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| 1 | Pancreatic cancer stem cell markers and exosomes-the incentive push显示文摘Pancreatic cancer(Pa Ca) has the highest death rate and incidence is increasing. Poor prognosis is due to late diagnosis and early metastatic spread, which is ascribed to a minor population of so called cancer stem cells(CSC) within the mass of the primary tumor. CSC are defined by biological features, which they share with adult stem cells like longevity, rare cell division, the capacity for self renewal, differentiation, drug resistance and the requirement for a niche. CSC can also be identified by sets of markers, which for pancreatic CSC(Pa-CSC) include CD44v6, c-Met, Tspan8, alpha6beta4, CXCR4, CD133, Ep CAM and claudin7. The functional relevance of CSC markers is still disputed. We hypothesize that Pa-CSC markers play a decisive role in tumor progression. This is fostered by the location in glycolipid-enriched membrane domains, which function as signaling platform and support connectivity of the individual Pa-CSC markers. Outsidein signaling supports apoptosis resistance, stem cell gene expression and tumor suppressor gene repression as well as mi RNA transcription and silencing. Pa-CSC markers also contribute to motility and invasiveness. By ligand binding host cells are triggered towards creating a milieu supporting Pa-CSC maintenance. Furthermore, CSC markers contribute to the generation, loading and delivery of exosomes, whereby CSC gain the capacity for a cell-cell contact independent crosstalk with the host and neighboring non-CSC. This allows PaCSC exosomes(TEX) to reprogram neighboring nonCSC towards epithelial mesenchymal transition and to stimulate host cells towards preparing a niche for metastasizing tumor cells. Finally, TEX communicate with the matrix to support tumor cell motility, invasion and homing. We will discuss the possibility that CSC markers are the initial trigger for these processes and what is the special contribution of CSC-TEX. | Sarah Heiler Zhe Wang Margot Zoller | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，26： | 8 |
| 2 | 舌鳞状细胞癌组织Bmi1表达及意义显示文摘目的观察舌鳞状细胞癌组织B细胞特异性莫洛尼白血病毒插入位点1(Bmi1)的表达情况,探讨其与患者临床病理特征的关系。方法选择舌鳞状细胞癌组织69份(观察组),同体癌旁正常组织20份(对照组)。采用免疫组化法检测两组Bmi1表达,并分析其与舌鳞状细胞癌患者临床病理特征的关系。结果观察组Bmi1阳性表达56例,阳性率为81.2%;对照组Bmi1阳性表达3例,阳性率为15.0%;两组阳性率比较,P<0.01。Bmi1阳性表达与舌鳞状细胞癌患者的性别、年龄、分化程度无关(P均>0.05),与浸润深度、淋巴结转移及术后复发转移有关(P均<0.05)。结论舌鳞状细胞癌组织中Bmi1蛋白表达升高,其表达变化可能参与了肿瘤的侵袭、转移,并有助于判断患者的预后。 | 刘硕硕 陆宇 | 2015 | 山东医药2015，55，48： | 0 |
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