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| 1 | Moxibustion Treatment Restoring the Intestinal Epithelium Barrier in Rats with Crohn's Disease by Down-Regulating Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha,Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1,and Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 2显示文摘Objective:To investigate whether moxibustion regulates tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α), tumor necrosis factor receptor 1(TNFR1),and TNFR2 in the intestinal mucosa and to explore whether moxibustion could be used by means of this mechanism,to repair the intestinal epithelium barrier disruption in Crohn's disease(CD).Methods:The CD rat models were established by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBs), randomly divided into a model control(MC) group,an herb-partition moxibustion(HPM) group,a mild-warm moxibustion(MWM) group,and a salicylazosulfapyridine(SASP) group,and all were compared with a normal control(NC) group.The HPM and MWM groups were treated by moxibustion at Tianshu(ST25) and Qihai(RN6) for 14 days,and the SASP group obtained the SASP solution orally for the same period of time.The intestinal epithelium morphology and TNF-α,TNFR1,and TNFR2 contents were observed by the transmission electron microscopy and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results:The severity of morphological changes in CD intestinal epithelium was obviously improved,and the levels of TNF-α,TNFR1,and TNFR2 in the intestinal mucosa all significantly decreased in the HPM and MWM groups.However,there were no significant differences between the HPM and MWM groups.Conclusion:The moxibustion therapies(HPM and MWM) could reduce intestinal inflammation and restore intestinal epithelium barrier disruption in CD,which might be due to down-regulating TNF-α,TNFR1,and TNFR2 in intestinal mucosa and improving intestinal epithelium morphology. | 施茵 周恩华 吴焕淦 周次利 王乾瑶 戚莉 | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine2011，17，2： | 16 |
| 2 | 肠黏膜屏障与炎症性肠病关系研究进展显示文摘炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease ,IBD)包括克罗恩病(Crohn′s disease,CD)和溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC),是一组反复发作的慢性炎症性肠道疾病,其病因涉及肠道内环境(主要是肠道微生物)与易感个体间不恰当的免疫应答。肠黏膜屏障由机械屏障、化学屏障、免疫屏障和生物屏障组成,其在维持肠道吸收必需营养物质与防止有害物质的入侵并对其作出应答的平衡中起重要作用。研究发现,各种因素引起的肠黏膜四种屏障功能受损在IBD的发生与发展中起重要作用,了解肠黏膜屏障功能破坏与IBD的关系,有望为治疗IBD 提供新的思路。本文主要就肠黏膜屏障损伤与IBD的关系做一简要综述。 | 李林静 李治国 郝卉杰 石朝阳 冯百岁 | 2013 | 中华临床医师杂志(电子版)2013，7，12： | 10 |
| 3 | 肠黏膜屏障在溃疡性结肠炎发病机制中的研究现状显示文摘溃疡性结肠炎的病因和发病机制尚未完全明确,目前治疗手段比较有限,疗效也不令人满意。有研究表明,肠黏膜屏障在UC发生发展中起着重要的作用,因此研究肠黏膜屏障的组成和功能,了解其在UC中的改变,为进一步了解UC的发病机理,开发新的治疗方法提供理论基础。 | 田亭 邱玉梅 周宇 | 2013 | 现代消化及介入诊疗2013，18，5： | 10 |
| 4 | 针灸对克罗恩病肠黏膜屏障的保护作用显示文摘克罗恩病是临床常见难治病,其病因及发病机制仍尚未完全阐明。肠黏膜屏障是机体屏障系统的一个重要组成部分,对防御病菌侵入及维持肠道免疫稳态起重要作用,而肠黏膜屏障功能受损是感染和免疫因素参与CD发病,启动CD肠道炎症反应的关键环节。中医针灸在维持CD肠黏膜屏障结构的完整和正常功能的发挥方面具有一定的特色和优势,文章就针灸对CD肠黏膜屏障的保护作用机制作一综述。 | 王宽 刘世敏 顾沐恩 吴璐一 施茵 王晓梅 吴焕淦 刘慧荣 | 2017 | 时珍国医国药2017，28，11： | 9 |
| 5 | Wound healing of intestinal epithelial cells显示文摘The intestinal epithelial cells(IECs) form a selective permeability barrier separating luminal content from underlying tissues.Upon injury,the intestinal epithelium undergoes a wound healing process.Intestinal wound healing is dependent on the balance of three cellular events;restitution,proliferation,and differentiation of epithelial cells adjacent to the wounded area.Previous studies have shown that various regulatory peptides,including growth factors and cytokines,modulate intestinal epithelial wound healing.Recent studies have revealed that novel factors,which include toll-like receptors(TLRs),regulatory peptides,particular dietary factors,and some gastroprotective agents,also modulate intestinal epithelial wound repair.Among these factors,the activation of TLRs by commensal bacteria is suggested to play an essential role in the maintenance of gut homeostasis.Recent studies suggest that mutations and dysregulation of TLRs could be major contributing factors in the predisposition and perpetuation of inflammatory bowel disease.Additionally,studies have shown that specific signaling pathways are involved in IEC wound repair.In this review,we summarize the function of IECs,the process of intestinal epithelial wound healing,and the functions and mechanisms of the various factors that contribute to gut homeostasis and intestinal epithelial wound healing. | Masahiro Iizuka Shiho Konno | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，17： | 8 |
| 6 | Mucosa repair mechanisms of Tong-Xie-Yao-Fang mediated by CRH-R2 in murine,dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis显示文摘AIM To explore the significance of corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH)-receptor(R)2 in mucosal healing of dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis and the effect of Tong-Xie-Yao-Fang(TXYF) on CRH-R2 expression and regulation.METHODS Ulcerative colitis was induced in mice by administration of 3%(w/v) DSS for 7 d. Once the model was established,mice were administered urocortin-2(30 μg/kg), a peptide which binds exclusively to CRH-R2, or various doses of aqueous TXYF extracts(2.8-11.2 g/kg), a CRH-R2 antagonist Astressin(Ast)2B(20 μg/kg), Ast2B + Ucn2, or Ast2B with various doses of aqueous TXYF extracts for 9 d. Colonic mucosal permeability was then evaluated by measuring the fluorescence intensity in serum. The colitis disease activity index(DAI), histology, body weight loss and colon length were assessed to evaluate the condition of colitis. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase d UTP nick-end labeling was used to detect apoptosis of the intestinal epithelial cells. The expression level of Ki-67 represented the proliferation of colonic epithelial cells and was detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression levels of inflammation cytokines IL-6, TNF-α and CXCL-1 were examined in colon tissues using real-time PCR and ELISA kits.RESULTS Compared with the DSS group, mice treated with the CRH-R2 antagonist Ast2B showed greater loss of body weight, shorter colon lengths(4.90 ± 0.32 vs 6.21 ± 0.34 cm, P < 0.05), and higher DAI(3.61 ± 0.53 vs 2.42 ± 0.32, P < 0.05) and histological scores(11.50 ± 1.05 vs 8.33 ± 1.03, P < 0.05). Additionally, the Ast2B group showed increased intestinal permeability(2.76 ± 0.11 μg/mL vs 1.47 ± 0.11 μg/mL, P < 0.001), improved secretion of inflammatory cytokines in colon tissue, and reduced colonic epithelial cell proliferation(4.97 ± 4.25 vs 22.51 ± 8.22, P < 0.05). Increased apoptosis(1422.39 ± 90.71 vs 983.01 ± 98.17, P < 0.001) was also demonstrated. The Ucn2 group demonstrated lower DAI(0.87 ± 0.55 vs 2.42 ± 0.32, P < 0.001) and histological scores(4.33 ± 1.50 vs 8.33 ± 1.03, P < 0.05). Diminished weight loss, longer colon length(9.58 ± 0.62 vs 6.21 ± 0.34 cm, P < 0.001), reduced intestinal permeability(0.75 ± 0.07 vs 1.47 ± 0.11 μg/mL, P < 0.001), inhibited secretion of inflammatory cytokines in colon tissue and increased colonic epithelial cell proliferation(90.04 ± 15.50 vs 22.51 ± 8.22, P < 0.01) were all observed. Reduced apoptosis(149.55 ± 21.68 vs 983.01 ± 98.17, P < 0.05) was also observed. However, significant statistical differences in the results of the Ast2 B group and Ast2 B + Ucn2 group were observed. TXYF was also found to ameliorate symptoms of DSS-induced colitis in mice and to promote mucosal repair like Ucn2. There were significant differences between the Ast2B + TXYF groups and the TXYF groups.CONCLUSION CRH-R2 activates the intestinal mucosal antiinflammatory response by regulating migration, proliferation and apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells in colitisinduced mice, and plays an important antiinflammatory role. TXYF promotes mucosal repair in colitis mice by regulating CRH-R2. | Shan-Shan Gong Yi-Hong Fan Shi-Yi Wang Qing-Qing Han Bin Lv Yi Xu Xi Chen Yao-Er He | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，16： | 8 |
| 7 | Increased intestinal permeability in inflammatory bowel diseases assessed by iohexol test显示文摘AIM:To study intestinal permeability(IP) and its relationship to the disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)-Crohn's disease(CD) and ulcerative colitis(UC).METHODS:Fifty-eight patients with active IBD(32 with CD and 26 with UC) and 25 healthy controls consented to participate in the study.The clinical activity of CD was estimated using the Crohn's Disease Activity Index(CDAI),and the endoscopic activity of UC using the Mayo scoring system.IP was assessed by the rise in levels of iohexol,which was administered orally(25 mL,350 mg/mL) 2 h after breakfast.Three and six hours later serum(SIC mg/L) and urine(UIC g/mol) iohexol concentrations were determined by a validated HPLC-UV technique.RESULTS:In the CD group,SIC values at 3 h(2.95 ± 2.11 mg/L) and at 6 h after ingestion(2.63 ± 2.18 mg/L) were significantly higher compared to those of healthy subjects(1.25 ± 1.40 mg/L and 1.11 ± 1.10 mg/L,respectively,P < 0.05).UIC(g/mol) values were also higher in patients,but the differences were significant only for UIC at 6 h.Significant positive correlation(P < 0.05) was found between the CDAI and IP,assessed by SIC at 3 h(r = 0.60) and 6 h(r = 0.74) after the ingestion.In comparison to controls,SIC and UIC of UC patients were higher in the two studied periods,but the differences were significant at 6 h only.Significantly higher values of SIC(P < 0.05) were found in patients with severe endoscopic activity of UC compared to those of patients with mild and moderate activity(3.68 ± 3.18 vs 0.92 ± 0.69 mg/L).CONCLUSION:Serum levels of iohexol at 3 h and 6 h after its ingestion reflect increased IP,which is related to the disease activity in patients with IBD. | Vanya A Gerova Simeon G Stoynov Dimitar S Katsarov Dobrin A Svinarov | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，17： | 6 |
| 8 | 急性坏死性胰腺炎肠黏膜氧化应激损伤和HIF-1α的表达显示文摘目的:探讨急性坏死性胰腺炎(ANP)时肠黏膜屏障的氧化应激损伤和HIF-1α的表达,及其与黏膜损伤的关系.方法:♂Wistar大鼠随机分为3组,A组(ANP组,n=18),诱导ANP模型;B组(DMSO组,n=18),诱导ANP前,使用二甲基亚砜(DMSO)预处理组;C组(con组,n=10)假手术组.A和C组术前30min皮下注射生理盐水(0.2mL/kg体质量),B组动物术前30min皮下注射同等剂量的DMSO(0.2mL/kg体质量),并且实验前30min每只动物饲入60mg/100g体质量的FITC-右旋糖酐.动物分别在手术后0,6,24h点心脏取血后处死,分别取胰头和末端回肠3-5cm.观察胰腺和肠黏膜组织形态学改变,测定肠黏膜组织中DAO、SOD、GSH、MPO、MDA含量,Western-blot测定肠黏膜中HIF-1α的表达,并检测血清中二氨氧化酶(DAO)活性及FITC浓度.结果:ANP时大鼠肠黏膜屏障功能严重破坏,肠道通透性明显增加.ANP组6h时黏膜中DAO的活性已经明显下降(0.43±0.07U/Lvs0.91±0.11U/L,P<0.05),DMSO处理后DAO活性下降受抑.而血清中测定DAO活性正好相反.ANP组6h黏膜组织中SOD、GSH活性就已有明显下降,12h最为明显(SOD:12.12±2.24U/mgvs25.12±3.86U/mg;GSH:160.75±24.25mg/gvs412.45±45.60mg/g,均P<0.01),而MPO活性及MDA浓度明显升高(MPO:1.32±0.18U/mgvs0.63±0.11U/mg;MDA:2.85±0.21nmol/mgvs1.34±0.12nmol/mg,均P<0.01),观察期限内一直处在较高水平.DMSO预处理组动物肠黏膜通透性有所改善,但仍然高于正常(P<0.05).使用DMSO后,氧化应激反应及其产物有所减弱,但仍然高于正常(P<0.05).ANP时HIF-1α表达明显增加,而DMSO的使用可使HIF-1α高表达下调.结论:ANP时肠黏膜屏障结构和功能存在严重破坏;氧化应激损伤是肠黏膜屏障损伤的一个重要因素,而清除氧自由基能一定程度上减轻肠黏膜屏障损伤并能维护其功能;HIF-1α参与ANP肠黏膜屏障的修复和维持,清除氧自由基减轻肠黏膜损伤可以调节HIF-1α表达. | 崔培林 吕栋 张峻 姚士伟 王燕斌 杨昭徐 | 2009 | 世界华人消化杂志2009，17，1： | 6 |
| 9 | Intestinal alkaline phosphatase in the colonic mucosa of children with inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘AIM:To investigate intestinal alkaline phosphatase(iAP) in the intestinal mucosa of children with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).METHODS:Colonic biopsy samples were taken from 15 newly diagnosed IBD patients and from 10 healthy controls.In IBD patients,specimens were obtainedboth from inflamed and non-inflamed areas.The iAP mRNA and protein expression was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis,respectively.Tissue localization of iAP and Toll-like receptor(TLR) 4 was investigated by immunofluorescent staining.RESULTS:The iAP protein level in the inflamed mucosa of children with Crohn's disease(CD) and ulcerative colitis(UC) was significantly decreased when compared with controls(both P < 0.05).Similarly,we found a significantly decreased level of iAP protein in the inflamed mucosa in CD compared with non-inflamed mucosa in CD(P < 0.05).In addition,the iAP protein level in inflamed colonic mucosa in patients with UC was decreased compared with non-inflamed mucosa in patients with CD(P < 0.05).iAP protein levels in the non-inflamed mucosa of patients with CD were similar to controls.iAP mRNA expression in inflamed colonic mucosa of children with CD and UC was not significantly different from that in non-inflamed colonic mucosa with CD.Expression of iAP mRNA in patients with noninflamed mucosa and in controls were similar.Co-localization of iAP with TLR4 showed intense staining with a dotted-like pattern.iAP was present in the inflamed and non-inflamed mucosa of patients with CD,UC,and in control biopsy specimens,irrespective of whether it was present in the terminal ileum or in the colon.However,the fluorescent signal of TLR4 was more pronounced in the colon compared with the terminal ileum in all groups studied.CONCLUSION:Lower than normal iAP protein levels in inflamed mucosa of IBD patients may indicate a role for iAP in inflammatory lesions in IBD.Based on our results,administration of exogenous iAP enzyme to patients with the active form of IBD may be a therapeutic option. | Kriszta Molnár dám Vannay Beáta Szebeni Nóra Fanni Bánki Erna Sziksz ron Cseh Hajnalka Gyrffy Péter László Lakatos Mária Papp András Arató Gábor Veres | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，25： | 5 |
| 10 | 连接黏附分子A的研究进展显示文摘连接黏附分子A(junctional adhesion moleculeA,JAM-A)属于免疫球蛋白超家族,是一种跨膜蛋白,在胚胎发育、正常组织结构维持、炎症与免疫应答、创伤修复、肿瘤转移等多种生理病理过程中具有重要作用。JAM-A具有跨膜结构的I型膜蛋白,胞外有两个V型的免疫球蛋白环样结构,可通过顺式二聚体与胞内PDZ结构域结合,执行不同生物学功能。有关JAM-A和生物学功能的研究很多,其在不同种系细胞增殖中截然相反的作用更是引起大家的关注。就JAM-A在细胞增殖、肿瘤迁移和炎症性肠炎等三方面的研究进展作一综述。 | 周童 仵敏娟 | 2013 | 生命科学2013，25，9： | 5 |
| 11 | 植物精油影响畜禽肠道免疫性能的研究进展显示文摘畜禽肠道免疫性能是维持畜禽肠道健康的关键。在“禁抗”背景下,家禽肠道疾病严重制约了养殖业的健康发展,寻找“替抗”产品成为亟待解决的问题。植物精油以绿色、健康、毒副作用小等优势受到养殖业广泛关注。文章介绍植物精油及畜禽肠道免疫,综述植物精油对畜禽肠道免疫性能的影响及机制,以期为植物精油作为“替抗”产品提供参考。 | 张芯燕 豆腾飞 闫世雄 赵净颖 赵若含 胡梅 贾俊静 | 2022 | 饲料研究2022，45，16： | 4 |
| 12 | Decreased IgA+ plasma cells and IgA expression in acute liver necrosis mice显示文摘AIM: To investigate the number of intestinal immunoglobulin A (IgA+) plasma cells and expression of intestinal IgA in mice with acute liver necrosis. METHODS: A model of acute liver necrosis was established by intraperitoneal injection of galactosamine (GalN) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Sixty mice were randomly divided into one of 4 equal groups: normal control, acute liver necrosis, LPS, or GalN. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were employed to assess liver and intestinal injury, count intestinal IgA+ plasma cells, and measure the expression level of IgA and interferon γ (IFN-γ) in the small intestinal mucosa of mice. RESULTS: Injured intestinal mucosa was observed in the acute liver necrosis group but not in the normal, LPS or GalN groups. Compared with the normal group,intestinal IgA+ plasma cells were slightly decreased in the LPS and GalN groups [429 ± 20 per high power f ield (HPF), 406 ± 18/HPF, respectively], whereas they were markedly decreased in the acute liver necrosis group (282 ± 17/HPF vs 495 ± 26/HPF in normal group, P < 0.05). The expression of intestinal IgA was also slightly decreased in LPS and GalN groups, but was markedly reduced in the acute liver necrosis group as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (P < 0.05). In contrast, the level of IFN-γ was slightly increased in LPS, GalN and acute liver necrosis groups, but with no statistical signif icance (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Intestinal IgA+ plasma cells and IgA expression levels indicating that mucosal immune barrier dysfunction, does exist in acute liver necrosis. | Jin-Long Fu, Zhao-Han Wang, Guo-Zhen Li, Yu-Rong Wang, Pei Liu, Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Aff iliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，30： | 3 |
| 13 | Nod-like receptors in the development of intestinal inflammation and cancer显示文摘Introduction Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD),such as Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC),are a group of chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract[1-2].The symptoms of IBD include abdominal pain,diarrhea,and bloody stool.IBD affects a patient’s quality of life severely,due in part to its frequent recurrence.Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a malignancy in the colon or rectum with symptoms including bloody stool,changes in | CHEN Ya-yun CHEN Mei-hua HE Liang-mei ZHENG Rong LIU Yang-bin LIU Zhi-ping | 2015 | 赣南医学院学报2015，35，4： | 3 |
| 14 | What’s new in inflammatory bowel disease in 2008?显示文摘Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease represent the two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease. In this highlight topic series of articles we cover the latest developments in genetics and epidemiology, intestinal physiology, mucosal immunology, mechanisms of epithelial cell injury and restitution, current medical therapy, modern surgical management, important extra- intestinal complications such as primary sclerosing cholangitis, cholangiocellular carcinoma and autoimmune hepatitis as well as endoscopic and molecular screening, detection and prevention of small bowel and colorectal cancer. | Daniel C Baumgart | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，3： | 2 |
| 15 | SIGIRR对IL-1R/TLRs信号通路的负性调控作用研究进展显示文摘单免疫球蛋白白介素1受体相关蛋白(SIGIRR)是TIR超家族成员,最新研究表明它可负性调节IL-1R/TLRs受体介导的固有免疫应答,且在感染性疾病、肿瘤及自体免疫病诱导的炎症反应调节上所起的重要作用已经被阐明。作者主要综述了SIGIRR基因和蛋白表达模式在人、小鼠、牛等物种间的差异性,因其结构特异性所具有的对IL-1R/TLRs炎性信号通路的负性调控和具体的调控机理,以及在不同炎性相关疾病的发生和发展中抑制炎性反应的机制,进而为临床的炎性相关疾病治疗提供理论借鉴,同时也拓宽了SIGIRR基因在动物疾病治疗中的应用范围。 | 周秋格 刘畅 刘玉辉 赖金伦 陈颖钰 郭爱珍 胡长敏 | 2016 | 中国畜牧兽医2016，43，10： | 2 |
| 16 | Autoantibodies and an immune-based rat model of inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘The exact causes of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)are not yet fully defined.From a vast body of literature,we know that the immune response has long been involved in the pathogenesis of IBD,including both ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease.A variety of specific alterations can lead to immune activation and inflammation directed to the colon,as revealed by some animal models.Current research has focused on the role of antibodies in downstream events and mechanisms of autoimmunity and inflammation.It is not well known whether the production of antibodies is a serologic consequence of IBD,or if it is a result of barrier dysfunction induced by inflammation.Here,we present a new hypothesis to distinguish the complex links between genetic susceptibility,barrier dysfunction,commensal and pathologic microbial factors and inflammatory response(especially autoantibodies)in the pathogenesis of IBD.To ascertain the hypothesis,we developed a pilot model with the concept of the presence of antibodies against enteric bacterial antigens in IBD.Results confirmed our hypothesis.Our hypothesis suggests the possibility of subcutaneous vaccination of animals with administration of all or specific enteric bacterial antigens. | Hadi Esmaily Yara Sanei Mohammad Abdollahi | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，43： | 1 |
| 17 | 钙在猪不同肠段吸收的研究进展显示文摘钙是动物生命活动中的一种必需常量元素,是组成机体的重要成分,对畜禽生长和生产潜力的发挥产生重要影响。探讨猪肠段钙吸收,对于提高饲料中钙的利用率有重要价值。介绍钙在猪肠段的吸收机制,钙结合蛋白在肠道中的作用等。 | 刘禹含 邹磊 冀红芹 孙会 | 2013 | 饲料研究2013，36，7： | 1 |
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