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| 1 | 土壤风蚀过程研究回顾与展望显示文摘土壤风蚀过程包含风蚀动力过程和风蚀因子及风蚀速率在风蚀过程中的动态变化过程。前者实验和理论研究成果丰富,较清晰地刻画了颗粒起动、搬运和沉降过程;后者重点研究风蚀过程中各类风蚀因子的动态变化规律及其互馈机制,以及土壤风蚀速率对风蚀因子动态变化的响应机制,尚缺乏系统的研究成果。土壤风蚀过程研究的难点在于:(1)风蚀因子的动力学参数化;(2)风蚀因子动态变化过程的观测和定量表达;(3)风蚀过程的尺度问题;(4)模型的预报能力。现阶段土壤风蚀研究迫切需要开展以下工作:建立标准风蚀观测场,获取连续、完整的大田风蚀资料;研究风沙流饱和路径,解决尺度问题;构建具有扎实理论基础、基于动力过程和动态变化过程的风蚀模型。 | 张春来 宋长青 王振亭 邹学勇 王雪松 | 2018 | 地球科学进展2018，33，1： | 33 |
| 2 | Distribution characteristics of 137Cs in wind-eroded soil profile and its use in estimating wind erosion modulus显示文摘Due to its inert reaction in soil system and distinctive vertical distribution in soil profile, caesium-137 (137Cs) has been used as a tracer to assess wind erosion. In this study, 62 soil samples were collected from 4 sampling sites in Taipusi County, Inner Mongolia; Caesium-137 activities for those soil samples were measured using a gamma-ray spectrometry in Sichuan University, Chengdu. Distribution pattern of 137Cs in vertical soil profile was different for different land use and land cover types. Caesium-137 was distributed homogeneously in plow layer of cropland, and negatively exponential in low to medium cover grassland. Distribution pattern in high covered grassland was represented by a peak at 2-4 cm soil depth followed by a negative exponential curve. Based on those findings, simplified mass balance model was chosen to estimate the rate of wind erosion for cropland, while profile distribution model was used for grassland. Estimated wind erosion rates were 7990,4270 and 1808 Mg·km-2·a-1 for cropland, low cover grassland and medium cover grassland, respectively. Wind erosion intensity correlated negatively with plant cover. | HUYunfeng LIUJiyuan ZHUANGDafang CAOHongxia YANHuimin YANGFengting | 2005 | Chinese Science Bulletin2005，50，11： | 11 |
| 3 | Soil erosion rates and characteristics of typical alpine meadow using ~137Cs technique in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau显示文摘Alpine meadow is the predominant ecosystem in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.The firm turf of alpine meadow formed by sub-surface anfractuous roots can be effective in conserving water and soil.Alpine meadow is a primary contributor to the Chinese Water Tower.For quantitative assess anti-erosion ability of alpine meadow,this paper selected three typical meadow slopes with>60% vegetation coverage to evaluate soil erosion rates using 137Cs.The results showed that(1)soil erosion intensity of typical alpine meadow was slight to light.Erosion rates were 464 t km–2 a–1 in Malong Village,415 t km–2 a–1 in Yeniugou Town and 875 t km–2 a–1 in Zhenqin Town respectively;(2)soil erosion rates were correlated negatively with vegetation coverage,and the relationship was clearer at the slope scale than plot scale;(3)the relationship between soil erosion and vegetation coverage showed that vegetation coverage was a predominant factor in retaining soil and water on slopes.With complete turf and high vegetation coverage, alpine meadow was of great significance for soil conservation and prevention of soil erosion. | SHAO QuanQin XIAO Tong LIU JiYuan QI YongQing | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，16： | 8 |
| 4 | Determination of 137Cs reference inventories in a large-scale region: A case study in the central-eastern Inner Mongolia Plateau显示文摘In isotope 137 Cs tracing studies, it is a premise to determine suitable 137 Cs reference inventory(CRI) plots and the CRI values. Owing to the heterogeneous spatial distribution of 137 Cs deposition in the ground and diverse, or even irregular, operations in sampling and testing procedures, CRI determination is usually faced with many difficulties and uncertainties. In addition, more difficulties occur in an investigation of a large-scale region because of time constraints and measurement cost limitations. In this study, traditional CRI acquiring methods were summarized first, and then a new complex scheme was established, involving seven core steps and coupling the model estimate and sample measurement. The above CRI determination methodology was implemented in the central-eastern Inner Mongolia Plateau. The case study results showed that the CRI in the dark chestnut soil sub-region, located in the east and south of Xing'an City, exhibited 2447 Bq·m–2; the CRI in the aeolian sandy soil sub-region, positioned in the south central Tongliao City and central Chifeng City, showed 2430 Bq·m–2; the CRI in the sandy chernozem soil sub-region, situated in the northwestern Chifeng City, presented 2384 Bq·m–2; and the CRI in the chestnut soil sub-region, in the southern Xilin Gol City, was 2368 Bq·m–2. The newly proposed CRI determination scheme was proved effective, and the determined CRI plots and CRI values were convincing. The methodology offered a framework for 137 Cs tracing studies in large-scale regions or long-distance transects. | HU Yunfeng LIU Jiyuan Batunacun ZHEN Lin | 2014 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2014，24，6： | 4 |
| 5 | Using remote-sensing technologies in combination with Cesium-137 measurements to estimate soil-erosion quantity in semi-arid steppe areas显示文摘Soil erosion by wind is one of the most important processes in the changing the earth's surface in semi-arid areas,Thus it is of great importance to study soil-erosion action.Using integrated technologies of remote sensing and geochemistry radioactivity iso-tope to extract regional soil-erosion information and to calculate quantity of soil erosion is accomplished successfully in this paper by means of beneficial experiments in the Talatan region of the Gonghe Basin,which is located in northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Pla-teau in China.The results show that the soil erosion by wind is not intensive in this region;the erosion types belong to the classes of very-soft erosion and soft-erosion type,which account for 47.12 percent and 35.58 percent,respectively,of the total study area.In total,two kinds of soil erosion account for 82.70 percent of the study area;only a small area belongs to the classes of severe erosion and very-severe erosion;this area is about 22.14 km2.Severe deposition activity has taken place in this region,and has appeared in a large area(322.67 km2),which accounts for 11.78 percent of the total study area.The results of this study show that soil erosion and deposition inventories are 870,000-1,150,000 tons and 550,000-780,000 tons,respectively,per year.The soil in-ventory shows about 320,000-370,000 tons from Talatan to Longyangxia reservoir per year.Using remote-sensing technology and 137Cs techniques is a valid means to analyze and to evaluate the quantity of soil erosion by wind in semi-arid environments. | ZhanJiang Sha HaiZhou Ma LingQin Li Jinzhou Du FeiQuan Wu QiShun Fan | 2009 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2009，1，5： | 0 |
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