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| 1 | A short review on natural gas hydrate, kinetic hydrate inhibitors and inhibitor synergists显示文摘Gas hydrate-caused pipeline plugging is an industrial nuisance for petroleum flow assurance that calls for technological innovations.Traditional thermodynamic inhibitors such as glycols and inorganic salts suffer from high dosing,environmental unfriendliness,corrosiveness,and economical burden.The development and use of kinetic hydrate inhibitors(KHIs),mostly polymeric compounds,with their inhibiting effects on hydrate nucleation and growth are considered an effective and economically viable chemical treatment for hydrate prevention.However,the actual performance of a KHI candidate is dependent on various factors including its chemical structure,molecular weight,spatial configuration,effective concentration,pressure and temperature,evaluation methods,use of other additives,etc.This review provides a short but systematic overview of the fundamentals of natural gas hydrates,the prevailing categories of polymeric kinetic hydrate inhibitors with proposed inhibition mechanisms,and the various synergists studied for boosting the KHI performance.Further research endeavors are in need to unveil the KHI working modes under different conditions.The conjunctive use of KHIs and synergists may facilitate the commercial application of effective KHIs to tackle the hydrate plugging problem in the oil and gas flow assurance practices. | Wei Ke Daoyi Chen | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2019，27，9： | 10 |
| 2 | 高含水油包水乳液的水合物储气性能研究显示文摘油包水乳液是近年来新兴的一种水合强化材料,具有良好的水合储气潜力,但是为了保证乳液的稳定性,通常所用的油包水乳液含水量不超过50%。然而水合物的储气量与水含量密切相关,因此高含水的油包水乳液更具有应用前景。对含水量超过50%的油包水乳液进行了水合物的储甲烷研究,考察了乳化剂用量、初始压力及搅拌速率对储气性能的影响,最后考察了乳液的循环储气能力。结果表明:含水量超过55%后,含水量的增加会造成乳液液滴的增大,储气量的降低。乳液含水量为55%,复合乳化剂Span80/Tween80(mTween80∶mSpan80=0.783∶1)用量5%(质量)(以水量为基准)的乳液最适合水合储气;初始压力的增加有利于水合储气性能的提高,但压力过高会造成水合物壳的快速形成,从而降低整体储气能力;适宜的搅拌速率有利于水合物的生成,过快或过慢都会引起水合速率的下降。本实验中最佳的乳液水合储气条件为:温度274.15 K、反应釜中气水体积比10∶1、甲烷初始压力6 MPa、搅拌速率700 r/min,在此条件下,储气量可达141.42 L气/L水。在此条件下进行循环储气实验证明该乳液具有良好的循环利用性,四次循环中储气量均在130 L气/L水以上。研究结果可为天然气储运以及含烃混合气分离提供技术参考。 | 王燕鸿 姚凯 郎雪梅 樊栓狮 | 2021 | 化工学报2021，72，9： | 0 |
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