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| 1 | 中国沙漠物源研究:回顾与展望显示文摘沙漠物源研究不仅在风沙地貌学上有重大的理论和实践意义,而且对联结大气粉尘排放、黄土堆积、气候系统和海洋生物地球化学循环也有重要价值。在简要回顾中国沙漠研究的基础上,梳理了中国沙漠物源研究的理论、方法和主要成果,结合国际上沉积物物源分析的趋向,指出目前世界沙漠物源的研究都是基于沉积物组份属性统计的反演模型,这种研究范式在数据获取、处理与解释方面存在缺陷,如沉积物的取样设计与测试分析、未消除'粒级依赖'对沉积物组份影响、数据未进行对数变换、忽视Dickinson图解应用的前提条件等。提出今后中国沙漠物源研究的方向:1采用正确统一的取样设计和分析方法对各沙漠的沉积物组份属性进行系统研究,建立中国沙漠沉积物组份的属性数据库;2选择若干典型沙漠,利用其周边山地详尽的地质构造、母岩和气候数据,定量构建沉积物生成的正演模型,模拟源区生成沉积物的数量、成分和结构,并用建成的沉积物组份属性数据验证和校正;3定量评估河流冲积物、冲积—湖积物、洪积—冲积物和基岩风化的残积、坡积物对中国各沙漠物源的贡献率与迁移路径,研究中国各沙漠中细颗粒物质的形成机制,对比中国沙漠与低纬度沙漠物源的形成机制;4定量研究历史和地质时间尺度沙漠—黄土—深海沉积物物源的内在联系及其驱动因素,建立陆地—大气—海洋物质循环的机理模型。 | 付旭东 王岩松 | 2015 | 沉积学报2015，33，6： | 12 |
| 2 | Holocene aeolian stratigraphic sequences in the eastern portion of the desert belt(sand seas and sandy lands) in northern China and their palaeoenvironmental implications显示文摘This paper presents the environmental history and its responses to palaeoclimatic changes since the start of the Holocene in the eastern portion of the desert belt(sand seas and sandy lands) in northern China by comparing the aeolian sandpalaeosol sequences and their palaeoclimatic proxies. The optically stimulated luminescence(OSL) ages of the aeolian sandpalaeosol sedimentary sequences and a series of palaeoenvironmental proxies show that:(1) The large-scale dune landscape currently in the Kubuqi Sand Sea was formed during the Holocene in general;and the palaeosol was generally developed during the period of 4–2 ka, indicating conditions favorable for vegetation growth, soil development, and organic carbon accumulation due to increased precipitation or effective moisture and weakened aeolian activities;the large-scale expansion of dunes in the recent 2 ka is closely linked to human activities. The variable discharge of the Yellow River with diversions for irrigation may have resulted in a more consistent supply of aeolian particles for dune field expansion.(2) The dune landscape of the Hunshandake Sandy Land was likely formed around 12 ka, and before this, the western part of the Hunshandake Sandy Land would have been covered by a single large lake;it was obviously wetter than today in the sandy land during the period of 9.6–3 ka and the palaeosols were developed at the same time. But the aeolian activities have not been completely dormant in this long-lasting wetter epoch;because the Holocene wetter period was likely time-transgressive across the region.(3) The palaeosol of the Hulunbuir Sandy Land began to develop as early as 14.5 ka, probably continuing until the last 2 ka. The palaeosol development of various dune fields in the eastern portion of the desert belt(sand seas and sandy lands) in northern China is spatially heterogeneous, and even the palaeosol development time in different locations within each sandy land is inconsistent. During the middle Holocene(especially the 7.5–3.5 ka), all the sandy lands were stabilized in general and the intensity of aeolian activities was significantly weakened. The number of palaeoenvironmental records in the eastern portion of the desert belt(sand seas and sandy lands) in northern China has increased rapidly in the past decade, but the amount of published data still does not match the vast extent of the dune fields. It does require much more in-depth palaeoenvironmental studies for a full understanding of the relationship between aeolian activities and climate change in northern China. | Xiaoping YANG Peng LIANG Deguo ZHANG Hongwei LI Patrick RIOUAL Xulong WANG Bing XU Zhibang MA Qianqian LIU Xiaozong REN Fangen HU Yuxin HE Gang RAO Ninghua CHEN | 2019 | Science China Earth Sciences2019，62，8： | 10 |
| 3 | Fluvial terraces and their implications for Weihe River valley evolution in the Sanyangchuan Basin显示文摘Fluvial terraces are important geomorphic markers for modern valley development.When coupled with numeric ages,terraces can provide abundant information about tectonic,climatic,paleohydrological and the paleoenvironmental changes.On the basis of the paleomagnetic,electron spin resonance(ESR) and optically stimulated luminescence(OSL) dating,in addition to an investigation of local loess-paleosol sequences,we confirmed that 13 fluvial terraces were formed,and then preserved,along the course of the Upper Weihe River in the Sanyangchuan Basin over the past 1.2 Ma.Analyses of the characteristics and genesis of these terraces indicate that they resulted from the response of this particular river system to climate change over an orbital scale.These changes can further be placed within the context of local and regional tectonic uplift,and represent an alternation between lateral migration and vertical incision,dependent upon the predominance of climatic and tectonic controls during different periods.Most of the terraces are strikingly similar in that they have several meters of paleosols which have developed directly on top of fluvial deposits located on the terrace treads,suggesting that the abandonment of terraces due to river incision occurred during the transitions from glacial to interglacial climates.The temporal and spatial differences in the distribution patterns of terraces located on either side of the river valley indicate that a tectonic inversion occurred in Sanyangchuan Basin at-0.62 Ma,and that this was characterized by a transition from overall uplift to depression induced by fault activity.Synthesized studies of the Basin's terraces indicate that formation of the modern valley of the Upper Weihe River may have begun in the late Early Pleistocene between1.4-1.2 Ma. | GAO HongShan LI ZongMeng LIU XiaoFeng PAN BaoTian WU YaJie LIU FenLiang | 2017 | Science China Earth Sciences2017，60，3： | 9 |
| 4 | 库布齐沙漠碎屑锆石U—Pb年龄组成及其物源分析显示文摘 | 杨利荣 邹宁 岳乐平 郭怀军 | 2017 | 第四纪研究2017，37，3： | 9 |
| 5 | Holocene Moisture Variation Recorded by Aeolian Sand-Palaeosol Sequences of the Gonghe Basin, Northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China显示文摘The northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP) of China is located at the triple junction of the Asian winter and summer monsoons and the westerlies, where paleoclimatic evolution has an important scientific significance for recognizing the spatial-temporal pattern of Asian monsoons in the past and predicting environmental change in the future. Nevertheless, the framework of the Holocene moisture variation and related mechanisms remain controversial, owing to complex hydroclimatic conditions triggered by the landform of the large mountain-arid basin. Here, we employed geochemical proxies from typical aeolian sand-palaeosol sequences in the Gonghe Basin, northeastern QTP, together with Optically Stimulated Luminescence(OSL) dating, to reconstruct the pattern of effective moisture variation and associated mechanisms in this region. Our results indicate that the regional effective moisture was at its lowest until 9–8 ka, and approached a maximum during 8–4/3 ka of the middle Holocene. Afterwards, the climate became relatively dry in general, but with a transient humid interval around 2–1 ka. Our geochemical evidence indicates that the dry early Holocene probably can be attributed to a strong winter monsoon forced by remnant ice sheet, combined with the high evaporation caused by solar insolation. Also, shifts of humid-dry are closely linked to the Asian summer monsoonal strength and therefore the balance of evaporation-precipitation in the middle and late Holocene. Thus, the pattern of the Holocene effective moisture variation is characterized as the ‘monsoon model’ in a closed intermontane arid and semi-arid basin near the western Asian monsoonal limit. | LIU Bing ZHAO Hui JIN Heling CHEN Fahu | 2020 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2020，94，3： | 7 |
| 6 | 光释光年代学对腾格里沙漠化机制及风沙物源的指示显示文摘腾格里沙漠地处东亚夏季风现代影响区的西北边缘,长期以来被认为是东亚沙尘暴多发中心之一。近年来的研究较明确地支持腾格里沙漠晚更新世以来的沉积环境发生了巨大变化,但该区沙漠化的机制仍需进一步研究。文章基于石英矿物的光释光测年技术,研究了腾格里沙漠南部腹地系列剖面的沉积年代,结合已有研究结果,重建了该区风沙堆积历史,获得如下认识:1)腾格里沙漠末次冰盛期以来的风沙堆积主要集中在16~10 ka及约1.5 ka以来两个时段;2)腾格里地区16~10 ka的风沙堆积发生在区域由干变湿的时段,而7.3 ka、5.1 ka和3.8~3.3 ka的风沙堆积发生于区域湿度较高背景下的干旱时段。由于这些时段的气候环境有利于风沙的堆积与固定而不利于风沙的产生,因而推断16.0~3.3 ka时段腾格里地区的风沙主要来自上风向地区的输入;3)腾格里大面积地区的沙丘/沙山堆积于最近0.37 ka以来降水较少的时段,略晚于区域高强度的人类工程活动,表明现今可见的沙丘/沙山地貌景观的形成是人类高强度工程活动触发、就地起沙的结果。 | 范育新 张青松 蔡青松 高敏敏 颜雪域 杨光亮 | 2022 | 第四纪研究2022，42，2： | 6 |
| 7 | 构造活动和气候变化对河流阶地发育的影响--以祁连山北缘洪水坝河和马营河为例显示文摘河流阶地作为构造和气候作用的载体,记录了活动造山带地区的构造活动和气候变化之间的相对变化信息。文中以穿过祁连山北缘活动断裂带的洪水坝河和马营河为例,探讨河流地貌发育与构造和气候之间的关系。基于遥感影像解译识别出8—9级河流阶地,并对其期次进行划分。根据洪水坝河T5和马营河T6阶地的相对拔河高度和年龄,分别计算出2条河流15ka和11ka以来的平均下切速率为(10.2±2.0)mm/a和(12.2±2.8)mm/a。再利用差分GPS分别对2条河流的T5和T6阶地面上的断层陡坎进行精确测量,结合测年结果,计算出佛洞庙-红崖子活动断裂的垂直滑移速率比河流下切速率低1个量级。对比研究区内活动断裂两侧阶地发育序列的差异性,构造抬升和河流下切速率数量级的差别,并结合祁连山北缘区域上已发表的研究结果,初步认为构造活动与气候变化共同影响祁连山北缘河流阶地的发育,其中气候变化是控制该区全新世河流阶地发育的主要因素。更深入的活动构造调查和阶地年龄约束有助于更好地揭示祁连山北缘的活动构造特征和河流演化历史。 | 田晴映 郑文俊 张冬丽 张逸鹏 许斌斌 黄柳婷 | 2017 | 地震地质2017，39，6： | 5 |
| 8 | 库布齐沙漠水沙景观的历史演变显示文摘库布齐沙漠位于鄂尔多斯高原北部,东西走向呈带状横于黄河南岸,'十大孔兑'由北向南贯穿沙漠汇入黄河,形成风水交互的水沙格局。结合前人研究成果、古籍、遥感影像等资料,梳理并探讨库布齐沙漠水沙景观的演变历史及形成原因。研究认为库布齐沙漠发育过程可分为两大阶段:古沙漠阶段和现代沙漠阶段,现代沙漠发育于全新世,末次冰消期气温回暖,使得古沙漠固定并消亡,古沙漠主要源自于地质作用和气候波动,而现代沙漠则是人为和自然的共同作用;'十大孔兑'发育在更新世早-中期,全面形成于更新世晚期,主要受到新构造运动及区域气候因素的影响开始发育并切割鄂尔多斯高原北部。同时研究指出,'流水占主导'的风水交互模式是现代库布齐沙漠水沙格局的主要成因。 | 管超 刘丹 周炎广 陶彬彬 哈斯 | 2017 | 干旱区研究2017，34，2： | 5 |
| 9 | Formation of present desert landscape surrounding Jilantai Salt Lake in northern China based on OSL dating显示文摘Jilantai 盐湖(JSL ) ,重要性的一个湖由于它在中国的盐生产自从早 Qing 王朝,被沙沙丘包围。这些沙沙丘的发展的探索将对识别位于荒芜的风景下面的力量并且为识别一个答案保护盐资源有用。通过地调查,我们在更高的湖岸上在更低的高度或沿岸的沉积在湖床上发现沙沙丘 overlying 湖的任何一个和沼泽存款。标明日期的光学地刺激的光(OSL ) 结果显示沙开始象早 Holocene (约 11 ka ) 一样早在 JSL 附近积累,当沙沙丘的快速的发展发生了在以内时最近 0.1 ka。由有在邻近的区域的气候的文件和人的活动的比较,在象早 Holocene 一样早的 JSL 附近的沙累积的开始被认为是在 Jilantai 区域的低有效潮湿的结果。然而,在包围 JSL 的广阔区域的沙沙丘的快速的发展被发生了在以内的加强的人的活动多半开始最近在温暖、干燥的气候的条件下面的 0.1 ka。 | Yuxin FAN Xiaolong CHEN Wenhao LIU Fu ZHANG Fan ZHANG | 2015 | Frontiers of Earth Science2015，9，3： | 4 |
| 10 | 末次盛冰期以来库布齐沙漠环境变化显示文摘中国北方季风边缘区沙漠/沙地如何响应气候变化及其反馈研究对于理解干旱半干旱地区现代地表过程及其未来环境演变趋势有重要的科学意义。库布齐沙漠作为中国北方季风边缘区中东部唯一的以流动、半流动为主的沙漠,现代地表景观与周围沙地(如毛乌素沙地、浑善达克沙地、科尔沁沙地等)明显不同。晚第四纪以来库布齐沙漠与季风边缘区中东部沙地环境演化过程到底是否一致,其湿润期究竟发生于何时,尚存颇多争议。区域风成沉积和湖泊沉积记录研究得出的结论明显不同,存在中晚全新世和早中全新世湿度最优期的分歧。对库布齐沙漠风成沉积年代-岩性的概率密度分布(Probability Density Function,PDF)进行处理,与周边沙地风成沉积和湖泊沉积古环境记录进行了对比分析。结果表明:末次盛冰期以来库布齐沙漠与季风边缘区中东部沙地环境演化过程总体一致,27.6—10 ka和晚全新世(2—0 ka),风沙堆积强烈,气候相对干旱;早全新世(10—6 ka)古土壤渐次发育,沙丘逐渐被固定,湿度增加,环境状况有所改善;中全新世(6—2 ka)古土壤广泛发育,沙丘经历固定成壤,气候最为湿润。区域环境演变过程受控于低纬太阳辐射和高纬冰量变化的双重制约。 | 张小梅 靳鹤 龄刘冰 | 2021 | 中国沙漠2021，41，5： | 3 |
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