chenyu DU Nianlong | 2022 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2022，42，5： | 0 |
| 8 | Effects of chicory(Cichorium intybus L.)on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘There is a dramatic increase in the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, which is slowly turning into apandemic as well as a major challenge across the world. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is described as a range ofliver conditions such as fat accumulation, hepatic steatosis, or end-stage liver disease. Patients with nonalcoholicfatty liver disease are asymptomatic and their mortality is higher than people without nonalcoholic fatty liverdisease. The pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has not been clearly determined yet. The “two hits”hypothesis is designed to explain the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Dyslipidemia, oxidativestress, insulin resistance, obesity, and chronic inflammation are some of the morbidities involved in the progressionof nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is an herbaceous perennial, known as chicory.Chicory contains various compounds, such as vitamins, sonchuside A, caffeic acid derivatives,fructo-oligosaccharides, chlorogenic acid, magnolialide, polysaccharides, coumarins, phenolic acids, terpenoids,flavonoids, polyphenol, cichoriosides, ixerisosides, eudesmanolides, inulin, bitter sesquiterpene lactones, andalkaloids. Current research has revealed that chicory supplementation might be effective in the treatment ofnonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The anti-inflammatory, antihepatotoxic, antihyperlipidemic, antidiabetic,antihyperglycemic, and antioxidant properties of chicory provide plausible mechanisms by which chicory mayaffect the various steps of disease progression and severity. Existing studies have shown that chicorysupplementation has beneficial effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, but the existence of only one humanstudy and possible side effects of chicory necessitate further studies. | Samira Faraji Sevana Daneghian Mohammad Alizadeh | 2020 | Traditional Medicine Research2020，5，6： | 0 |
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