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| 1 | Viral and cellular determinants involved in hepadnaviral entry显示文摘Hepadnaviridae is a family of hepatotropic DNA viruses that is divided into the genera orthohepadnavirus of mammals and avihepadnavirus of birds.All members of this family can cause acute and chronic hepatic infec-tion,which in the case of human hepatitis B virus(HBV) constitutes a major global health problem.Although our knowledge about the molecular biology of these highly liver-specific viruses has profoundly increased in the last two decades,the mechanisms of attachment and productive entrance into the differentiated host hepa-tocytes are still enigmatic.The difficulties in studying hepadnaviral entry were primarily caused by the lack of easily accessible in vitro infection systems.Thus,for more than twenty years,differentiated primary hepato-cytes from the respective species were the only in vitro models for both orthohepadnaviruses(e.g.HBV) and avihepadnaviruses(e.g.duck hepatitis B virus [DHBV]).Two important discoveries have been made recently re-garding HBV:(1) primary hepatocytes from tree-shrews;i.e.,Tupaia belangeri,can be substituted for primary hu-man hepatocytes,and(2) a human hepatoma cell line(HepaRG) was established that gains susceptibility for HBV infection upon induction of differentiation in vitro.A number of potential HBV receptor candidates have been described in the past,but none of them have been confirmed to function as a receptor.For DHBV and prob-ably all other avian hepadnaviruses,carboxypeptidase D(CPD) has been shown to be indispensable for infection,although the exact role of this molecule is still under debate.While still restricted to the use of primary duck hepatocytes(PDH),investigations performed with DHBV provided important general concepts on the first steps of hepadnaviral infection.However,with emerging dataobtained from the new HBV infection systems,the hope that DHBV utilizes the same mechanism as HBV only partially held true.Nevertheless,both HBV and DHBV in vitro infection systems will help to:(1) functionally dis-sect the hepadnaviral entry pathways,(2) perform re-verse genetics(e.g.test the fitness of escape mutants),(3) titrate and map neutralizing antibodies,(4) improve current vaccines to combat acute and chronic infections of hepatitis B,and(5) develop entry inhibitors for future clinical applications. | Dieter Glebe Stephan Urban | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007,13,1: | 35 |
| 2 | 乙肝病毒疫苗的类型及其免疫原性和安全性显示文摘乙型肝炎(HB)病毒(HBV)疫苗主要包括血源疫苗、基因工程酵母疫苗、地鼠及仓鼠卵细胞(CHO)疫苗.血源疫苗已被基因重组HBV(rHBV)疫苗所代替,后者现已发展到第3代及第4代,如含Pre-S的CHO疫苗及添加佐剂如寡核苷酸、3抗原(含S,Pre-S1和Pre-S2)的Hepacare疫苗和3’-单磷酸脂A(AS04)疫苗等.近年来又研制成功了肺炎球菌多糖苷蛋白结合rHBV疫苗及可口服和涂抹的DNA疫苗等.目前所应用的rHBV疫苗均具有很好的免疫原性已得到世界公认和肯定,且国内外无明显差别.不良反应普通rHBV疫苗小于2.5%,主要为针刺部位痛、红、肿、胀、痒,一般轻微,日余即消.小于0.5%的人有发热、嗜睡、食欲下降等反应,多见于HB-AS04疫苗,无需处理. | 陈仕珠 高建宏 | 2006 | 世界华人消化杂志2006,14,27: | 8 |
| 3 | 人乙型肝炎病毒包膜蛋白多态性的生物信息学分析及其意义显示文摘目的构建乙肝病毒生物数据库(Bio-HBV Database),针对HBV包膜蛋白序列进行多态性分析。方法构建Bio-HBV生物数据库获得国际基因序列库中所有完整的包膜蛋白并进行比对,采用信息熵评价序列位点的保守性,结合BLOSUM90评分系统和PAML(phylogenetic analyses by maxi mumlikelihood)软件包寻找选择压力下的异常氨基酸替换模式。结果包膜蛋白中ps35,ps132,s49和s127等氨基酸替换具有高度的统计学意义。此外包膜蛋白内有多个重要区段,直接影响HBV生物学功能。我们对这些区段逐一分析了功能与结构的关系。结论通过Bio-HBV生物数据库,用生物信息学方法不仅验证了已知生物学特性的功能域的保守性,更提出了潜在的可以作为研究切入点的新功能域。 | 陈喆 朱悦 李亦学 闻玉梅 | 2006 | 复旦学报(医学版)2006,33,6: | 6 |
| 4 | 乙肝病毒前S1抗原检测的临床意义显示文摘目的研究乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)前S1(Pre-S1)抗原与乙型肝炎病毒肝炎病毒复制的相关性,评价Pre-S1抗原在乙型肝炎诊断及治疗中的临床意义。方法应用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)法及实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(FQ-PCR)法对457例乙肝患者血清进行了HBV血清学标志('两对半')、Pre-S1抗原、HBV DNA检测,并对检测结果进行了相关性分析。结果在457例乙肝标本中,Pre-S1抗原阳性百分率为53.1%,与HBV DNA阳性率无显著差异(χ2=3.239,P>0.05);在具有不同HBV DNA载量的各组中,Pre-S1抗原与HbeAg阳性率都随着病毒拷贝数的增加而增加,而Pre-S1敏感性和准确性要优于HbeAg(χ2=56.770,P<0.01)。结论Pre-S1抗原与HBV DNA具有高度相关性,能敏感的反映乙肝病毒的感染与复制情况,在乙型肝炎诊断及治疗中具有重要意义。 | 陈铭 肖华 何瀚 李海平 张家军 雷选斌 兰峰 | 2008 | 中国热带医学2008,8,8: | 6 |
| 5 | 乙型肝炎疫苗免疫接种现状及对无(弱)应答的探索显示文摘乙型肝炎疫苗接种在预防和控制乙型肝炎流行方面具有重要意义。本文综述乙型肝炎疫苗免疫接种现状,试从机体免疫、遗传等因素分析乙型肝炎疫苗接种后无(弱)应答发生的原因,并阐述目前对乙型肝炎疫苗无(弱)应答解决方法的研究。 | 林潮双 王向阳 高志良 | 2008 | 国际内科学杂志2008,35,1: | 5 |
| 6 | 乙型肝炎病毒PreS1蛋白研究进展显示文摘乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)属于嗜肝DNA病毒科,是多数肝脏疾病和肝癌的主要发病原因之一。慢性HBV感染是全球化的健康问题,肝癌是世界上最严重的恶性肿瘤之一,死亡率排在第三位,严重威胁人类健康。虽然我们对于这个具有高度肝脏特异性病毒的分子生物学研究的知识有所增加,但是病毒黏附和进入宿主细胞的机制仍是未知数。乙肝病毒PreS1蛋白位于HBV病毒颗粒表面,并在病毒的组装和感染中发挥重要的作用。为了阻止HBV入侵及抗病毒感染,目前一系列基于PreS1抗原肽的方法正在研究中,而这些有可能成为新的抗病毒治疗方法。 | 易韬 | 2013 | 四川解剖学杂志2013,21,1: | 1 |
| 7 | 乙型肝炎病毒前S1抗原检测在临床应用的研究显示文摘慢性乙型肝炎是我国最常见的传染病之一,有10%左右人口为乙肝病毒(HBV)携带者。PreS1抗原与慢性HBV复制间有着密切的关系,Pre—S1抗原检测与HBVDNA具有高度相关性,优于HbeAg的血清学检测指标,可以可靠的反映HBV的感染与复制情况, | 陈善昌 | 2012 | 医学信息2012,25,8: | 0 |