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| 1 | 不同玉米籽粒中烟酸和玉米黄质含量的测定显示文摘从3 200份玉米自交系中选取123份作为研究材料,采用微生物法和分光光度法分别测定玉米籽粒中烟酸和玉米黄质含量,分析玉米类型、籽粒色泽、籽粒类型对籽粒中烟酸和玉米黄质含量的影响及烟酸和玉米黄质含量的相关性。结果表明,玉米籽粒中烟酸含量为0.57~4.80 mg/100 g,糯玉米远高于普通玉米,白玉米高于黄玉米,紫玉米介于白玉米和黄玉米之间。不同粒型间、同一粒色不同粒型间的烟酸含量则差异不显著。玉米籽粒中玉米黄质含量为0.35~4.03 mg/kg,糯玉米远低于普通玉米,白玉米低于黄玉米,紫玉米介于白玉米和黄玉米之间。不同粒型间、同一粒色不同粒型间的玉米黄质含量则差异不显著。由此说明,玉米类型、籽粒色泽对烟酸含量和玉米黄质含量有极显著影响,而籽粒类型的主效应、籽粒类型与籽粒色泽的交互效应均不显著。相关分析表明,籽粒中烟酸含量与玉米黄质含量存在极显著的中度负相关关系(r=-0.361,P<0.01),即籽粒中烟酸含量越高,玉米黄质含量越低。 | 邓小净 梅秀鹏 徐德 陈淅宁 刘晓丽 刘朝显 蔡一林 | 2015 | 食品科学2015，36，12： | 7 |
| 2 | The effects of sun exposure on carotenoid accumulation and oxidative stress in the retina of the House Finch(Haemorhous mexicanus)显示文摘Background: Diet-derived carotenoid pigments are concentrated in the retinas of birds and serve a variety of functions, including photoprotection. In domesticated bird species(e.g., chickens and quail), retinal carotenoid pigmentation has been shown to respond to large manipulations in light exposure and provide protection against photodamage. However, it is not known if or how wild birds respond to ecologically relevant variation in sun exposure.Methods: We manipulated the duration of natural sunlight exposure and dietary carotenoid levels in wild-caught captive House Finches(Haemorhous mexicanus), then measured carotenoid accumulation and oxidative stress in the retina.Results: We found no significant effects of sun exposure on retinal levels of carotenoids or lipid peroxidation, in replicate experiments, in winter(Jan–Mar) and spring/summer(May–June). Dietary carotenoid supplementation in the spring/summer experiment led to significantly higher retinal carotenoid levels, but did not affect lipid peroxidation. Carotenoid levels differed significantly between the winter and spring/summer experiments, with higher retinal and lower plasma carotenoid levels in birds from the later experiment.Conclusion: Our results suggest that variation in the duration of exposure to direct sunlight have limited influence on intraspecific variation in retinal carotenoid accumulation, but that accumulation may track other seasonal–environmental cues and physiological processes. | Matthew B.Toomey Kevin J.McGraw | 2016 | Chinese Birds2016，，1： | 0 |
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