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| 1 | Pollen evidence from Baode of the northern Loess Plateau of China and strong East Asian summer monsoons during the Early Pliocene显示文摘The red clay eolian sequence on the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) is an important archive for paleoclimate change from the late Miocene to Pliocene,and can provide significant information for the controversial problems of East Asian monsoon evolution and its forcing mechanism.In this study,we present a pollen record from Baode,northern CLP.The record shows four stages of paleoecological evolution.From 5.6-4.4 Ma,a forest steppe ecosystem developed under an extremely warm period with high seasonal precipitation.Since 4.4 Ma,a drier episode occurred,which prompted parkland landscapes to develop.During 3.5-3.05 Ma,the environment changed to a rather open steppe ecosystem with a much cooler and drier climate.After 3.05 Ma,the vegetation evolved to forest steppe.Using the percentages of arboreal plants to mirror precipitation,and comparing with other published pollen data from the CLP,we find the existence of S-N directionality of the precipitation change and high percentage of arboreal plants in the entire CLP during the Early Pliocene,which suggest the CLP was characterized by a strong East Asian summer monsoon.The strong summer monsoon corresponds well to the low global ice volume,which may illuminate global climate mechanism for the summer monsoon evolution in the early Pliocene. | LI XingRu FANG XiaoMin WU FuLi MIAO YunFa | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，1： | 7 |
| 2 | Formation Conditions and Sedimentary Model of Over-Flooding Lake Deltas within Continental Lake Basins: An Example from the Paleogene in the Jiyang Subbasin, Bohai Bay Basin显示文摘A large quantity of drilling core, paleontology, geochemistry and geophysics data revealed several features of the Jiyang subbasin during the deposition of the Ek1-Es4 x members:(1) the paleotopography of the gentle slope belt had an extremely low gradient;(2) the paleoclimate frequently alternated between dry and wet periods in a generally arid setting;(3) there was strong weathering around the periphery of the basin;(4) the lake was very shallow;(5) the lake level frequently rose and fell; and(6) the sedimentary environment of the gentle slope belt was an overflooding lake. All of these factors provided favorable geological conditions for the development of an over-flooding lake delta. The lithologies of the continental over-flooding lake delta deposits are complex and diverse. The compositional maturity is moderate to low, and the grain size distribution curves and sedimentary structures indicate the presence of both gravity and traction currents. The sedimentary microfacies associations consist of a combination of ordered superposition of flood channels, distributary channels and sheet sands. The delta exhibits a weak foreset seismic reflection. The over-flooding lake delta deposits are laterally extensive. The sandstone content is high, and the individual sandstone beds are thin. The flood channel and distributary channel deposits exhibit evidence of bifurcation and lateral migration. The distribution of the sandbodies and the oxidation color of the mudstones provide evidence of cyclic deposition. The paleoclimate was the dominant factor controlling the development of the over-flooding lake delta. Due to the frequently alternating wet and dry paleoclimates, the over-flooding lake delta is characterized by the development of a broad upper plain and a lower delta plain. The upper delta plain is characterized by flood channel deposits, whereas the lower delta plain is represented by distributary channel deposits. The transition zone is characterized by the interaction of flood channels and distributary channels. Due to fault activity, the sandbodies of the over-flooding lake delta were juxtaposed against hydrocarbon source rocks, which was favorable for the development of lithologic reservoirs or structural-lithologic reservoirs. The lower delta plain deposits comprise the most favorable reservoirs. | WANG Jian CAO Yingchang LIU Huimin GAO Yongjin | 2015 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2015，89，1： | 3 |
| 3 | Sedimentation in a Continental High-Frequency Oscillatory Lake in an Arid Climatic Background:A Case Study of the Lower Eocene in the Dongying Depression,China显示文摘The sedimentary environment,formation conditions,sedimentary characteristics and the basin evolution model of high-frequency oscillatory lake in arid climatic background of the Lower Eocene in the Dongying depression were studied through the analysis of drilling cores,sporepollen,geochemistry and geophysics data.During the sedimentary period of the Eocene Ek1–Es4x formations,because of the frequent alternation between dry and wet climates in the arid climatic background and the gentle paleogeomorphology,the lake level and salinity of the Early Eocene Dongying depression frequently and rapidly increased and decreased,which is referred to as a high-frequency oscillatory lake.The sedimentation and distribution of sediments in this high-frequency oscillatory lake basin were controlled by the frequently alternating dry-wet climates.During periods with relatively wet climate,the seasonal floods and unstable rivers led to the formation of over-flooding lake deltas in the gentle slope belt,and fine-grained clastic sediments,with minor thin layers of gypsum-salt rocks in the sag belt.During the relatively arid climatic periods,sedimentation occurred mainly in the limited area of the sag belt with thick gypsum-salt rocks.Because of the impact of the salinity stratification of the lake water,these gypsum-salt rocks exhibit annular structural features.A sedimentary cycle of the oscillatory lake began with isochronous flood channels and ended with relatively thick gypsum rocks and salt rocks.The thickness of one oscillatory cycle is generally 4–20 m.The superposition of multiple sedimentary cycles of the oscillatory lake constitutes the overall vertical filling sequence of the high-frequency oscillatory lake basin. | Jie Liu Jian Wang Yingchang Cao Guoqi Song | 2017 | Journal of Earth Science2017，28，4： | 2 |
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