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| 1 | Return to sport following tibial plateau fractures: A systematic review显示文摘AIM To systemically review all studies reporting return to sport following tibial plateau fracture, in order to provide information on return rates and times to sport, and to assess variations in sporting outcome for different treatment methods.METHODS A systematic search of CINAHAL, Cochrane, EMBASE, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, PEDro, Scopus, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science was performed in January 2017 using the keywords 'tibial', 'plateau', 'fractures', 'knee', 'athletes', 'sports', 'non-operative', 'conservative', 'operative', 'return to sport'. All studies which recorded return rates and times to sport following tibial plateau fractures were included. RESULTS Twenty-seven studies were included: 1 was a randomised controlled trial, 7 were prospective cohort studies, 16 were retrospective cohort studies, 3 were case series. One study reported on the outcome of conservative management(n = 3); 27 reported on the outcome of surgical management(n = 917). Nine studies reported on Open Reduction Internal Fixation(ORIF)(n = 193), 11 on Arthroscopic-Assisted Reduction Internal Fixation(ARIF)(n = 253) and 7 on Frame-Assisted Fixation(FRAME)(n = 262). All studies recorded 'return to sport'rates. Only one study recorded a 'return to sport' time. The return rate to sport for the total cohort was 70%. For the conservatively-managed fractures, the return rate was 100%. For the surgically-managed fractures, the return rate was 70%. For fractures managed with ORIF, the return rate was 60%. For fractures managed with ARIF, the return rate was 83%. For fractures managed with FRAME was 52%. The return rate for ARIF was found to be significantly greater than that for ORIF(OR 3.22, 95%CI: 2.09-4.97, P < 0.001) and for FRAME(OR 4.33, 95%CI: 2.89-6.50, P < 0.001). No difference was found between the return rates for ORIF and FRAME(OR 1.35, 95%CI: 0.92-1.96, P = 0.122). The recorded return time was 6.9 mo(median), from a study reporting on ORIF.CONCLUSION Return rates to sport for tibial plateau fractures remain limited compared to other fractures. ARIF provides the best return rates. There is limited data regarding return times to sport. Further research is required to determine return times to sport, and to improve return rates to sport, through treatment and rehabilitation optimisation. | Greg A J Robertson Seng J Wong Alexander M Wood | 2017 | World Journal of Orthopedics2017，8，7： | 10 |
| 2 | Lower limb stress fractures in sport:Optimising their management and outcome显示文摘Stress fractures in sport are becoming increasing more common,comprising up to 10%of all of sporting injuries.Around 90%of such injuries are located in the lower limb.This articles aims to define the optimal management of lower limb stress fractures in the athlete,with a view to maximise return rates and minimise return times to sport.Treatment planning of this condition is specific to the location of the injury.However,there remains a clear division of stress fractures by'high'and'low'risk.'Low risk'stress fractures are those with a low probability of fracture propagation,delayed union,or non-union,and so can be managed reliably with rest and exercise limitation.These include stress fractures of the PosteroMedial Tibial Diaphysis,Metatarsal Shafts,Distal Fibula,Medial Femoral Neck,Femoral Shaft and Calcaneus.'High risk'stress fractures,in contrast,have increased rates of fracture propagation,displacement,delayed and non-union,and so require immediate cessation of activity,with orthopaedic referral,to assess the need for surgical intervention.These include stress fractures of the Anterior Tibial Diaphysis,Fifth Metatarsal Base,Medial Malleolus,Lateral Femoral Neck,Tarsal Navicular and Great Toe Sesamoids.In order to establish the optimal methods for managing these injuries,we present and review the current evidence which guides the treatment of stress fractures in athletes.From this,we note an increased role for surgical management of certain high risk stress fractures to improve return times and rates to sport.Following this,key recommendations are provided for the management of the common stress fracture types seen in the athlete.Five case reports are also presented to illustrate the application of sportfocussed lower limb stress fracture treatment in the clinical setting. | Greg A J Robertson Alexander M Wood | 2017 | World Journal of Orthopedics2017，8，3： | 7 |
| 3 | Lung infections:role of apoptosis in host defense and pathogenesis of disease显示文摘 | Behnia M Robertson KA Martin W J 2nd | 2000 | Chest2000，117，6： | 1 |
| 4 | Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in aerobic chemostat culture of Thiosphaera patotropha显示文摘 | ROBERTSON L A VAN NIEL E W J TORREMANS R A M | 1988 | Applied Environmental Microbiology1988，54，11： | 1 |
| 5 | Effect of atorvastatin on kidney function in chronic kidney disease: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial显示文摘 | Fassett R G Robertson I K Ball M J | 2010 | Atherosclerosis2010，213，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Molecuar weight forms of inhibin A,inkibin B and Pro-aC in maternal serum,amniotic fluid and placental extracts of normal and Down'syndrome Pregnancies显示文摘 | ThirunavukarasuPP Robertson D M Dawson J | 2002 | Prenat Diagn2002，22，12： | 1 |
| 7 | A comparison of techniques for determining IVDMD at three time periods using the filter bag technique versus conventional techniques显示文摘 | Traxler M J Robertson J B Van Soest P J | 1995 | J Dairy Sci1995，78，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Pathology of aural abscesses in free - living Eastern box turtles ( Terrapene carolina carolina) 显示文摘 | Brown J D Richards J M Robertson J | 2004 | Journal of Wildlife Diseases2004，40，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Nucleotide and amino acid sequence coding for polypeptides of foot-and-mouth disease virus type A12 显示文摘 | ROBERTSON B H GRUBMAN M J WEDDELL G N | 1985 | J Virol1985，54，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Biology and clinical relevance of human natural killer cells显示文摘 | ROBERTSON M J RITZ J | 1990 | Blood1990，76，12： | 1 |
| 11 | Biophysical ac- tivity of an artificial surfactant containing an analogue of sur- factant protein (SP)-C and native SP B显示文摘 | Palmblad M Johansson J Robertson B | 1999 | Biochem J1999，，： | 1 |
| 12 | Baculovirus P35 inhibits the glucocorticoid-mediated pathway of cell death显示文摘 | Robertson N M Zangrilli J Fernandes-Alnemri T | 1997 | Cancer Res1997，57，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Central agencies in the diffusion and design of technology: A comparison of the UK and Sweden 显示文摘 | J SWAN S NEWELL M ROBERTSON | 1999 | Organization Studies1999，20，6： | 1 |
| 14 | The influence of management on soil loss and yield of wheat in chernozemic and luvisolic soils显示文摘 | Monreal C M Zentner R P Robertson J A | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 15 | Perceived Exertion, Electromyography and Blood Lactate During Acute Bouts of Resistance Exercise显示文摘 | LAGALLY K M ROBERTSON R J GALLAGHER K I | 2002 | Med Sci Sports Exerc2002，，34： | 1 |
| 16 | Gap states in silicon nitride显示文摘 | Robertson J Powell M J | 1984 | Appl Phys Lett1984，44，： | 1 |
| 17 | The preconditions and consequences of relative deprivation: Two field studies 显示文摘 | Olson J M Roese N J Meen J Robertson D J | 1995 | Journal of Applied Social Psychology1995，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Long-term results of hepatic artery fluorodeoxyuridine and conformal radiation therapy for primary hepatobiliary cancers显示文摘 | Robertson J M Lawrence T S Andrews J C | 1997 | Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys1997，37，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Hepatic toxicity resulting from cancer treatment显示文摘 | LAWRENCE T S ROBERTSON J M ANSCHER M S | 1995 | Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys1995，31，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Predicting the crystallization potential of urine from cats and dogs with respect to calcium oxalate and magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite) 显示文摘 | Robertson W G Jones J S Heaton M A | 2002 | Journal of Nutrition2002，32，16： | 1 |
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