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| 1 | Retrospective and perspective of plant epigenetics in China显示文摘Epigenetics refers to the study of heritable changes in gene function that do not involve changes in the DNA sequence. Such effects on cellular and physiological phenotypic traits may result from external or environmental factors or be part of normal developmental program. In eukaryotes, DNA wraps on a histone octamer(two copies of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4) to form nucleosome, the fundamental unit of chromatin. The structure of chromatin is subjected to a dynamic regulation through multiple epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone posttranslational modifications(PTMs), chromatin remodeling and noncoding RNAs. As conserved regulatory mechanisms in gene expression, epigenetic mechanisms participate in almost all the important biological processes ranging from basal development to environmental response. Importantly, all of the major epigenetic mechanisms in mammalians also occur in plants. Plant studies have provided numerous important contributions to the epigenetic research. For example, gene imprinting, a mechanism of parental allele-specific gene expression, was firstly observed in maize; evidence of paramutation, an epigenetic phenomenon that one allele acts in a single locus to induce a heritable change in the other allele, was firstly reported in maize and tomato.Moreover, some unique epigenetic mechanisms have been evolved in plants. For example, the 24-nt siRNA-involved RNA-directed DNA methylation(RdDM) pathway is plant-specific because of the involvements of two plant-specific DNA-dependent RNA polymerases, Pol IV and Pol V. A thorough study of epigenetic mechanisms is of great significance to improve crop agronomic traits and environmental adaptability. In this review, we make a brief summary of important progress achieved in plant epigenetics field in China over the past several decades and give a brief outlook on future research prospects.We focus our review on DNA methylation and histone PTMs, the two most important aspects of epigenetic mechanisms. | Cheng-Guo Duan Jian-Kang Zhu Xiaofeng Cao | 2018 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2018,45,11: | 14 |
| 2 | 植物种子发育的分子机理显示文摘种子作为高等植物有性生殖的产物,不仅是植物繁育的最主要形式,也是人类赖以生存的粮食的最主要来源。在被子植物的有性生殖过程中,来自花粉的两个精子分别与胚囊中的卵细胞和中央细胞融合形成合子和初生胚乳核。前者经过细胞分裂、分化、器官发生和休眠建立等过程形成胚胎;后者经过游离核分裂、细胞化等过程形成胚乳。一个完整的胚胎具有子叶、胚轴、茎尖和根尖分生组织等结构。在种子发育和萌发过程中,胚乳为胚胎提供营养。胚胎和胚乳均可作为植物的营养累积器官,在发育后期累积淀粉、脂肪酸或/和蛋白质等。毫无疑问,受精后的胚胎与胚乳发育不仅是高等植物生活周期的一个重要环节,也是作物产量和品质决定的最关键时期。这一过程所涉及的细胞分裂、细胞分化、器官发生和胞间通信等过程的调控机制是生命科学领域的重大科学问题,也是发育生物学研究的核心命题。相关研究不仅为揭示种子形成的调控机理提供重要线索,也将为农作物的产量和品质提高提供新的技术手段。本文将重点阐述种子研究的重要性、国内外相关研究进展和未来发展前景。 | 刘春明 程佑发 刘永秀 孙蒙祥 薛红卫 | 2016 | 中国基础科学2016,18,2: | 13 |
| 3 | Decoding the Epigenetic Language of Plant Development显示文摘没有变化, Epigenetics 在 DNA 顺序在基因表示或细胞的显型指可继承的变化的学习。基因表示的 Epigenetic 规定被 DNA methylation 完成, histone 修正, histone 变体,改变的染色质,并且可以包含小 RNA。在 cytosine 的 DNA methylation 被称为 DNA Methyltransferases 的酶执行并且涉及许多细胞的过程,例如 transposable 元素和 pericentromeric 重复的 silencing,印的 X 染色体 inactivation 和 genomic,等等。Histone 修正指化学的组的 posttranslational 共有原子价附件到象 phosphorylation, acetylation,和 methylation 那样的 histones 上,等等。Histone 变体,有从正规 histones 分叉的氨基酸序列的不在经典中的 histones,能从正规 histones 在染色体上有不同 epigenetic 影响。改变蛋白质的染色质维持或修改的高顺序的染色质结构也在调整基因表示起重要作用。小非编码的 RNA 象 posttranscriptional 层次一样在 pre- 在基因表示的规定起各种各样的作用。Epigenetics 和植物开发上的分子的植物的一期特刊(第 4 卷,第 2 期, 2009 ) 出版了盖住植物开发的 epigenetic 规定的许多方面的许多文章。我们这里试着向理解 epigenetics 的神秘世界介绍这些可信的努力的一个高空俯视的看法。文章的多数关于修改蛋白质的染色质,包括改变调整各种各样的发展过程的蛋白质的 histone 修饰词, histone 变体,和染色质,例如 flowering 时间,开花结实促进法,干细胞维护,和对神经质、环境的压力的反应,等等。种子 transcriptome,在除了 PcG 蛋白质活动印的 PHE1 的直接双人脚踏车重复元素的参与, paramutation,和在种类杂交的 epigenetic 障碍的表示的规定被描述很好。最后二份报纸在基因表示的 epigenetic 规定上关于 24nt-siRNA 的 Pol 调停 V 的 heterochromatin 形成独立人士和染色体位置和织物类型的效果。这些调查结果不仅推进我们涉及许多生物现象的 epigenetic 机制的当前的理解,而且为未来工作铺路径,由提出许多新问题,那在下列线被讨论。 | Ayaz Ahmad Yong Zhang Xiao-Feng Cao | 2010 | Molecular Plant2010,3,4: | 10 |
| 4 | Epigenetic regulation and epigenomic landscape in rice显示文摘Epigenetic regulation has been implicated in the control of complex agronomic traits in rice(Oryza sativa),a staple food crop and model monocot plant. Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing and the moderately complex genome of rice have made it possible to study epigenetic regulation in rice on a genome-wide scale. This review discusses recent advances in our understanding of epigenetic regulation in rice, with an emphasis on the roles of key epigenetic regulators, the epigenomic landscape, epigenetic variation, transposon repression, and plant development. | Xian Deng Xianwei Song Liya Wei Chunyan Liu Xiaofeng Cao | 2016 | National Science Review2016,3,3: | 8 |
| 5 | LC2 and OsVIL2 Promote Rice Flowering by Photoperoid-lnduced Epigenetic Silencing of OsLF显示文摘合适的 flowering 时间为植物复制是必要的。在 flowering 前的冬季年度 Arabidopsis thaliana 需要开花结实促进法,在哪个 AtVILs 期间(VIN3 和 VRN5, PRC2 建筑群的部件) 调停在 FLC 地点(一个花的抑压者) 的 H3K27 tri-methylation 镇压 FLC 表示并且因此导致 flowering。然而,怎么 VIL (VIL,开花结实促进法感觉迟钝的 3-LIKE ) 在米饭的功能是未知的。这里,我们表明了那米饭 LC2 (OsVIL3 ) 和 OsVIL2 (二 OsVILs, PRC2 建筑群的可能的部件) 支持米饭 flowering。我们的结果证明 LC2 和 OsVIL2 的表达式被 SD 导致(短天) 条件和 lc2 异种和 OsVIL2RNAi 线显示推迟的标题日期,与 Hd1 和 Hd3a 的减少的表达式层次一致。有趣地, LC2 绑在花的抑压者 OsLF 的倡导者区域并且镇压经由 H3K27 tri-methylation 的 OsLF 表示修正。另外, OsLF 直接通过绑定调整 Hd1 表示到 Hd1 倡导者。这些结果首先证明在米饭的通常认为的 PRC2 涉及光周期 flowering 规定,它与 Arabidopsis 的不同,并且表明 LC2 绑目标基因的倡导者区域,介绍对它的目标基因复杂的 PRC2 的招募过程的可能的机制。研究在米饭 flowering 的 epigenetic 控制上提供增进知识的线索。 | Jun Wang Jiang Hu Qian Qian Hong-Wei Xue | 2013 | Molecular Plant2013,6,2: | 7 |
| 6 | 亚硫酸氢钠测序法检测水稻FIE基因CpG岛甲基化状态显示文摘建立了适用于水稻基因组特定基因甲基化检测的亚硫酸氢钠测序法,并利用此方法对FIE2A基因CpG岛部分片段的甲基化差异进行了研究。采用CTAB法提取水稻叶片和胚乳细胞的基因组DNA,经亚硫酸氢钠化学修饰后,针对已修饰的FIE基因序列设计特异引物并结合巢式PCR扩增,TA载体克隆、测序,最后对测序结果进行分析。结果表明巢式PCR能够增加特异性产物的产生,FIE基因CpG岛在对称的CG和CNG位点甲基化水平较高,而在非对称CNN位点甲基化水平最低,此外在叶片中的平均甲基化水平较高。由此表明本研究建立的亚硫酸氢钠测序法适用于水稻基因组特定基因甲基化状态的检测。 | 汪艳杰 龙鸿 姚家玲 | 2011 | 植物科学学报2011,29,1: | 6 |
| 7 | Epigenomic Modification and Epigenetic Regulation in Rice显示文摘包括染色体宽的 histone 修正和 DNA methylation 侧面的 Epigenomes 为染色体活动并且为定义到各种各样的环境条件的植物开发和回答的基因表示模式是重要的。瑞斯是最重要的庄稼植物并且为谷物 genomics 担任一个模型。瑞斯 epigenomic 风景正在出现,在基因表示, transposon 压抑和植物开发的染色质修正管理者的函数正在被描绘。产生马厩或 transgenerational 与重要 agronomical 特点或压力回答的变化有关的可继承的 epialleles 在米饭正在被描绘的 Epigenomic 变化。在米饭杂种优势的 epigenomic 变化的牵连正在被利用。 | Yu Zhao Dao-Xiu Zhou | 2012 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2012,39,7: | 5 |
| 8 | The maternally expressed polycomb group gene OsEMF2a is essential for endosperm cellularization and imprinting in rice显示文摘Cellularization is a key event in endosperm development.Polycomb group(PcG)genes,such as Fertilization-Independent Seed 2(FIS2),are vital for the syncytium-to-cellularization transition in Arabidopsis plants.In this study,we found that OsEMF2a,a rice homolog of the Arabidopsis PcG gene Embryonic Flower2(EMF2),plays a role similar to that of FIS2 in regard to seed development,although there is limited sequence similarity between the genes.Delayed cellularization was observed in osemf2a,associated with an unusual activation of type I MADS-box genes.The cell cycle was persistently activated in osemf2a caryopses,which was likely caused by cytokinin overproduction.However,the overaccumulation of auxin was not found to be associated with the delayed cellularization.As OsEMF2a is a maternally expressed gene in the endosperm,a paternally inherited functional allele was unable to recover the maternal defects of OsEMF2a.Many imprinted rice genes were deregulated in the defective hybrid seeds of osemf2a(♀)/9311(♂)(m9).The paternal expression bias of some paternally expressed genes was disrupted in m9 due to either the activation of maternal alleles or the repression of paternal alleles.These findings suggest that OsEMF2a-PRC2-mediated H3K27me3 is necessary for endosperm cellularization and genomic imprinting in rice. | Xiaojun Cheng Meiyao Pan Zhiguo E Yong Zhou Baixiao Niu Chen Chen | 2021 | Plant Communications2021,2,1: | 5 |
| 9 | 马尾松PmEMF2基因的克隆及表达分析显示文摘以马尾松(Pinus massoniana)为研究材料,通过RT-PCR和RACE技术克隆获得Pm EMF2基因全长,该基因完整开放阅读框全长2 184 bp,编码727个氨基酸。生物信息学分析表明,Pm EMF2基因含有EMF2基因保守的VEFS-Box和C2H2结构域。系统进化分析表明,马尾松Pm EMF2与白云杉(Picea glauca)和无油樟(Amborella trichopoda)等裸子植物的亲缘关系较近,EMF2类基因基本能按裸子植物、单子叶植物和双子叶植物分开。表达分析表明,Pm EMF2基因在不同组织中均有表达,在嫩茎和嫩叶中的表达量较高,Pm EMF2在雌球花发育中均表现为先升后降的表达趋势,说明Pm EMF2基因参与调控了马尾松雌球花发育。 | 陈虎 李明金 钟凤跃 杨章旗 黄永利 | 2015 | 广西林业科学2015,44,3: | 4 |
| 10 | Targeted DNA demethylation produces heritable epialleles in rice显示文摘Dear Editor,DNA methylation is an important epigenetic mark that is associated with the silencing of genes and transposable elements(TEs)(Law and Jacobsen,2010).Changes in DNA methylation can be transgenerationally inherited to generate stable epialleles in plants.Epialleles broaden genetic and phenotypic diversity。 | Shanjie Tang Chao Yang Dong Wang Xian Deng Xiaofeng Cao Xianwei Song | 2022 | Science China(Life Sciences)2022,65,4: | 4 |
| 11 | 马尾松果糖-1,6-二磷酸酶基因克隆及表达模式分析显示文摘以马尾松(Pinus massoniana)不同抗虫品种为材料,通过RT-PCR和RACE技术克隆获得Pm FBP基因全长,该基因完整开放阅读框全长1284 bp,编码427个氨基酸。生物信息学分析表明,Pm FBP蛋白含有FBP基因保守的FBPase结构域。系统进化分析表明,马尾松Pm FBP与其它植物的亲缘关系相对较远,单独分为一类。表达模式研究表明,Pm FBP基因在马尾松叶和茎中表达量高,尤其是在嫩叶中表达量极高,在根中几乎没有表达;Pm FBP基因在日变化过程中,抗虫品种中的表达量明显高于对照,整个日变化中基因在抗虫品种中能够被快速提高表达量,说明Pm FBP基因在马尾松抗虫防御过程中起着关键作用。 | 陈虎 谭健晖 颜培栋 吴东山 罗群风 杨章旗 | 2016 | 广西林业科学2016,45,1: | 3 |
| 12 | Rice Interploidy Crosses Disrupt Epigenetic Regulation, Gene Expression, and Seed Development显示文摘在被子植物的种子开发在内乳要求 2:1 maternal-to-paternal 染色体比率(2m:1p ) 。当比率被破坏时,种子发展被损害。瑞斯 interploidy 十字导致内乳失败,但是内在的分子的机制仍然保持不清楚。这里,我们报导在米饭 interploidy 十字的有缺点的内乳与小 RNA 和编码蛋白质的基因的 nonadditive 表示被联系。有趣地, 24-nt 小介入 RNA 被充实在 5 和 3 ? flanking 序列 nonadditively 在 interploidy 十字表示了基因并且否定地与印的基因的表示被联系。而且,一些 PRC2 家庭基因和 DNA 包括 OsMET1b 和 OsCMT3a 的 methylation 相关的基因是在 2 湡散愠摮椠据敲獡摥礠敩摬鵸?鵸 的 upregulated?? | Limei Wang Jingya Yuan Yujie Ma Wu Jiao Wenxue Ye Dong-Lei Yang Chuandeng Yi Z. Jeffrey Chen | 2018 | Molecular Plant2018,11,2: | 3 |
| 13 | 水稻胚乳发育遗传调控的研究进展显示文摘胚乳是被子植物双受精产物之一,为种子发育提供营养;同时,水稻胚乳也是人类口粮的重要来源。胚乳组织约占水稻种子干质量的70%以上,其发育直接影响稻米产量和品质。目前我们对水稻胚乳发育调控的分子机制有了较为深入的认识,克隆了一些重要基因,同时发现表观遗传调控在胚乳发育中也发挥重要作用。本文主要以水稻为例,同时穿插拟南芥和玉米等植物的相关研究进展,系统总结了胚乳细胞化、糊粉层细胞分化、储藏物质积累等胚乳发育重要生物学事件的遗传调控机制。最后我们也指出了关于胚乳发育过程中有待进一步深入研究的科学问题,以期能为今后相关研究提供一些思路。 | 张娟 牛百晓 鄂志国 陈忱 | 2021 | 中国水稻科学2021,35,4: | 3 |
| 14 | Imprinting in Plants and Its Underlying Mechanisms显示文摘Genomic imprinting(or imprinting) refers to an epigenetic phenomenon by which the allelic expression of a gene depends on the parent of origin.It has evolved independently in placental mammals and flowering plants.In plants,imprinting is mainly found in endosperm. Recent genome-wide surveys in Arabidopsis,rice,and maize identified hundreds of imprinted genes in endosperm.Since these genes are of diverse functions,endosperm development is regulated at different regulatory levels.The imprinted expression of only a few genes is conserved between Arabidopsis and monocots,suggesting that imprinting evolved quickly during speciation.In Arabidopsis,DEMETER (DME) mediates hypomethylation in the maternal genome at numerous loci(mainly transposons and repeats) in the central cell and results in many differentially methylated regions between parental genomes in the endosperm,and subsequent imprinted expression of some genes.In addition,histone modification mediated by Polycomb group(PcG) proteins is also involved in regulating imprinting.DME-induced hypomethylated alleles in the central cell are considered to produce small interfering RNAs(siRNAs) which are imported to the egg to reinforce DNA methylation.In parallel,the activity of DME in the vegetative cell of the male gametophyte demethylates many regions which overlap with the demethylated regions in the central cell.siRNAs from the demethylated regions are hypothesized to be also transferred into sperm to reinforce DNA methylation.Imprinting is partly the result of genome-wide epigenetic reprogramming in the central cell and vegetative cell and evolved under different selective pressures. | Hongyu Zhang Abed Chaudhury Xianjun Wu | 2013 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2013,40,5: | 2 |
| 15 | Arabidopsis RAN 1 Mediates Seed Development through Its Parental .Ratio by Affecting the Onset of Endosperm Cellularization显示文摘尽管以前的研究证明了内乳开发被它的父母染色体体质影响,控制 parent-of-origin 效果的基因基础和分子的机制要求进一步的说明。这里我们 showthat 地岬相关的原子蛋白质(RAN1 ) 1 在 Arabidopsis thaliana 调整内乳开发。相互的十字在之间野类型(WT ) 并且当 RAN1 down-regulated/up-regulated 个人被用作一个男性 / 女性的父母时,转基因的线错误快车 RAN1 (msRAN1 ) 产生了小 F1 种子;相反,当 RAN1 down-regulated/up-regulated 植物被用作一个女性 / 男性的父母时, F1 种子被放弃,建议种子开发被 RAN1 的 theparental 染色体比率影响。而在野类型的植物的 RAN1 表示在内乳 cellularization 的发作前被减少,从相互的 crossesbetween WT 和 msRAN1 的 F1 种子显示出反常内乳 cellularization 和 RAN1 的宫外的表示。当 msRAN1 植物在相互的十字被使用时,也控制内乳 cellularizationwas 的基因也在这些相互的十字影响了的 MINISEED3 (MINI3 ) 的表示,和 misregulationof MINI3 活动救了 F1 种子。一起拿,我们的结果建议 RAN1 的父母比率通过它和 MINI3.Key 词的基因相互作用调整内乳 cellularization 的发作: | Peiwei Liu Ming Qi Yuqian Wang MingQin Chang Chang Liu Mengxiang Sun Weicai Yang Haiyun Ren | 2014 | Molecular Plant2014,7,8: | 2 |
| 16 | 植物组蛋白赖氨酸甲基化建立过程及其遗传性研究进展显示文摘表观遗传学主要包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码RNA,组蛋白甲基化作为组蛋白修饰中的一种重要修饰,在植物体的发育和环境适应中发挥着重要作用。组蛋白甲基化主要发生在赖氨酸残基上,同时根据不同的赖氨酸位点和每个赖氨酸位点甲基化程度的不同,形成了不同的赖氨酸甲基化修饰。根据对基因的不同功能,通常将组蛋白赖氨酸甲基化修饰分为2大类:(1)能够促进基因表达的,如H3K4me3和H3K36me3;(2)能够抑制基因表达的,如H3K9me2和H3K27me3。不同的组蛋白赖氨酸甲基化去甲基化过程需要相应的阅读(reader)、书写(writer)和擦除(eraser)3种蛋白。同时,组蛋白赖氨酸甲基化的遗传性质目前还不是很清楚。综述了植物中组蛋白赖氨酸甲基化建立与去除过程,以及对组蛋白赖氨酸甲基化可遗传性的探讨。 | 周伟 王宇 解莉楠 | 2020 | 生物技术通报2020,36,4: | 2 |
| 17 | 拟南芥的印记基因和印记表达调控显示文摘基因组印记是指后代仅表达亲本之一基因拷贝的现象。印记基因的发生是防止孤雌生殖发生的有效手段之一。拟南芥FIS(Fertilisation-independent seed)印记基因mea、fis2和fie在中央细胞分裂抑制和早期胚乳发育调节中发挥重要作用。fis突变体具有两种表型:当受精缺失时二倍体胚乳自主发育,而当受精发生时形成非细胞化的胚乳。FIS多梳蛋白复合体(Polycomb protein complex)包括上述3种FIS蛋白,在目标位点催化组蛋白H3第27位赖氨酸的tri-甲基化(H3K27 tri-methylation)。DME(DEMETER)和AtMET1(Methyltransferase1)参与了mea和fis2的印记表达控制。最近研究结果表明,开花植物中转座子的插入影响邻近基因的表达,是基因组印记进化的主要驱动力量。本文综述了10年来拟南芥中FIS印记基因和相关基因的发现及其调控机理,期望能为水稻、玉米等重要作物中印记基因的研究提供借鉴和参考。 | 张红宇 徐培洲 杨华 吴先军 | 2010 | 遗传2010,32,7: | 1 |
| 18 | 植物基因印迹及其对种子发育的影响(英文)显示文摘基因印迹最先发现于哺乳动物的胚胎发育中,近些年研究表明也存在植物种子发育中。基因印迹成为当前植物种子发育生物学的研究热点。从印迹基因、印迹机制及其对植物种子发育的影响等方面综述了植物种子发育中基因印迹的研究进展,并提出研究中存在的问题及其解决对策,旨在为今后相关研究提供参考。 | 孙超 唐天向 唐伟杰 隋丽波 张慧 夏张婷 赵海洋 韩月鑫 林良斌 | 2017 | Agricultural Science & Technology2017,18,6: | 1 |
| 19 | Plant cell totipotency: Insights into cellular reprogramming显示文摘Plant cells have a powerful capacity in their propagation to adapt to environmental change, given that a single plant cell can give rise to a whole plant via somatic embryogenesis without the need for fertilization. The reprogramming of somatic cells into totipotent cells is a critical step in somatic embryogenesis. This process can be induced by stimuli such as plant hormones, transcriptional regulators and stress. Here, we review current knowledge on how the identity of totipotent cells is determined and the stimuli required for reprogramming of somatic cells into totipotent cells. We highlight key molecular regulators and associated networks that control cell fate transition from somatic to totipotent cells. Finally,we pose several outstanding questions that should be addressed to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying plant cell totipotency. | Ying Hua Su Li Ping Tang Xiang Yu Zhao Xian Sheng Zhang | 2021 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2021,63,1: | 1 |
| 20 | 水稻PcG类基因OsEMF2b T-DNA插入杂合突变体的细胞学研究显示文摘采用石蜡切片法对水稻OsEMF2b的T-DNA插入杂合突变体的花器官形态、雌雄蕊发育和种子形成等过程进行了细胞学研究。结果表明,OsEMF2b杂合突变体花器官形态和各部分的数量有变异,但花药和胚珠发育以及花粉和胚囊的育性正常。OsEMF2b杂合突变体出现一定比例的受精卵不分裂、胚胎发育延迟、胚胎畸形,胚乳游离核不能细胞化和胚乳细胞退化解体等异常现象,从而导致其结实率明显低于野生型。OsEMF2b基因可能在水稻的花器官形成和种子发育过程中具有重要的调控作用。 | 程馨妍 裴荣 姚家玲 | 2013 | 华中农业大学学报2013,32,1: | 1 |