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| 1 | A systematic analysis of pneumatosis cystoids intestinalis显示文摘AIM:To increase the understanding,diagnosis and treatment of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis(PCI)and to find the characteristics and potential cause of the disease in China.METHODS:We report here one case of PCI in a 70-year-old male patient who received a variety of treatment methods.Then,we systematically searched the PCI eligible literature published from an available Chinese database from May 2002 to May 2012,including CBM,CBMDisc,CMCC,VIP,Wanfang,and CNKI.The key words were pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis,pneumatosis,pneumatosis intestinalis,pneumatosis coli and mucosal gas.The patients' information,histories,therapies,courses,and outcomes were reviewed.RESULTS:The study group consisted of 239 PCI cases(male:female = 2.4:1)from 77 reported incidents.The mean age was 45.3 ± 15.6 years,and the median illness course was 6 mo.One hundred and sixty patients(66.9%)were in high altitude areas.In addition,43.5%(104/239)of the patients had potential PCI-related disease,and 16.3% had complications with intestinal obstruction and perforation.The most common symptom was abdominal pain(53.9%),followed by diarrhea(53.0%),distention(42.4%),nausea and vomiting(14.3%),bloody stool(12.9%),mucous stool(12.0%)and constipation(7.8%).Most multiple pneumocysts developed in the submucosa of the colon(69.9%).The efficacy of the treatments by combined modalities,surgery,endoscopic treatment,conservative approach,oxygen,and antibiotics were 100%,100%,100%,93.3%,68.3% and 26.3%,respectively.CONCLUSION:PCI can be safely managed by conservative treatments,presents more frequently in males,in the large bowel and submucosa,than in females,in the small intestine and subserosa.High altitude residence maybe associated with the PCI etiology. | Li-Li Wu Yun-Sheng Yang Yan Dou Qing-Sen Liu | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，30： | 27 |
| 2 | 肠气囊肿症的诊治进展显示文摘肠气囊肿症(PCI)罕见,是指分布于消化道浆膜下和(或)黏膜下的多发性充满气体的囊肿,分原发性和继发性。确切病因和发病机制尚不明,常无症状或表现缺乏特异性,临床易造成漏诊和误诊。结肠镜的普遍开展使结肠黏膜下PCI发病率有逐渐增加趋势。气腹或膈下游离气体而无腹膜刺激征是其特征性表现之一。CT被认为是诊断PCI最敏感和最有用的方法;结肠镜下表现类似多发性息肉病或黏膜下肿瘤。无症状者,无需特殊治疗。治疗主要有氧疗、内镜下治疗和外科手术及治疗原发病。 | 康文全 付剑云 张厚德 | 2015 | 医学综述2015，21，9： | 19 |
| 3 | Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis显示文摘Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis(PCI) is a rare condition that may be associated with a variety of diseases.The presenting clinical picture may be very heterogeneous and represent a challenge for the clinician.In the present paper we describe both a common and an uncommon clinical presentation of PCI and review the pertaining literature.Our cases confirm that,apart from asymptomatic cases,the clinical presentation of PCI may be widely different and suggest that a new onset of stipsis might be the presenting symptom.Diagnosis might be suggested by a simple X-ray of the digestive tract showing a change in the characteristics of the intestinal wall in two-thirds of these patients.However,one third of the patients do not have a suggestive X-ray and require a computed tomography(CT) scan/nuclear magnetic resonance that may reveal a thickened bowel wall containing gas to confirm the diagnosis and distinguish PCI from intraluminal air or submucosal fat.CT also allows the detection of additional findings that may suggest an underlying,potentially worrisome cause of PCI such as bowel wall thickening,altered contrast mucosal enhancement,dilated bowel,soft tissue stranding,ascites and the presence of portal air.Our results also point out that clinicians and endoscopists should be aware of the possible presentations of PCI in order to correctly manage the patients affected with this disease and avoid unnecessary surgeries.The increasing number of colonoscopies performed for colon cancer screening makes PCI more frequently casually encountered and/or provoked,therefore the possible endoscopic appearances of this disease should be well known by endoscopists. | Francesco Azzaroli Laura Turco Liza Ceroni Stefania Sartoni Galloni Federica Buonfiglioli Claudio Calvanese Giuseppe Mazzella | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，44： | 16 |
| 4 | 肠气囊肿症12例的诊治分析显示文摘目的探讨肠气囊肿症(PCI)的发病特点和恰当的诊治方式。方法对1997年至2015年在天津医科大学总医院确诊的12例PCI患者进行分析,评估其病因、内镜特点、治疗效果及预后。结果4例因长期接触三氯乙烯或病因不明导致原发性PCI;其余8例为继发性PCI,患有白塞病、结缔组织病、肺气肿、糖尿病、恶性肿瘤等。内镜表现包括单发泡状气囊肿、线状或鹅卵石样气囊肿、葡萄或串珠状气囊肿等,病变累及乙状结肠6例、升结肠3例、降结肠2例、十二指肠2例、直肠1例。药物或联合内镜治疗后,8例明显缓解,2例好转,2例因恶性肿瘤死亡。结论PCI是一种罕见病证,病因机制尚不明确,多继发于其他疾病,通过结肠镜、超声内镜可明确诊断。单发性PCI可行内镜下高频电切除治疗,多发性PCI予内镜下囊肿夹破、抗生素联合菌群调节药物治疗效果显著。积极治疗原发病,早期发现并发症可改善预后并减少复发。 | 王永娟 焦国慧 王玉明 周璐 张洁 王邦茂 | 2017 | 中华消化内镜杂志2017，34，2： | 14 |
| 5 | Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis:A single center experience显示文摘AIM:To share our experience of the management and outcomes of patients with pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI).METHODS:The charts of seven patients who underwent surgery for PCI between 2001 and 2009 were reviewed retrospectively.Clinical features,diagnoses and surgical interventions of patients with PCI are discussed.RESULTS:Seven patients with PCI (3 males,4 females;mean age,50 ± 16.1 years;range,29-74 years) were analyzed.In three of the patients,abdominal pain was the only complaint,whereas additional vomiting and/or constipation occurred in four.Leukocytosis was detected in four patients,whereas it was within normal limits in three.Subdiaphragmatic free air was observed radiologically in four patients but not in three.Six of the patients underwent an applied laparotomy,whereas one underwent an applied explorative laparoscopy.PCI localized to the small intestine only was detected in four patients,whereas it was localized to the small intestine and the colon in three.Three patients underwent a partial small intestine resection and four did not after PCI was diagnosed.Five patients were diagnosed with secondary PCI and two with primary PCI when the surgical findings and medical history were assessed together.Gastric atony developed in one case only,as a complication during a postoperative follow-up of 5-14 d.CONCLUSION:Although rare,PCI should be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute abdomen.Diagnostic laparoscopy and preoperative radiological tests,including computed tomography,play an important role in confirming the diagnosis. | Zulfu Arikanoglu Erhan Aygen Cemalettin Camci Sami Akbulut Murat Basbug Osman Dogru Ziya Cetinkaya Cuneyt Kirkil | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，5： | 13 |
| 6 | 结肠气囊肿症20例临床分析显示文摘目的总结结肠气囊肿症的临床特点及诊治经验。方法对解放军总医院1995年6月-2015年6月收治的20例经结肠镜确诊的结肠气囊肿症患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 20例结肠气囊肿瘤患者中,男16例(80.0%),女4例(20.0%)。主要临床表现为腹胀、腹泻、腹痛、黏液血便。确诊主要依靠结肠镜检及病理检查,1例行腹腔镜辅助下直肠癌切除术,1例行剖腹探查、乙状结肠穿孔修补术;5例行内镜下治疗;2例行药物+高压氧治疗;7例单纯药物治疗;4例未做治疗。结论结肠气囊肿瘤诊断首选结肠镜,无症状者无需治疗。治疗主要包括氧疗、内镜下治疗和外科手术及治疗原发病,预后良好。 | 童瑞 秦颖 秦蕾 梁浩 | 2016 | 解放军医学杂志2016，41，2： | 9 |
| 7 | 肠气囊肿症1例报告显示文摘临床上肠气囊肿症(pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis,PCI),亦称肠壁囊样积气症,是指分布于消化道黏膜下和(或)浆膜下多发性充满气体的囊肿。本病的确切发病率仍不明确,可发生于新生儿到老年人任何年龄组,可发生于消化道任何部位。因其临床少见且表现缺乏特异性,易造成漏诊和误诊。我院诊治的1例PCI。现报道如下: | 吴利敏 林李淼 夏宣平 申苏建 卢光荣 蒋益 薛战雄 | 2017 | 中国内镜杂志2017，23，10： | 6 |
| 8 | 服用α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂相关的肠气囊肿症二例及文献分析显示文摘病例1 患者男,72岁,因“间歇性腹痛1个月,加重伴大便带血1周”收住我院。患者于1个月前无明显诱因下出现腹部隐痛,左下腹尤甚,近1周自觉腹痛较前明显加重,伴大便带血,色暗红,每日2—3次。 | 胡梦成 张予蜀 洪嘉雯 张军 | 2017 | 中华消化内镜杂志2017，34，8： | 5 |
| 9 | 肠气囊肿症影像表现2例显示文摘1 病例简介患者1,男,66岁,主诉:腹痛、腹胀4d 余,加重1d。体格检查:患者腹部稍膨隆,下腹可见肠形及蠕动波,腹硬,下腹部压痛,腹部叩鼓音,肠鸣音8次/分,脐周可闻及气过水声。 | 冯煜森 刘慧 王丽娟 鄂凤梅 陈娅 | 2019 | 中国医学影像学杂志2019，27，5： | 5 |
| 10 | 伏格列波糖不良反应及处置措施研究进展显示文摘通过检索国内外有关伏格列波糖的不良反应及处置措施的报道,对患者不良反应的临床表现、预后和转归进行总结分析。伏格列波糖常见的不良反应表现在胃肠道方面,主要临床症状有腹泻软便、腹鸣腹痛、便秘等。经过停药及对症治疗,大多数患者痊愈,未出现严重的不良反应。鉴于伏格列波糖可造成患者多个系统的不良反应,在临床治疗过程中应加强不良反应的监测,掌握出现不良反应后的处置措施,以确保患者的用药安全。 | 黄欣欣 李翔 罗燕 周亮 刘皈阳 | 2013 | 中国药物应用与监测2013，10，5： | 3 |
| 11 | α-葡糖苷酶抑制剂诱导的结肠囊样积气症1例显示文摘病例:患者男,67岁,因健康体检于2014年3月11日在我院行结肠镜检查,平素略感腹胀1年余,程度不严重,粪便略干燥,2~3 d/次,无明显腹痛,无便血,无恶心呕吐,体重无变化。查体腹部平坦,未见肠型,腹软,全腹无压痛,肠鸣音4次/min。既往患者伴有2型糖尿病史2年,口服阿卡波糖50 mg tid治疗,无慢性支气管炎病史,无高血压冠心病病史,无自身免疫性疾病。 | 宗晔 赵海英 王拥军 吴咏冬 张澍田 | 2016 | 胃肠病学2016，21，10： | 2 |
| 12 | 与α葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂相关的肠气囊肿症1例并临床分析显示文摘目的报道1例与a葡糖糖苷酶抑制剂(aGI)相关的肠气囊肿症(PCI),并探讨PCI的病因、发病率、症状及诊疗现状。方法患者,男,43岁,因'反复腹泻3年,加重半年'入院,既往患2型糖尿病,长期服用阿卡波糖。入院后经小肠增强CT、超声内镜(EUS)、结肠镜及病理活检被确诊为PCI。经停用阿卡波糖及内镜下圈套器切除较大隆起1月后复查,患者肠壁气囊肿基本消失,腹泻明显改善。本文搜集2007年至2018年国内外文献报道16例与aGI治疗相关的病例,对PCI及其诊治作出总结及分析。结果 PCI通常为无症状的良性疾病,病因多样,发病率低。16例患者中,2例无症状、1例以胃肠道外症状就诊,其余均表现为腹痛、腹泻、腹胀、恶心、血便等非特异性消化道症状,依靠腹部CT、EUS、内镜活检等确诊,经保守治疗可治愈。结论患有与PCI相关的原发疾病者,需警惕伴发PCI可能,尤其服用αGI类降糖药的糖尿病患者,当出现腹痛、腹泻等胃肠道症状时,应常规行内镜、腹部CT等检查,必要时可给予内镜下治疗。 | 覃弦 李刚平 杜凡 宋军 侯晓华 | 2019 | 中华胃肠内镜电子杂志2019，6，3： | 2 |
| 13 | 与α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂相关的肠气囊肿病:1例报道显示文摘肠气囊肿病(pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis,PCI)是一种少见的发生于肠黏膜或浆膜下的多发气囊样病变。目前关于PCI病因及发病机制尚不明确,其中肠道缺乏营养尤其是α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂的使用可能参与了PCI发病,我们此次所报道的病例即属此类。PCI临床表现不具特异性,诊断主要依靠辅助检查,如结肠镜。临床医师需加深对PIC的认识,特别是其内镜下表现,以制定正确的诊疗方案。 | 崔月萌 杨玄 杨旭瑶 余荻 常江 | 2021 | 胃肠病学和肝病学杂志2021，30，11： | 2 |
| 14 | 中药治疗结肠气囊肿1例报告并文献复习显示文摘肠气囊肿症又称为囊样肠积气,是指在消化道黏膜下或浆膜下出现的多发气性囊肿,发病部位主要位于小肠、结肠,也可累及食管至直肠的全部或部分胃肠道,临床上较为少见。沈阳军区总医院中医科收治结肠气囊肿1例,根据中医辨证施治原则,遣方用药,取得良好疗效。现报道如下。1临床资料患者男性,29岁,因“间断腹泻1个月”在我科门诊就诊,时有中下腹部发作性疼痛,程度较轻,无腹胀、恶心、呕吐、便血等症状,舌淡,有齿痕,苔白腻,脉濡。平素体健, | 吴卓霖 巩阳 高文艳 | 2018 | 临床军医杂志2018，46，3： | 2 |
| 15 | 肠壁囊样积气症的诊断与治疗显示文摘肠壁囊样积气症是一种罕见疾病,其特点是从食管至直肠的全部或部分胃肠道黏膜下或者浆膜下囊状气体积聚,临床主要累及部位是结肠和小肠,亦可发生于肠系膜、大网膜、肝胃韧带等其他部位。近年来,随着影像检查手段的更新,检出率较前有上升趋势。由于大多数患者无明显症状或者只有消化道非特异性症状,如腹胀腹痛、腹泻便血等,容易导致漏诊或误诊。少部分患者会合并腹膜炎甚至消化道穿孔。处理原则与普通急腹症有所区别,预后取决于该病严重程度及合并疾病。本文将针对这一疾病的流行病学特点、病因与发病机制、临床表现、诊断和治疗做一综述,以期有利于临床一线医生诊疗。 | 乐依俊 叶颖江 高志冬 | 2020 | 中华胃肠外科杂志2020，23，11： | 1 |
| 16 | 肠气囊肿误诊结肠息肉1例报道显示文摘肠气囊肿病(pneumatosis cystoids intestinalis,PCI)是肠道黏膜下或浆膜下形成囊状气体单发或多发聚集为特征的罕见肠道疾病,其临床表现多不典型易被漏诊或误诊。笔者报告1例术前误诊结肠炎性息肉的PCI患者,复习文献讨论PCI的流行特点、病因、发病机制、临床表现、诊断和治疗,现报道如下。 | 曹凡 徐安书 侯勇 陈红安 张霞 方粉花 | 2024 | 云南医药2024，45，1： | 0 |
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