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| 1 | WJH 6^(th) Anniversary Special Issues(7): Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease affects approximately one-third of the population worldwide, and its incidence continues to increase with the increasing prevalence of other metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes. As non-alcoholic fatty liver disease can progress to liver cirrhosis, its treatment is attracting greater attention. The pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is closely associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, especially hypertriglyceridemia. Increased serum levels of free fatty acid and glucose can cause oxidative stress in the liver and peripheral tissue, leading to ectopic fat accumulation, especially in the liver. In this review, we summarize the mechanism underlying the progression of hepatic steatosis to steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. We also discuss established drugs that are already being used to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, in addition to newly discovered agents, with respect to their mechanisms of drug action, focusing mainly on hepatic insulin resistance. As well, we review clinical data that demonstrate the efficacy of these drugs, together with improvements in biochemical or histological parameters. | Hye-jin Yoon Bong Soo Cha | 2014 | World Journal of Hepatology2014，6，11： | 20 |
| 2 | Thyroid hormone analogues and derivatives:Actions in fatty liver显示文摘Fatty liver or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),a problem of increasing clinical significance and prevalence worldwide,is associated with increased risk for the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.Although several therapeutic approaches can be used in the context of NAFLD,dietary and physical activities are still the most frequently used strategies.Some pharmacological agents show promising results although no conclusions can be drawn from recent clinical trials.Thyroid hormones[THs;thyroxine(T4)and3,3′,5-triiodo-L-thyronine(T3)]coordinate a diverse array of physiological events during development and lipid/energy homeostasis and have some potentially therapeutic actions which include inducing weight loss,and lowering plasma cholesterol levels and tissue adiposity.The thyroid hormones exert their physiological effects by binding to specific nuclear receptors[thyroid hormone receptors(TR)]of which the TRβisoform is liver specific and has been considered a putative target for the treatment of dyslipidemia and fatty liver.In view of this,the aim of the review is(1)to provide an overview of the action of T3 on lipid metabolism with implications for liver steatosis and(2)to provide an update on the current knowledge concerning the administration of TRβselective thyromimetics(GC-1 and MB07811),as well as of 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine and its novel functional analogue TRC150094 in animal models of overweight and related disorders including primarily fatty liver. | Maria Coppola Daniela Glinni Maria Moreno Federica Cioffi Elena Silvestri Fernando Goglia | 2014 | World Journal of Hepatology2014，6，3： | 3 |
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