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| 1 | 页岩气资源开采现状、问题与前景显示文摘过去的5年间,页岩气开采工作取得了长足的进步,已成为世界天然气产量增长的主要推动力。凭借着页岩油气的开采,美国正迈向能源独立之路,而且在油价低位徘徊、钻井数量减少的情况下,依靠不断提高钻井效率和单井产量,仍然实现了页岩油气产量的持续增长。通过在四川盆地下古生界五峰组—龙马溪组页岩气开采所取得的突破,国内页岩气的储量和产量也获得了迅猛增长,并已成为未来天然气工业增储上产的一个重要领域;与此同时,在最初曾被寄予厚望的陆相和海陆过渡相页岩气两大领域,以及页岩气勘探投入最大的广大南方复杂构造区则未能取得实质性进展。对国内页岩气的发展基本形势与存在问题的分析结果表明,非海相领域和强改造、过成熟的南方复杂构造区海相领域尽管广泛分布富有机质页岩,但在页岩气资源禀赋以及水平井压裂技术等方面存在的诸多问题制约了其勘探开发前景。进而分析了未来中国页岩气发展值得关注的若干问题,结论认为:要现实'十三五'页岩气储量、产量的持续稳定增长,需要有新层系、新区块的发现与接替,而四川盆地内3 500 m以深超高压深层海相页岩气开采技术的突破则是页岩气增储上产的关键和希望之所在。 | 王世谦 | 2017 | 天然气工业2017，37，6： | 82 |
| 2 | 川南地区页岩气勘探开发进展及发展前景显示文摘基于钻井资料,对川南地区奥陶系五峰组—志留系龙马溪组大面积连续稳定分布的富有机质页岩进行了研究。通过单井地质评价,认为宜宾、泸州、大足等地区的页岩储集层品质好,TOC、孔隙度、含气量等关键参数与威远、自贡、长宁等建产区有相似性;研究区构造整体稳定,保存条件好,资源落实程度高;埋深4 500 m以浅可工作面积超过2×10~4 km^2,地质资源量超过10×10^(12) m^3,是中国页岩气资源最丰富、开发最现实的区块。经过长宁—威远国家级示范区建设,单井产量和单井最终可采储量大幅提高,单井成本大幅降低,经济效益好于预期,形成的本土化勘探开发主体技术和方法有效、可复制,快速上产的条件成熟。根据目前水平井的生产递减规律和未来投入的工作量,预计'十三五'末川南地区页岩气年产量将达到100×10~8 m^3以上,具备建成300×10~8 m^3年产规模并长期稳产的潜力,有望使川南地区成为中国最大的页岩气生产基地。 | 马新华 谢军 | 2018 | 石油勘探与开发2018，45，1： | 240 |
| 3 | 中上扬子地区晚奥陶世岩相古地理及其油气地质意义显示文摘中上扬子地区上奥陶统主要发育庙坡组、宝塔组、临湘组(涧草沟组)、五峰组和观音桥组。笔者通过对研究区野外露头及钻井剖面的考察,总结前人研究成果,利用岩石学、古生物学、生态学及室内分析等方法将其划分为潮坪相、浅海陆棚相和深水盆地相3种沉积相类型。潮坪相以沉积灰岩、白云岩、钙质粉砂岩和粉砂岩等为特征。浅海陆棚相主要沉积龟裂纹灰岩、瘤状灰岩、页岩和粉砂质页岩。深水盆地相主要岩性为黑色碳质页岩、粉砂质页岩与硅质页岩,产以营漂浮生活的笔石为主的生物组合。岩相古地理研究表明,晚奥陶世桑比—凯迪早中期,受加里东构造运动影响,华南板内碰撞挤压作用显著,汉南隆起、川中隆起、川西—滇中—黔中—雪峰隆起不断抬升扩大,中上扬子地区表现为海平面相对上升,原本镶边型碳酸盐台地被淹没,沉积了大范围的浅海陆棚相龟裂纹灰岩和瘤状灰岩。凯迪晚期—赫南特期,隆起面积继续扩大,构造围限作用加剧,中上扬子地区发育大面积黑色碳质页岩、粉砂质页岩和硅质页岩。尤其川东南宜宾—泸州,川北旺苍—南江及黔北渝东武隆道真地区五峰组黑色碳质和硅质页岩,具很好的生烃潜力,应视为下一步烃源岩及页岩气勘探开发的重点研究区域。 | 牟传龙 葛祥英 许效松 周恳恳 梁薇 王秀平 | 2014 | 古地理学报2014，16，4： | 50 |
| 4 | 华南上奥陶统观音桥层的空间分布和古地理重建显示文摘观音桥层是晚奥陶世赫南特期在华南上扬子区广泛发育的一套介壳相泥质灰岩地层,位于五峰组和龙马溪组两套页岩气产出层位之间.恢复观音桥层的地理分布,分析其空间分布型式和规律,将有利于重建华南奥陶纪末期的古地理,更好地理解华南奥陶纪末生物大灭绝的环境背景,以及五峰组和龙马溪组黑色页岩形成的古地理背景.本研究基于GBDB数据库收集、整理和厘定了342条剖面的综合数据,利用地理信息系统的Arc GIS软件进行空间模拟,重建了华南上扬子区观音桥层的空间展布.重建结果显示,观音桥层广泛分布于上扬子台地的大部分地区,集中出露于滇东北、黔北、川东南、重庆、鄂西等地,其中厚度最大的区域呈东西向分布于滇黔桂古陆的北缘,形成了一个完整的沉积中心区;而同期的其他岩石地层单元则主要分布于上扬子台地的边缘地区.同时,利用各剖面的沉积学与古生物学、古生态学特征推测该时期各地点具体的古水深值,从而恢复了上扬子区观音桥层沉积期的古地形.结果表明,上扬子区在赫南特中期呈现出'一隆三坳'的古地理格局,'一隆'为湘鄂西水下高地,'三坳'为川东南坳陷、湘中坳陷和鄂北坳陷.这一三面为古陆环绕、局限滞留的古地理环境,是五峰组和龙马溪组富有机质页岩富集的控制因素之一. | 张琳娜 樊隽轩 陈清 | 2016 | 科学通报2016，61，18： | 34 |
| 5 | Stage-progressive distribution pattern of the Lungmachi black graptolitic shales from Guizhou to Chongqing, Central China显示文摘The Lungmachi Formation is widely distributed in Guizhou, Chongqing and the adjacent area. It is important for the study of Silurian biostratigraphy and shale-gas investigation. Based on those biostratigraphically well-studied sections from Guiyang to Huayingshan, we reveal the stage-progressive distribution pattern of the Lungmachi black shales. The distribution of the Lungmachi black shales in the studying area can be subdivided into four geographic belts from the south to the north,reflecting the joint effect of regional and global environmental changes. The graptolite depth zonation model was adopted herein to infer the water depth of major graptolite assemblages from the black shales. The changes in the water depth indicate two major stages. The first stage is named the transgressive distribution stage which ranged from the Persculptograptus persculptus Biozone(LM1, upper Hirnantian) to the Coronograptus cyphus Biozone(LM5, upper Rhuddanian), an interval mostly controlled by global sea-level rise. The second stage, ranging from the Demirastrites triangulatus Biozone(LM6, lower Aeronian) to the Spirograptus guerichi Biozone(LM9, lower Telychian), is named the regressive shrinking stage, during which the black shales were gradually replaced by mixed-facies or carbonate sediments from the south to the north, representing the effects of the persistent uplifting of the Central Guizhou Oldland. | CHEN Xu FAN JunXuan WANG WenHui WANG HongYan NIE HaiKuan SHI XueWen WEN ZhiDong CHEN DongYang LI WenJie | 2017 | Science China Earth Sciences2017，60，6： | 23 |
| 6 | 川南地区渐变型盆—山边界条件下龙马溪组页岩气(藏)富集主控因素:构造—沉积分异与差异性演化显示文摘川南地区龙马溪组全面进入3500 m以浅的页岩气开发、上产关键阶段。油气地质学界长期以来针对页岩岩相、岩石学与孔隙特征等储层静态参数的重视以及对龙一11小层的单一层系开发的局限,对川南地区龙马溪组页岩气整体产能的提高产生了一定制约。回归基础地质本质,采用地质—地球化学综合研究思路,以构造控制下的沉积分异格局为框架,补充完善川南地区笔石生物地层划分体系;依靠多期节理构造与古应力反演等构造解析方法,建立川南渐变型盆—山边界条件下龙马溪组多期构造演化与流体温压模型,明确川南地区复杂构造背景下页岩气差异富集机理。奥陶纪—志留纪之交的“三隆一坳”古构造—沉积分异,控制了川南地区五峰组—龙马溪组优质页岩渐进式发育与分布。在川南—大娄山渐变型盆山结构边界条件下,晚白垩世以来所经历的4期不同应力场构造变形事件,使威远、泸州—大足与长宁—宁西地区五峰组—龙马溪组具有差异性构造变形—抬升剥蚀与演化特征。差异性的埋深—隆升过程,对受埋深与构造热事件控制的页岩有机地球化学特征及流体充注体系产生重要影响。构造—沉积分异、盆山建造与热演化过程,最终控制川南地区五峰组—龙马溪组早期有限聚集—中期相对富集—晚期调整改造的页岩气成藏演化过程。 | 梁霄 徐剑良 王滢 方新焰 赵磊 伍翊嘉 邓宾 | 2021 | 地质科学2021，56，1： | 17 |
| 7 | 鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系平凉组笔石页岩微孔隙特征及其影响因素显示文摘选取鄂尔多斯盆地中奥陶统平凉组笔石页岩3个典型地区样品,通过多项测试分析,探讨了微—纳米孔隙特征与笔石含量、岩矿组分、有机碳、成熟度、主微量/稀土元素及含气性的关系。平凉组笔石主要聚集式保存在下段黑色页岩中,页岩孔隙类型复杂,镜下观察到的孔隙类型有胞外聚合物孔隙、生物笔石体腔孔隙、黏土矿物粒间孔隙、粒内孔隙、矿物晶体间孔隙、溶蚀孔、微裂缝等。多项测试分析表明:笔石对页岩气聚集具有一定意义,对沉积环境也具有一定指示意义,笔石含量与有机碳含量呈正相关性,在一定范围内,比表面积与有机碳、成熟度具有相关性,其原因主要与岩性、无机矿物和有机质相关。样品稀土配分模式具相似性,推测物源相同,稀土总量、Fe、Al及Ti含量与有机碳含量负相关,说明稀土总量较高不是有机质富集所致,而与稀土元素赋存矿物有关。吸附气量与比表面、有机碳含量和成熟度正相关。上述诸因素对页岩微—纳米孔隙具有显著影响,孔隙结构研究需考虑有机碳和成熟度等。 | 邓昆 周文 周立发 万延周 邓虎成 谢润成 陈文玲 | 2016 | 石油勘探与开发2016，43，3： | 14 |
| 8 | 鄂西宜昌地区五峰组--龙马溪组黑色岩系硅质来源及其油气地质意义显示文摘为了查明鄂西五峰组-龙马溪组富有机质页岩的硅质来源,明确不同硅质来源的页岩气地质意义,促进页岩气勘探开发,本文通过系统的样品采集与分析测试,对宜昌地区五峰组-龙马溪组下部黑色岩系的硅质来源、特征及其对有机质富集和储层特征的影响进行了深入研究。结果表明,鄂西宜昌地区五峰组-龙马溪组黑色岩系硅质矿物含量高,过量硅含量在2.59%~88.31%,平均27.91%,且过量硅主要发育于凯迪阶与鲁丹阶的深水陆棚环境;显微镜下可见大量棱角状陆源碎屑石英,硅质岩中可见具有溶蚀边的硅质生物化石,如放射虫、海绵骨针等;页岩样品TiO2与Al2O3平均含量只有0.63%和12.41%,且SiO2与TiO2、Al2O3呈现明显的负相关,Si/(Si+Al+Fe)和A1/(A1+Fe+Mn)比值分别为0.81和0.77,Eu/Eu*具有明显的负异常,过量硅与U/Th、Ni含量之间相关性不明显,表明鄂西宜昌地区五峰组-龙马溪组黑色岩系硅质来源以陆源硅和生物硅为主,没有受到热液的影响,且五峰组凯迪阶-龙马溪组鲁丹阶以生物硅为主,向上陆源硅影响逐渐增大。深水缺氧还原环境是生物硅发育的有利条件,但生物硅的发育与古生产力、氧化还原条件没有绝对的正相关线性关系,主要表现为不同来源的硅质矿物含量与TOC峰值之间呈正态分布曲线特征,当Al2O3含量达到10%左右,过量硅含量在40%左右所对应的页岩有机碳可出现峰值,而不是硅质矿物含量越高有机质一定越富集。此外,硅质矿物特别是以微晶方式赋存的生物硅的发育不仅可以有效保护页岩储集空间,还能促进裂缝的发育,极大的改善页岩储层的储渗能力,并为后期获得良好的储层压裂改造效果提供有利条件。 | 蔡全升 陈孝红 张保民 刘安 韩京 张国涛 李炎桂 | 2020 | 地质学报2020，94，3： | 9 |
| 9 | 鄂西宜昌地区下古生界五峰组-龙马溪组页岩气储层发育特征与勘探潜力显示文摘近年来,鄂西宜昌地区上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组页岩气勘探取得了一系列重要发现和突破。为进一步明确该区五峰组-龙马溪组页岩气勘探潜力,文章在前人研究的基础上,利用钻井及野外露头资料,结合地震、测井和分析测试数据,对宜昌地区五峰组-龙马溪组页岩气储层发育特征、优质储层分布及勘探潜力等进行了深入研究。结果表明,宜昌地区五峰组-龙马溪组下部黑色富有机质页岩储层岩石类型丰富,普遍具有高硅(石英平均含量>50%)、高碳(TOC平均为2.47%)、高成熟度(Ro普遍大于2%)、低孔(普遍低于5%)和特低渗(平均为0.19×10^-3μm^2)特征,储层含气性较好,平均含气量超过2.0 m^3/t。优质储层主要集中在五峰组和龙马溪组黑色页岩下部,对应于凯迪阶WF2-WF3笔石带和鲁丹阶LM2-LM3笔石带,厚度约11 m,与四川焦石坝和长宁地区相比,该区优质储层厚度偏薄。最后通过保存条件和经济性评价分析,认为鄂西宜昌东部斜坡区五峰组-龙马溪组页岩气保存条件相对较好,埋藏较浅,地质资源量超过1200×10^8 m^3,具有良好的勘探潜力。 | 蔡全升 陈孝红 张国涛 张保民 韩京 陈琳 李培军 李炎桂 | 2021 | 石油与天然气地质2021，42，1： | 8 |
| 10 | 滇东北DD1井五峰组—龙马溪组地层界线划分及沉积环境演变显示文摘DD1井上奥陶统临湘组泥灰岩之上发育大套粉砂质泥岩,笔石化石缺乏,也未发现观音桥段含赫南特贝灰岩标志层,O-S界线通过生物地层和岩石地层方法难以确定。微量、稀土元素分析表明,粉砂质泥岩中部(1288.3 m)的Th、Sr、Y、Th/U以及Cen、Eun、δCe、δEu曲线均呈现尖锐的异常峰,该处ΣREE含量显著高于上下地层,REE分布曲线右倾斜率更大。将DD1井与扬子地区其他O-S界线剖面的元素地球化学特征进行对比分析,可判断DD1井存在五峰组观音桥段,该标志层的厚度也小于1 m。微量元素地球化学氧化-还原判别图还表明,五峰期—龙马溪期早期沉积水介质主要处于弱氧化环境,观音桥期氧化性达到最强;根据沉积学标志分析,O-S之交沉积相演变过程为:潮下→潮间→潮上→潮间,在观音桥期水体最浅,为潮上带沉积。 | 冯伟明 李嵘 赵瞻 余谦 杨瀚 谢渊 叶定南 | 2021 | 中国地质2021，48，1： | 6 |
| 11 | 鄂西建始地区五峰-龙马溪组黑色页岩生物地层特征显示文摘鄂西建始地区五峰组-龙马溪组黑色页岩发育,尚未建立古生物地层序列.基于建地1井及湘鄂渝地区23个穿越奥陶系和志留系钻井、剖面资料,研究建始地区五峰组-龙马溪组黑色页岩笔石序列,分析湘鄂水下高地演化模式及其对页岩气成藏影响.建地1井从奥陶系Dicellograptus complexus(WF2)带至志留系Stimulograptus sedgwickii(LM8)带,共包含8个笔石带,缺失了Perculpto gr.perculptus(LM1)、Akidograptus ascensus(LM2)和Parakido gr.acuminatus(LM3)三个笔石带,表明建始地区在赫南特期至鲁丹早期处在湘鄂水下高地范围内.受控于全球海平面变化和广西运动双重作用,湘鄂水下高地整体呈现出自凯迪期至鲁丹早期不断隆升、影响范围逐渐扩大,鲁丹中晚期再逐渐回缩的演化模式;在其范围内普遍缺失WF3-LM4部分笔石带富有机质页岩,导致页岩气藏抗构造破坏能力差,勘探风险较大. | 周志 姜振学 李世臻 徐桂红 王胜建 郭天旭 童川川 | 2021 | 地球科学2021，46，2： | 5 |
| 12 | 鄂西黄陵隆起东缘鄂宜页2井五峰组-龙马溪组页岩气储层特征与含气性显示文摘鄂西地区五峰组—龙马溪组已成为中国南方页岩气勘探的热点领域。为深化该区页岩储层及含气性特征认识,本文以鄂宜页2井钻井及测试分析资料为基础,以笔石带为标尺,对五峰组—龙马溪组下部黑色富有机质页岩的岩石学特征、有机地化特征、储集空间类型及结构特征进行深入研究,分析总结了页岩储层含气性特征及影响因素,并对页岩储层开展了综合评价。结果表明:鄂宜页2井五峰组—龙马溪组下部黑色岩系缺失LM5-LM6笔石带,富有机质页岩上延至LM7笔石带,总厚度约16 m;岩性以硅质页岩夹少量硅质岩、混合质页岩和黏土质页岩为主,有机质类型为Ⅰ-Ⅱ1型,Ro为1.88%~2.03%,显示黑色页岩已过大量生气阶段;页岩储集空间主要为小于100 nm的有机质纳米孔、直径大于5μm的微米孔和构造微裂缝,其中纳米孔占比超过50%,孔隙容积、比表面积与有机碳含量存在显著正相关性;现场解析总含气量为0.068~3.33 m^(3)/t,平均1.13 m^(3)/t,高含气量段集中于凯迪阶WF2-WF3与鲁丹阶LM2-LM4,含气量与TOC、脆性矿物含量之间具有明显的正相关性;根据TOC、含气性、脆性矿物含量以及页岩沉积环境等参数进行综合评价,Ⅰ类储层主要对应于凯迪阶WF2-WF3笔石带以及鲁丹阶LM2-LM4笔石带以深水环境下形成的硅质页岩和硅质岩层段,总厚度约9 m,是该区五峰—龙马溪组水平钻井的最佳甜点段。 | 张保民 蔡全升 陈孝红 王传尚 张国涛 陈林 李培军 李炎桂 | 2021 | 中国地质2021，48，5： | 5 |
| 13 | 由下扬子区海陆对比分析南黄海盆地下志留统烃源岩特征及其主控因素显示文摘针对南黄海盆地海相油气勘探的重大需求,在收集、整理下扬子苏、浙、皖地区地质和地化资料的基础上,依托科学钻探CSDP-2井岩心,系统对比了南黄海盆地与下扬子陆区早志留世古地理背景和沉积充填特征,进而利用一系列地化测试数据总结了南黄海盆地下志留统烃源岩特征并探讨其主控因素。研究结果表明:南黄海盆地大陆架科学钻探CSDP-2井目前已钻遇了坟头组和高家边组上部两套丰度很低的厚层、暗色(粉砂质)泥岩,其有机质类型主要为Ⅱ2型,热演化程度已整体进入过成熟阶段;受控于全球海侵事件和扬子板块构造活动的发展阶段,早志留世初期深水陆棚环境逐渐向后期的浅水陆棚环境演变,加之早期较高的初级生产力和良好的保存条件,使得下扬子区高家边组下部烃源岩的品质明显高于上部,并以底部黑色笔石页岩段有机质丰度最高。因此,南黄海盆地高家边组底部理应存在一套优质烃源岩层,可作为下一步页岩气勘探的重点层位。 | 蔡来星 肖国林 郭兴伟 王蛟 吴志强 李宝刚 | 2019 | 吉林大学学报(地球科学版)2019，49，1： | 4 |
| 14 | 中、上扬子龙马溪组层序划分及对页岩储层发育的控制显示文摘以详细的岩相研究为基础,利用岩相的垂向叠置关系,结合测井、有机地球化学、沉积特征、矿物学特征、元素地球化学等分析,将中、上扬子下志留统龙马溪组划分为2个具有完整海侵和海退的三级层序,即SQ1~SQ2,平均延时约为2.5Ma。龙马溪组页岩储层主要发育7种成因类型的微米—纳米级微观储集空间,裂缝储集空间为构造剪裂缝和页理缝2类。通过不同孔径孔隙体积与有机碳含量的关系以及页岩对甲烷吸附能力分析,页岩储层孔隙发育主要受有机碳含量控制。富有机质页岩发育受控于有机质生产力、有机质聚集及有机质保存,最大海泛面附近的δ^13Corg介于-31‰^-30‰之间,高活性铁含量介于1.0%~1.56%之间,δ^13Corg负漂移及高活性铁含量最大,指示了最高的古生产力;沉积速率在最大海泛面附近约为7.5m/Ma,较低的沉积速率有利于有机碳聚集,其有机碳含量高达2%~6%;最大海泛面附近Th/U比值一般为0.24~0.54,V/Cr比值为5.26~8.27,表现出强缺氧还原环境,有利于有机质保存。因此,最大海泛面附近为富有机质页岩发育段,是寻找页岩气有利层段。 | 熊绍云 王鹏万 黄羚 邹辰 贺训云 李昌 徐政语 | 2020 | 地质学报2020，94，11： | 4 |
| 15 | The progress and prospects of shale gas exploration and development in southern Sichuan Basin, SW China显示文摘The Ordovician Wufeng Formation-Silurian Longmaxi Formation organic-rich shales distributed widely and stably in Southern Sichuan Basin were investigated based on drilling data.Geological evaluation of wells show that the shale reservoirs have good properties in the Yibin,Weiyuan,Zigong,Changning,Luzhou,Dazu areas,with key parameters such as TOC,porosity,gas content similar to the core shale gas production zones.Moreover,these areas are stable in structure,good in preservation conditions and highly certain in resources.The shale reservoirs have a burial depth of 4 500 m or shallow,a total area of over 2×10~4 km^2 and estimated resource of over10×10^(12) m^3,so they are the most resource-rich and practical areas for shale gas exploitation in China.Through construction of the Changning-Weiyuan national demonstration region,the production and EUR of shale gas wells increased significantly,the cost of shale gas wells decreased remarkable,resulting in economic benefit better than expected.Moreover,the localized exploration and development technologies and methods are effective and repeatable,so it is the right time for accelerating shale gas exploitation.Based on the production decline pattern of horizontal wells at present and wells to be drilled in the near future,at the end of the 13th Five Year Plan,the production of shale gas in southern Sichuan Basin is expected to reach or exceed 10 billion cubic meters per year.The resources are sufficient for a stable production period at 30 billion cubic meters per year,which will make the South Sichuan basin become the largest production base of shale gas in China. | MA Xinhua XIE Jun | 2018 | Petroleum Exploration and Development2018，45，1： | 3 |
| 16 | Dispositional characteristics of Ordovician Wufeng Formation and Silurian Longmaxi Formation in Sichuan Basin and its adjacent areas显示文摘According to data of gas wells and typical sections of Wufeng Formation and Longmaxi Formation in Sichuan Basin,shale of various graptolite zones were analyzed to determine depositional environment,lithology and thickness characteristics of the graptolite shale interval of WF2-WF3 in the lower part of Wufeng Formation,the graptolite shale interval of WF4 in Guanyinqiao Member of Wufeng Formation and the graptolite shale interval of LM1-LM4 in the bottom of Longmaxi Formation,and characteristics of shale horizontal distribution were also investigated.During the depositional period of the graptolite shale interval of WF2-WF3,the study area was less affected by the Guangxi movement,the depositional environment was the deep water of open sea,where black shale was mainly deposited;the sedimentation center was developed in northeast Guizhou-northeast Sichuan and south Sichuan,the maximum thickness was from 4 to 6 m in the sedimentation center.During the depositional period of the graptolite shale interval of WF4,the depositional environment in the study area changed greatly due to global sea level fall and enhanced Guangxi movement;the central Sichuan paleouplift,the central Guizhou paleouplift and the Jiangnan-Xuefeng palaeouplift were further expanded,and the area of the sedimentary basin decreased;the depositional environment was mainly carbonate bioclastic shoal of shallow sea,and partially deep sea which only was distributed in the Shizhu-Fuling-Wuxi area in east and northeast Sichuan and the Gongxian-Yongchuan area in south Sichuan;sediments of shallow water were dominated by limestone and argillaceous limestone with abundant Hirnantia,sediments of deep water were dominated by calcareous mudstone and shale with Hirnantia.During the depositional period of the graptolite shale interval of LM1-LM4,due to rise of global sea level and Guangxi movement,the sedimentary area was larger than that in the depositional period of Guanyinqiao Member,and the sedimentary environment mainly was stagnant deepwater;thickness of black shale in the graptolite shale interval of LM1-LM4 was large,and the maximum thickness was over 20 m.Furthermore,control of the central Sichuan paleouplift,the central Guizhou paleouplift and the Jiangnan-Xuefeng paleouplift on black shale was discussed,and control of the Zhiliujing underwater highland/uplift,Huayingshan highland and Dingshan highland as well as western Hubei-Hunan underwater highland/uplift on shale deposition and preservation was also investigated. | Haikuan Nie Zhijun Jin Xin Ma Zhongbao Liu Tuo Lin Zhenheng Yang | 2017 | Petroleum Research2017，2，3： | 3 |
| 17 | 上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组黑色岩系笔石赋存特征与堆积模式显示文摘在总结前人研究的基础上,综合岩石矿物、地球化学等分析测试资料对宜昌地区五峰组-龙马溪组黑色页岩层系中笔石的赋存状态及其沉积环境进行了深入研究。结果显示:五峰组-龙马溪组黑色页岩中笔石的赋存状态存在显著差异,笔石的丰度由下至上呈现由高到低的变化趋势,硅质炭质页岩中的笔石丰度最高,以杂乱堆积为主,部分可见弱定向排列特征;灰绿色泥岩与黑色硅质页岩中笔石丰度低,以碎片为主,且硅质页岩中的笔石碎片细小。笔石的分异度在纵向上也呈现出规律性变化,赫南特阶笔石分异度最低,埃隆阶与凯迪阶对应的笔石分异度高。综合研究表明,不同笔石赋存状态所对应的有机碳质量分数w(TOC)、围岩性质、氧化还原条件、古海洋环境与水动力条件均有所差异:高笔石丰度的页岩往往对应着较高的w(TOC);石英质量分数在40%~60%的黑色页岩中笔石最为发育;笔石在弱氧化和还原环境中均能保存,但还原环境更有利于笔石的大规模富集;纵向上笔石丰度与分异度变化均受到了古环境的显著影响,赫南特冰期造成了笔石的大量死亡和分异度的显著降低;笔石的大量混杂堆积显示悬浮沉积是主要的沉积作用方式,而定向排列的笔石应是深水底流作用的结果。基于上述页岩中笔石赋存状态差异及其沉积地质指示,深入分析了不同笔石赋存状态的沉积环境并建立了五峰组-龙马溪组沉积期的笔石堆积模式。 | 蔡全升 陈孝红 王传尚 张保民 韩京 张国涛 刘安 罗胜元 李海 张淼 李培军 李炎桂 | 2020 | 地质科技通报2020，39，2： | 3 |
| 18 | China's shale gas exploration and development: Understanding and practice显示文摘Through detailed analyses of the distribution characteristics of organic-rich shale, appearance features of high-quality shale, microscopic characteristics of shale reservoir rocks, fracability, and the relationship between preservation conditions and shale gas enrichment in Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation-Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in Sichuan Basin, theoretical understandings and specific suggestions with respect to the exploration and development of shale gas in China are summarized and proposed respectively. Important geological understandings in the exploration and development of shale gas of the Wufeng Formation–Longmaxi Formation in the Sichuan Basin can be summarized into the following aspects: depositional environment and depositional process control the distribution of organic-rich shale; high quality shale in 'sweet spot segments' are commonly characterized by high content of organic carbon, high brittleness, high porosity and gas content; organic pores are important storage space for the enrichment of shale gas; preservation conditions are the key factor for the geological evaluation of shale gas in structurally complex regions; shale gas can be considered as 'artificial gas reservoirs' and the fracability assessment is essential for high-production; nanoscale storage space and the mode of occurrence control the special seepage characteristics of shale gas. The following suggestions are proposed for the development of China's shale gas industry:(1) focus more on fundamental research to achieve new breakthrough in the geological theory of shale gas;(2) emphasize exploration practices to have all-round discoveries in multiple strata;(3) study the regularities of development and production to establish new models of shale gas development;(4) think creatively to invent new technologies to tackle key problems;(5) explore the management innovation to create new mechanisms in shale gas development. | MA Yongsheng CAI Xunyu ZHAO Peirong | 2018 | Petroleum Exploration and Development2018，45，4： | 3 |
| 19 | Silurian integrative stratigraphy and timescale of China显示文摘Silurian is a period with the shortest duration in Phanerozoic except for the Neogene and Quaternary. It represents an important and unique interval when the biotic diversity recovered quickly after the end-Ordovician mass extinction, different paleoplates or terranes conjoined, big oceans disappeared or narrowed, climate and sea level changed frequently, global biotic provincialism became weaker, some primitive plants started to occupy the land. Silurian is also the first system of which all the chronostratigraphic stratotypes(i.e. the GSSPs) including four series and seven stages were established by the International Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy(ISSS). Nonetheless, during the post-GSSP studies conducted by ISSS in the middle1980 s, some Silurian GSSPs were found to have some congenital defects such as no index fossils available that hinder the high resolution subdivision and correlation on a regional or global scale. In this paper, based on the latest development of Silurian study in China, the progress in biostratigraphy, chronostratigraphy, event stratigraphy(such as facies differentiation, heterochrony of black shales, marine red beds, carbonate rocks and reefs), chemostratigraphy, and tectonic stratigraphy(e.g., widespread of the late Silurian rocks in South China and its tectonic implication) are systematically summarized. Some existing problems and the areas to be focused in future work are also discussed. It is suitable for chronostratigraphic study to concentrate not only on the boundary but also doing multidisciplinary analysis on the biotic, chemical, magnetic, environmental, and chronologic aspects, in order to enhance the reliability and the potential for regional and global correlation of a certain GSSP.Some important achievements are expected in these areas in the Silurian study in China:(1) ecostratigraphy and basin analysis of the Llandovery, and the correlation of integrative stratigraphy with a high resolution;(2) establishment of the Wenlock to Pridoli chronostratigraphic framework;(3) the chemo-and magnetic stratigraphy and the age of some key intervals and horizons;(4)further investigation on paleogeography and plate tectonics; and(5) origin and early evolution of the terrestrial ecosystem. Some new breakthroughs might occur in the restudy on some of those problematic GSSPs of some particular series and stages. | Jiayu RONG Yi WANG Renbin ZHAN Junxuan FAN Bing HUANG Peng TANG Yue LI Xiaole ZHANG Rongchang WU Guangxu WANG Xin WEI | 2019 | Science China Earth Sciences2019，62，1： | 2 |
| 20 | 神农架及其周缘地区五峰-龙马溪组页岩微观孔隙结构特征及其含气性评价显示文摘近年来随着我国页岩气勘探领域从上扬子地区逐步扩展到中扬子地区,位于中扬子的宜昌、神农架地区由于广泛发育五峰-龙马溪组黑色页岩而受到了较多的关注。本次研究通过对比鄂西宜昌、神农架地区与川东焦石坝地区五峰-龙马溪组黑色页岩的地球化学特征、孔隙结构特征和构造保存条件等因素,综合评价宜昌、神农架地区五峰-龙马溪组富有机质页岩的含气性。结果表明,神农架背斜北翼八角庙剖面五峰-龙马溪组黑色页岩发育以微孔和介孔为主的有机质孔隙,与宜昌和焦石坝地区五峰-龙马溪组黑色页岩孔隙特征相似,具备良好的页岩气储集空间。宜昌、神农架地区与焦石坝地区的五峰-龙马溪组黑色页岩在厚度、热演化程度、矿物组成、页岩孔隙类型和分布特征上有很大的相似性,但在页岩的分布范围、有机质丰度及类型上均存在差异。另外,宜昌、神农架地区受宜昌上升运动等构造活动的影响,在古隆起中心部位的五峰-龙马溪组遭受严重剥蚀破坏,页岩气保存条件较差,仅在古隆起周缘地区还发育保存条件较好的富有机质页岩。综合认为位于黄陵隆起东缘的宜昌斜坡带是今后鄂西、渝东地区页岩气勘探开发的有利地区。 | 方新焰 王鹏 吴亮亮 耿安松 | 2019 | 地球化学2019，48，6： | 2 |
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